The Encyclopaedia of Sports Medicine: An IOC Medical Commission Publication, Nutrition in Sport

by Maughan, Ronald J.

• ISBN13: 9780632050949
• ISBN10: 0632050942
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-04-07
• Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell

Summary

As sports have become more competitive over recent years researchers and trainers have been searching for new and innovative ways of improving performance. Ironically, an area as mundane as what an athlete eats can have profound effects on fitness, health and ultimately, performance in competition. Sports have also gained widespread acceptance in the therapeutic management of athletes with disorders associated with nutritional status. In addition, exercise has been one of the tools used for studying the control of metabolism, creating a wealth of scientific information that needs to be placed in the context of sports medicine and science. Nutrition in Sport provides an exhaustive review of the biochemistry and physiology of eating.The text is divided into three sections and commences with a discussion of the essential elements of diet, including sections on carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and trace elements, and drugs associated with nutrition. It also discusses athletes requiring special consideration, including vegetarians and diabetics.The second section considers the practical aspects of sports nutrition and discusses weight control (essential for sports with weight categories and athletes with eating disorders), the travelling athlete (where travel either disrupts established feeding patterns or introduces new hazards), environmental aspects of nutrition (including altitude and heat), and the role of sports nutritional products.

Table of Contents

List of Contributors	ix
Forewords	xiii
Preface	xv
Part 1: Nutrition and Exercise
Basic Exercise Physiology	3	(14)
H. G. Knuttgen
Biochemistry of Exercise	17	(22)
M. Gleeson
Exercise, Nutrition and Health	39	(14)
A. E. Hardman
Energy Costs of Exercise and Sport	53	(20)
H. J. Montoye
Dietary Carbohydrates	73	(12)
L. M. Burke
Carbohydrate Metabolism in Exercise	85	(12)
E. Hultman
P. L. Greenhaff
Optimization of Glycogen Stores	97	(15)
J. L. Ivy
Carbohydrate Replacement during Exercise	112	(7)
M. Hargreaves
Amino Acid Metabolism in Exercise	119	(14)
A. J. M. Wagenmakers
Effects of Exercise on Protein Metabolism	133	(20)
P. W. R. Lemon
Amino Acids, Fatigue and Immunodepression in Exercise	153	(18)
E. A. Newsholme
L. M. Castell
Nutrition, Neurotransmitters and Central Nervous System Fatigue	171	(13)
J. M. Davis
Fat Metabolism during Exercise	184	(8)
J. A. Hawley
A. E. Jeukendrup
F. Brouns
Adaptations to a High Fat Diet	192	(11)
B. Kiens
J. W. Helge
Temperature Regulation and Fluid and Electrolyte Balance	203	(13)
R. J. Maughan
E. R. Nadel
Effects of Dehydration and Rehydration on Performance	216	(10)
M. N. Sawka
W. A. Latzka
S. J. Montain
Water and Electrolyte Loss and Replacement in Exercise	226	(15)
R. J. Maughan
Gastrointestinal Function and Exercise	241	(15)
N. J. Rehrer
D. F. Gerrard
Rehydration and Recovery after Exercise	256	(10)
S. M. Shirreffs
Vitamins: Metabolic Functions	266	(15)
M. Fogelholm
Vitamins: Effects of Exercise on Requirements	281	(11)
J. Chen
Exercise-induced Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Nutrients	292	(26)
C. K. Sen
S. Roy
L. Packer
Minerals: Calcium	318	(8)
K. P. Aulin
Minerals: Iron	326	(13)
E. R. Eichner
Trace Minerals	339	(17)
P. M. Clarkson
Nutritional Ergogenic Aids	356	(11)
M. H. Williams
B. C. Leutholtz
Creatine	367	(12)
P. L. Greenhaff
Caffeine	379	(14)
L. L. Spriet
R. A. Howlett
Bicarbonate and Citrate	393	(12)
L. R. Mcnaughton
Alcohol in Sport	405	(12)
L. M. Burke
R. J. Maughan
Part 2: Special Considerations
The Female Athlete	417	(12)
K. A. Gabel
The Young Athlete	429	(13)
V. B. Unnithan
A. D. G. Baxter-Jones
The Vegetarian Athlete	442	(15)
J. R. Berning
The Diabetic Athlete	457	(12)
J. Jensen
B. Leighton
Part 3: Practical Issues
The Overweight Athlete	469	(15)
M. M. Manore
The Travelling Athlete	484	(8)
A. C. Grandjean
J. S. Ruud
Overtraining: Nutritional Intervention	492	(5)
H. Kuipers
Exercise at Climate Extremes	497	(13)
M. A. Febbraio
Eating Disorders in Athletes	510	(13)
J. Sundgot-Borgen
Sports Nutrition Products	523	(12)
R. Murray
Part 4: Sport-specific Nutrition
Springing	535	(15)
C. W. Nicholas
Distance Running	550	(12)
J. A. Hawley
E. -J. Schabort
T. D. Noakes
Cycling	562	(12)
A. E. Jeukendrup
Team Sports	574	(14)
J. Bangsbo
Gymnastics	588	(21)
D. Benardot
Swimming	609	(12)
R. L. Sharp
Weightlifting and Power Events	621	(11)
V. A. Rogozkin
Racquet Sports	632	(5)
M. Hargreaves
Weight Category Sports	637	(9)
J. H. Wilmore
Skating	646	(10)
A. C. Snyder
C. Foster
Cross-country Skiing	656	(7)
B. Ekblom
U. Bergh
Index	663