Emergent Neural Computational Architectures Based on Neuroscience

by Wermter, Stefan; Willshaw, David J.; Austin, James

• ISBN13: 9783540423638
• ISBN10: 354042363X
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2001-09-01
• Publisher: Springer Verlag

Summary

It is generally understood that the present approachs to computing do not have the performance, flexibility, and reliability of biological information processing systems. Although there is a comprehensive body of knowledge regarding how information processing occurs in the brain and central nervous system this has had little impact on mainstream computing so far. This book presents a broad spectrum of current research into biologically inspired computational systems and thus contributes towards developing new computational approaches based on neuroscience. The 39 revised full papers by leading researchers were carefully selected and reviewed for inclusion in this anthology. Besides an introductory overview by the volume editors, the book offers topical parts on modular organization and robustness, timing and synchronization, and learning and memory storage.

Table of Contents

Towards Novel Neuroscience-Inspired Computing	1	(19)
Stefan Wermter
Jim Austin
David Willshaw
Mark Elshaw
Modular Organisation and Robustness
Images of the Mind: Brain Images and Neural Networks	20	(19)
John G. Taylor
Stimulus-Independent Data Analysis for fMRI	39	(14)
Silke Dodel
J. Michael Herrmann
Theo Geisel
Emergence of Modularity within One Sheet of Neurons: A Model Comparison	53	(15)
Cornelius Weber
Klaus Obermayer
Computational Investigation of Hemispheric Specialization and Interactions	68	(15)
James A. Reggia
Yuri Shkuro
Natalia Shevtsova
Explorations of the Interaction between Split Processing and Stimulus Types	83	(15)
John Hicks
Padraic Monaghan
Modularity and Specialized Learning: Mapping between Agent Architectures and Brain Organization	98	(16)
Joanna Bryson
Lynn Andrea Stein
Biased Competition Mechanisms for Visual Attention in a Multimodular Neurodynamical System	114	(13)
Gustavo Deco
Recurrent Long-Range Interactions in Early Vision	127	(12)
Thorsten Hansen
Wolfgang Sepp
Heiko Neumann
Neural Mechanisms for Representing Surface and Contour Features	139	(15)
Thorsten Hansen
Heiko Neumann
Representations of Neuronal Models Using Minimal and Bilinear Realisations	154	(7)
Gary C.R. Green
Will Woods
S. Manchanda
Collaborative Cell Assemblies: Building Blocks of Cortical Computation	161	(13)
Ronan G. Reilly
On the Influence of Threshold Variability in a Mean-Field Model of the Visual Cortex	174	(14)
Hauke Bartsch
Martin Stetter
Klaus Obermayer
Towards Computational Neural Systems through Developmental Evolution	188	(15)
Alistair G. Rust
Rod Adams
Stella George
Hamid Bolouri
The Complexity of the Brain: Structural, Functional, and Dynamic Modules	203	(9)
Peter Erdi
Tamas Kiss
Timing and Synchronisation
Synchronisation, Binding, and the Role of Correlated Firing in Fast Information Transmission	212	(15)
Simon R. Schultz
Huw D.R. Golledge
Stefano Panzeri
Segmenting State into Entities and Its Implication for Learning	227	(10)
James Henderson
Temporal Structure of Neural Activity and Modelling of Information Processing in the Brain	237	(18)
Roman Borisyuk
Galina Borisyuk
Yakov Kazanovich
Role of the Cerebellum in Time-Critical Goal-Oriented Behaviour: Anatomical Basis and Control Principle	255	(15)
Guido Bugmann
Locust Olfaction (Synchronous Oscillations in Excitatory and Inhibitory Groups of Spiking Neurons)	270	(15)
David C. Sterratt
Temporal Coding in Neuronal Populations in the Presence of Axonal and Dendritic Conduction Time Delays	285	(11)
David M. Halliday
The Role of Brain Chaos	296	(15)
Peter Andras
Neural Network Classification of Word Evoked Neuromagnetic Brain Activity	311	(9)
Ramin Assadollahi
Friedemann Pulvermuller
Simulation Studies of the Speed of Recurrent Processing	320	(13)
Stefano Panzeri
Edmund T. Rolls
Francesco P. Battaglia
Ruth Lavis
Learning and Memory Storage
The Dynamics of Learning and Memory: Lessons from Neuroscience	333	(15)
Michael J. Denham
Biological Grounding of Recruitment Learning and Vicinal Algorithms in Long-Term Potentiation	348	(20)
Lokendra Shastri
Plasticity and Nativism: Towards a Resolution of an Apparent Paradox	368	(15)
Gary F. Marcus
Cell Assemblies as an Intermediate Level Model of Cognition	383	(15)
Christian R. Huyck
Modelling Higher Cognitive Functions with Hebbian Cell Assemblies	398	(9)
Marcin Chady
Spiking Associative Memory and Scene Segmentation by Synchronization of Cortical Activity	407	(21)
Andreas Knoblauch
Gunther Palm
A Familiarity Discrimination Algorithm Inspired by Computations of the Perirhinal Cortex	428	(14)
Rafal Bogacz
Malcolm W. Brown
Christophe Giraud-Carrier
Linguistic Computation with State Space Trajectories	442	(19)
Hermann Moisl
Robust Stimulus Encoding in Olfactory Processing: Hyperacuity and Efficient Signal Transmission	461	(19)
Tim Pearce
Paul Verschure
Joel White
John Kauer
Finite-State Computation in Analog Neural Networks: Steps towards Biologically Plausible Models?	480	(14)
Mikel L. Forcada
Rafael C. Carrasco
An Investigation into the Role of Cortical Synaptic Depression in Auditory Processing	494	(13)
Sue L. Denham
Michael J. Denham
The Role of Memory, Anxiety, and Hebbian Learning in Hippocampal Function: Novel Explorations in Computational Neuroscience and Robotics	507	(15)
John F. Kazer
Amanda J. C. Sharkey
Using a Time-Delay Actor-Critic Neural Architecture with Dopamine-Like Reinforcement Signal for Learning in Autonomous Robots	522	(12)
Andres Perez-Uribe
Connectionist Propositional Logic (A Simple Correlation Matrix Memory Based Reasoning System)	534	(13)
Daniel Kustrin
Jim Austin
Analysis and Synthesis of Agents That Learn from Distributed Dynamic Data Sources	547	(13)
Doina Caragea
Adrian Silvescu
Vasant Honavar
Connectionist Neuroimaging	560	(17)
Stephen Jose Hanson
Michiro Negishi
Catherine Hanson
Author Index	577