Hornbook on Employment Law

by Craver, Charles B.

• ISBN13: 9780314150288
• ISBN10: 0314150285
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2004-12-31
• Publisher: West Group

Summary

Organized chronologically, this book proceeds through the employment relationship, from formation, through terms and conditions of employment, to termination. In-depth discussion of current topics: the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993, HIV-infected workers, affirmative action, comparable worth, health insurance benefits, family leave, restrictive covenants, trade secrets, plant closing laws, and pensions. Throughout the two volumes, procedural and substantive aspects are covered relating to issues that arise on the job. Includes case and statutory references, plus an index to speed research.

Table of Contents

Preface	v
Westlaw Overview	vii
Establishing the Employment Relationship	5	(84)
Introduction	5	(2)
Want Ads	7	(1)
Employment Agencies	8	(2)
Hiring Halls and Training Programs	10	(2)
Application Forms	12	(2)
Interviews	14	(1)
References	15	(1)
Defamation	16	(5)
Criminal Records	21	(2)
Fingerprinting	23	(1)
Credit Records	24	(3)
Negligent Hiring	27	(3)
Blacklisting	30	(1)
Undocumented Aliens	31	(2)
Residency Requirements	33	(3)
Civil Service	36	(2)
Polygraphs	38	(4)
Honesty Testing	42	(1)
Psychological and Personality Testing	43	(2)
Intelligence and Aptitude Testing	45	(5)
Physical Ability Testing	50	(1)
Medical Testing	51	(5)
HIV Testing	56	(3)
Cigarette Smoking	59	(2)
Genetic Testing	61	(3)
Drug Testing	64	(12)
Formation of the Employment Relationship	76	(4)
Arbitration	80	(2)
Tort Liability and the Employment Relationship	82	(5)
Regulation of Employee Leasing Companies	87	(2)
Discrimination: Race, National Origin, Gender, Religion and Age	89	(209)
Introduction	90	(1)
Coverage and Exemptions	91	(15)
Coverage and Exemptions---Private Employers	106	(9)
Coverage and Exemptions---Unions and Employment Agencies	115	(4)
Coverage and Exemptions---Public Employers	119	(4)
Intentional Discrimination	123	(7)
Intentional Discrimination---Direct Evidence of Discriminatory Animus	130	(6)
Intentional Discrimination---Indirect Evidence, Nondiscriminatory Purpose, and Pretext	136	(14)
Intentional Discrimination---Mixed Motives	150	(3)
Discharge and Constructive Discharge	153	(4)
Retaliation for Opposing Discrimination	157	(4)
Racial Harassment	161	(8)
Harassment on the Basis of National Origin, Religion and Age	169	(4)
Sexual Harassment and Gender Stereotyping	173	(16)
Intentional Exclusion of Groups	189	(9)
Intentional Exclusion of Groups---Restrictive Advertising and Race Coding	198	(3)
Intentional Exclusion of Groups---Segregation or Classification of Employees	201	(5)
Bona Fide Occupational Qualification	206	(5)
Voluntary Affirmative Action	211	(8)
Proof of Patterns of Invidious Exclusions	219	(4)
Disparate Impact	223	(9)
Disparate Impact---Discretionary Evaluations for Promotion and Hire	232	(3)
Disparate Impact---Scored Tests	235	(2)
Test Validation---Predictive Validity	237	(3)
Test Validation---Content and Construct Validity	240	(3)
Other Criteria for Hiring or Promotion	243	(3)
Business Necessity and Justification	246	(4)
Less Discriminatory Alternatives	250	(3)
Procedural Requirements	253	(5)
Judicial Remedies	258	(1)
Judicial Remedies---Compensatory and Punitive Damages	259	(2)
Judicial Remedies---Reinstatement and Back Pay	261	(2)
Judicial Remedies---Seniority and Bona Fide Seniority Systems	263	(2)
Judicial Remedies---Affirmative Action and Other Affirmative Orders	265	(2)
Judicial Remedies---Attorneys' Fees and Costs	267	(2)
Judicial Remedies---Court Enforcement of Consent Decrees	269	(1)
Religious Discrimination and Accommodation of Religion	270	(8)
Age Discrimination in Employment Act---Special Issues	278	(12)
Constitutional Claims	290	(1)
Reconstruction Era Civil Rights Acts	291	(3)
State Fair Employment Practice Statutes	294	(4)
Disability Discrimination	298	(27)
Introduction	298	(1)
Rehabilitation Act	299	(1)
Americans With Disabilities Act---Coverage	300	(1)
Americans With Disabilities Act---Definition of Disability	301	(6)
Americans With Disabilities Act---Illegal Drugs and Alcohol	307	(3)
Americans With Disabilities Act---Qualification Standards	310	(2)
Americans With Disabilities Act---Medical Examinations and Inquiries	312	(2)
Americans With Disabilities Act---Reasonable Accommodation and Undue Hardship	314	(3)
Americans With Disabilities Act---Defenses	317	(1)
Americans With Disabilities Act---Health Care and Other Benefits	317	(2)
Americans With Disabilities Act---Discriminatory Treatment	319	(1)
Americans With Disabilities Act---Retaliation	319	(2)
Americans With Disabilities Act---Procedure, Burden of Proof, and Remedies	321	(1)
Americans With Disabilities Act---Relationship to Other Laws	322	(1)
State Disabilities Laws	323	(2)
Wages, Hours, and Benefits	325	(115)
Introduction	326	(2)
Fair Labor Standards Act---Coverage	328	(5)
Fair Labor Standards Act---Wages	333	(2)
Fair Labor Standards Act---Hours---Overtime	335	(2)
Fair Labor Standards Act---Hours---Compensable Time	337	(5)
Fair Labor Standards Act---Exemptions	342	(8)
Fair Labor Standards Act---Child Labor	350	(1)
Fair Labor Standards Act---Public Employees	351	(4)
Fair Labor Standards Act---Retaliation	355	(1)
Fair Labor Standards Act---Administration and Enforcement	356	(4)
Prevailing Wage Laws	360	(3)
Restrictions on Garnishment	363	(1)
State Wage and Hour Regulation	364	(1)
Equal Pay Act---Overview	365	(2)
Equal Pay Act---Prima Facie Case	367	(4)
Equal Pay Act---Defenses	371	(5)
Equal Pay Act---Curing Violations	376	(2)
Equal Pay and Comparable Worth Under Title VII	378	(4)
ERISA---Overview and Coverage	382	(3)
ERISA---Structure	385	(2)
ERISA---Reporting and Disclosure	387	(2)
ERISA---Claims Procedures	389	(2)
ERISA---COBRA	391	(3)
ERISA---HIPAA	394	(3)
ERISA---Other Health Care Mandates	397	(2)
ERISA---Retiree Health Benefits	399	(3)
ERISA---Interference With Benefit Accrual	402	(4)
ERISA---Civil Enforcement of Benefit Rights	406	(4)
ERISA---Judicial Review of Fiduciary Decisions	410	(4)
ERISA---Preemption	414	(9)
Leaves of Absence---Federal Law---Family and Medical Leave	423	(6)
Leaves of Absence---Federal Law---Leaves for Military Service	429	(6)
Leaves of Absence---State Law	435	(2)
Jury Service Laws	437	(3)
Conditions of Employment	440	(50)
Introduction	440	(1)
Grooming and Appearance	441	(4)
Dress	445	(6)
Searches	451	(3)
Surveillance---Visual, Audio, and Video	454	(3)
Surveillance---Computer	457	(1)
Interrogation	458	(3)
Employment Records	461	(2)
Freedom of Expression	463	(5)
Freedom of Association	468	(2)
Political Activity	470	(6)
Other Off--Work Behavior	476	(4)
Invasion of Privacy	480	(10)
Occupational Safety and Health	490	(103)
Overview	491	(2)
Jurisdiction	493	(6)
State Plans and State Regulation	499	(3)
State Criminal Laws	502	(1)
Promulgation of Standards---Existing Standards	502	(2)
Promulgation of Standards---New Standards	504	(3)
Promulgation of Standards---Emergency Temporary Standards	507	(1)
Promulgation of Standards---Judicial Review	508	(1)
Compliance With Standards	508	(6)
Elements of a Violation	514	(3)
Defenses	517	(4)
General Duty Clause	521	(4)
Multi--Employer Responsibility	525	(2)
Recordkeeping	527	(5)
Employee Rights	532	(3)
Inspections	535	(2)
Inspection Warrants	537	(5)
Inspection Tour	542	(2)
Trade Secrets	544	(1)
Citations	545	(3)
Employer Contests	548	(3)
Employee Contests	551	(1)
Petitions for Modification of Abatement	552	(1)
Degrees of Violations	553	(7)
Penalties	560	(2)
Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission	562	(1)
Pleadings	562	(3)
Discovery	565	(4)
Hearing Procedures	569	(4)
Post--Hearing Procedure	573	(1)
Commission Review	573	(2)
Judicial Review	575	(3)
Federal Mine Safety and Health Act	578	(6)
Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Worker Protection Act	584	(2)
Common Law	586	(2)
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964	588	(1)
Americans with Disabilities Act	589	(1)
Admissibility of OSHA Violations and Standards	590	(3)
Workers' Compensation	593	(117)
Introduction	594	(1)
The Common Law Era	594	(3)
Liability Without Fault	597	(3)
Coverage	600	(4)
The Employment Relationship	604	(7)
Arising During the Course of Employment	611	(1)
Arising During the Course of Employment---Traveling to and From Work	611	(7)
Arising During the Course of Employment---The Personal Comfort Doctrine	618	(3)
Arising During the Course of Employment---Recreational and Social Activities	621	(2)
Arising During the Course of Employment---Traveling Employees	623	(1)
Arising During the Course of Employment---Horseplay and Employee Misconduct	624	(3)
Arising During the Course of Employment---Activities Beyond the Regular Duties	627	(4)
Arising During the Course of Employment---Pre--Hire and Post--Termination Injuries	631	(2)
Arising Out of Employment	633	(1)
Arising Out of Employment---Traditional Risk Concepts	634	(3)
Arising Out of Employment---Acts of Nature	637	(2)
Arising Out of Employment---Street Risks	639	(1)
Arising Out of Employment---Positional Risks	640	(2)
Arising Out of Employment---Personal Assaults	642	(2)
Arising Out of Employment---Personal Risks	644	(2)
Arising Out of Employment---Imported Risks	646	(1)
Arising Out of Employment---The Direct and Proximate Consequences	647	(4)
Causation	651	(10)
Occupational Disease	661	(8)
Occupational Disease---Special Police and Firefighter Provisions	669	(1)
Occupational Disease---Black Lung	669	(3)
Compensation---Medical Benefits	672	(2)
Compensation---Unscheduled Disability Benefits	674	(5)
Compensation---Scheduled Disability Benefits	679	(3)
Compensation---Second Injury Problems	682	(3)
Compensation---Calculating Wage Basis	685	(1)
Compensation---Death Benefits	686	(3)
Claims Administration	689	(2)
Claims Administration---Adjudication	691	(5)
Exclusivity and Exceptions	696	(4)
Exclusivity and Exceptions---Actions Against Employers	700	(2)
Exclusivity and Exceptions---Actions Against Third Parties	702	(2)
Subrogation, Third--Party Defenses, and Contribution Rights	704	(3)
Retaliation	707	(1)
Conflict of Laws	707	(3)
Covenants Not to Compete and Related Issues	710	(36)
Covenants Not to Compete---Generally	710	(6)
Employer Breach of Contract---Remedies Generally	716	(3)
Noncompetition Agreements When Employer Breaches---Employee Obligations	719	(3)
Employee Breach of Contract---Remedies Generally for Former Employer	722	(3)
Noncompetition Agreements When Employee Breaches---Generally	725	(4)
State Statutes Governing Noncompetition Agreements	729	(2)
Injunctions Against Competing Ex--Employees---Common Law Factors Generally	731	(2)
Injunctions Against Competing Ex--Employees---Circumstances of Making the Agreement	733	(2)
Reasonableness of Duration, Activity, and Geographic Limitation	735	(1)
Nonsolicitation Agreements	736	(3)
Injunctions Against the Use of Trade Secrets	739	(3)
Duty of Loyalty	742	(4)
Discharge	746	(81)
Introduction	746	(1)
Written Contracts	747	(2)
Employment Handbooks, Manuals, and Personnel Policies	749	(10)
Oral Contracts	759	(5)
Contracts Implied From Conduct	764	(1)
Implied Covenant of Good Faith and Fair Dealing	765	(5)
Constructive Discharge	770	(2)
Cause	772	(2)
Public Policy Exception---Generally	774	(3)
Public Policy Exception---Refusal to Perform Unlawful Act	777	(2)
Public Policy Exception---Exercise of a Right	779	(2)
Public Policy Exception---Reporting Illegal Activity	781	(3)
Public Policy Exception---Performance of a Duty	784	(1)
Employer Fraud	785	(3)
Abusive Discharge	788	(5)
Interference With the Employment Relationship	793	(2)
Statutory Protection---Federal Law	795	(2)
Statutory Protection---State Law	797	(4)
Federal Preemption	801	(7)
Preemption and Preclusion by State Statute	808	(3)
Preclusion by Prior Proceedings	811	(3)
Release and Waiver	814	(1)
Remedies	815	(8)
Procedural Due Process and Public Employment	823	(4)
Bankruptcy, Plant Closings, and Unemployment Compensation	827	(58)
Introduction	827	(1)
Bankruptcy---Generally	828	(4)
Bankruptcy---Priority for Unpaid Compensation and Benefits	832	(3)
Plant Closings and Mass Layoffs---State Laws	835	(3)
Plant Closings and Mass Layoffs---Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (WARN)	838	(5)
Unemployment Compensation---History and Financing	843	(1)
Unemployment Compensation---Included and Excluded Employers and Employees	844	(1)
Unemployment Compensation---Employment Relationship	845	(3)
Unemployment Compensation---Eligibility for Benefits	848	(1)
Unemployment Compensation---Able to and Available for Work	849	(3)
Unemployment Compensation---Discharge for Misconduct Connected With Employment	852	(8)
Unemployment Compensation---Voluntary Termination of Employment	860	(8)
Unemployment Compensation---Refusal to Accept Suitable Employment	868	(3)
Unemployment Compensation---Unemployed Due to a Labor Dispute	871	(8)
Unemployment Compensation---Procedure	879	(3)
Unemployment Compensation---Benefit Levels and Duration	882	(1)
Unemployment Compensation---Benefit Reductions and Repayment	883	(2)
Retirement	885	(46)
Introduction	885	(3)
ERISA---Coverage of Pension Plans	888	(3)
ERISA---Requirements for Pension Plans	891	(6)
ERISA---Survivor's Benefits	897	(2)
ERISA---Alienation of Benefits	899	(4)
ERISA---Fiduciary Duties	903	(8)
ERISA---Plan Insurance and Single Employer Plan Terminations	911	(5)
ERISA---Multiemployer Plan Termination	916	(6)
Age Discrimination in Pensions and Other Employee Benefits	922	(5)
Sex Discrimination in Pensions	927	(4)
Appendix: Researching Employment Law	931	(22)
Table of Cases	953	(30)
Table of Statutes	983	(14)
Index	997