Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition

by Sadler, M. J.; Strain, James J.; Caballero, Benjamin

• ISBN13: 9780122266959
• ISBN10: 0122266951
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-06-01
• Publisher: Academic Pr

Summary

"This encyclopedia contains signed articles with bibliographies written by an international group of distinguished academics, research scientists, and food-industry professionals. The alphabetical entries cover the scientific, political, and social aspects of nutrition. Among the subjects included are individual nutrients and foods, anatomy and physiology, nutritional therapy for diseases and conditions, and subjects such as nutritional management of refugees, nutrition education, religious customs, and folklore. Appendixes with charts of weights and measures, nutritional allowances, and nutritional content of foods appear in each volume. In-depth coverage of the scientific, political, and social aspects of nutrition set this work apart from other reference sources in the field."--"Outstanding reference sources 2000", American Libraries, May 2000. Comp. by the Reference Sources Committee, RUSA, ALA.

Table of Contents

VOLUME 1
A	1	(155)
ACIDS see ELECTROLYTES: Acid Base Balance
ADAPTATION Overview of Adaptive Responses to Malnutrition	1	(5)
P S Shetty
ADIPOSE TISSUE Structure, Function and Metabolism of Adipose Tissue	6	(7)
R G Vernon
D J Flint
ADOLESCENTS	13	(16)
Dietary Habits and Nutritient Requirements	13	(8)
C H S Ruxton
M B E Livingstone
Nutritional Problems	21	(8)
M B E Livingstone
AGEING Biological Aspects	29	(6)
Y Barnett
AIDS see HIV DISEASE: Nutritional Management
ALCOHOL	35	(17)
Absorption, Metabolism and Physiological Effects	35	(7)
S D Poppitt
Disease Risk and Beneficial Effects	42	(5)
R Harding
Effects of Alcohol Consumption on Diet and Nutritional Status	47	(5)
B D'Avanzo
Carlo La Vecchia
ALCOHOLISM Effects on Nutritional Status	52	(7)
C J Seal
C L Ford
C P Day
ALUMINIUM Occurrence and Toxicity	59	(8)
N D Priest
AMINO ACIDS	67	(14)
Chemistry and Classification	67	(6)
P Emery
Metabolism	73	(8)
P Emery
ANAEMIA (ANEMIA)	81	(14)
Iron Deficiency Anaemia	81	(4)
S R Lynch
Megaloblastic Anaemia	85	(10)
J M Scott
Donald G Weir
ANTIOXIDANTS	95	(26)
Diet and Antioxidant Defence	95	(11)
J J Strain
I F F Benzie
Observational Epidemiology	106	(9)
I F F Benzie
Intervention Studies	115	(6)
J Michael Gaziano
APPETITE	121	(17)
Physiological and Neurobiological Aspects	121	(6)
J E Blundell
J C G Halford
Psychobiological and Behavioural Aspects	127	(11)
J Stubbs
A M Johnstone
J E Blundell
ARTHRITIS Dietary Aspects of Aetiology and Nutritional Management	138	(6)
Laura C Rall
R Roubenoff
ASCORBIC ACID	144	(12)
Physiology, Dietary Sources and Requirements	144	(7)
D A Bender
Scurvy	151	(5)
D McLaren
ATHEROSCLEROSIS see CHOLESTEROL: Sources, Absorption, Function and Metabolism; CORONARY HEART DISEASE: Prevention
B	156	(50)
B VITAMINS see COBALAMINS: Physiology, Dietary Sources and Requirements; NIACIN: Physiology, Dietary Sources and Requirements; PANTOTHENIC ACID: Physiology, Dietary Sources and Requirements; RIBOFLAVIN: Physiology; THIAMIN: Physiology; VITAMIN B(6): Physiology
BACTERIA see INFECTION: Nutritional Interactions; Nutritional Management; Nutritional Management of Measles and Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Children
BASES see ELECTROLYTES: Acid-Base Balance
BEER see ALCOHOL: Absorption, Metabolism and Physiological Effects; Disease Risk and Beneficial Effects; Effects of Alcohol Consumption on Diet and Nutritional Status
BEHAVIOUR Dietary Effects on Mood and Behaviour	156	(8)
P J Rogers
BERIBERI see THIAMIN: Beriberi
BIOAVAILABILITY Definition and General Aspects	164	(6)
S Fairweather-Tait
BIOTIN Physiology, Dietary Sources and Requirements	170	(7)
D M Mock
BLOOD LIPIDS/FATS see HYPERLIPIDAEMIA (HYPERLIPIDEMIA): Overview; LIPOPROTEINS: Physiology
BLOOD PRESSURE see HYPERTENSION: Physiology
BODY COMPOSITION Determination and Physiological Significance	177	(8)
J F Sutcliffe
G S Knight
BONE Composition, Metabolism and Bone Growth	185	(5)
B M Thomson
BRAIN AND NERVOUS SYSTEM Biology, Metabolism and Nutritional Requirements	190	(7)
C Greenwood
BREAST FEEDING see INFANTS: Milk-feeding and Weaning; LACTATION: Physiology; Dietary Requirements
BURNS PATIENTS Nutritional Management	197	(9)
S A Hill
C	206	(280)
CAFFEINE Chemistry and Physiological Effects	206	(8)
M J Arnaud
CALCIUM Physiology	214	(5)
L Allen
CALORIES see ENERGY: Energy Requirements; Energy Balance; Measurement of Energy Intake and Expenditure
CANCER	219	(48)
Epidemiology and Associations Between Diet and Cancer	219	(6)
G A Colditz
Robin E Blum
Epidemiology of Breast Cancer	225	(5)
Lenore Kohlmeier
Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer	230	(5)
S A Bingham
Epidemiology of Lung Cancer	235	(13)
A J Alberg
Jonathan M Samet
Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Cancers Other than Colorectal	248	(7)
B D Dimitrov
Diet in Cancer Treatment	255	(12)
C Shaw
Jacqueline Green
CARBOHYDRATES	267	(28)
Chemistry and Classification (including Dietary Fibre)	267	(10)
D A T Southgate
Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism	277	(6)
Ian Macdonald
Requirements and Dietary Importance	283	(6)
S Gatenby
Resistant Starch and Oligosaccharides	289	(6)
C Edwards
R Tester
CARCINOGENS Carcinogenic Substances in Food	295	(9)
D Anderson
J C Phillips
CAROTENES see CAROTENOIDS: Chemistry, Sources and Physiology; Epidemiology
CAROTENOIDS	304	(16)
Chemistry, Sources and Physiology	304	(10)
Norman I Krinsky
C L Rock
Epidemiology	314	(6)
M O'Neill
D I Thurnham
CATERING Nutritional Aspects	320	(9)
C Hunt
Ann West
CEREAL GRAINS Dietary Significance and Nutritional Value	329	(11)
R W Welch
CHEESE see DAIRY PRODUCTS: Nutritional Value
CHILDREN	340	(17)
Nutritional Problems of Preschool Children	340	(10)
E M Poskitt
Nutritional Requirements of School Children	350	(2)
Benjamin Caballero
Nutritional Problems of School Children	352	(5)
M Nelson
CHOLECALCIFEROL AND ERGOCALCIFEROL	357	(14)
Physiology, Dietary Sources and Requirements	357	(10)
M F Holick
Rickets and Osteomalacia	367	(4)
J J B Anderson
S U Toverud
S C Garner
CHOLESTEROL	371	(12)
Sources, Absorption, Function and Metabolism	371	(5)
Donald J McNamara
R Nicolosi
Factors Determining Blood Cholesterol Levels	376	(7)
S M Grundy
CHOLINE AND LECITHIN Physiology Steven H Zeisel	383	(5)
CHROMIUM Physiology, Dietary Sources and Requirements	388	(6)
R A Anderson
COBALAMINS Physiology, Dietary Sources and Requirements	394	(7)
Donald G Weir
J M Scott
COELIAC DISEASE Aetiology and Nutritional Management	401	(5)
M Stephen Murphy
COFACTORS	406	(21)
Organic Cofactors	406	(13)
Edward D Harris
Inorganic Confactors	419	(8)
Edward D Harris
COFFEE see CAFFEINE: Chemistry and Physiological Effects
COLON see GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT: Structure and Function of the Colon
COLONIC DISEASES AND DISORDERS Nutritional Management	427	(6)
D M Klurfeld
COMMUNITY NUTRITION Definition and Approaches	433	(9)
R Gross
Werner Schultink
A A Kielmann
COPPER Physiology, Dietary Sources and Requirements	442	(9)
M A Johnson
CORONARY HEART DISEASE	451	(21)
Lipid Theory of Coronary Heart Disease	451	(6)
D Kritchevsky
Barbara V Howard
Haemostatic Factors and Coronary Heart Disease	457	(5)
W Gilmore
Aetiology	462	(2)
A R Leeds
Prevention	464	(8)
M Thorogood
CYSTIC FIBROSIS Dietary Aspects and Nutritional Management	472	(7)
J Dowsett
CYTOKINES Nutritional Aspects	479	(7)
R Grimble
D	486
DAIRY PRODUCTS Nutritional Value	486	(7)
J Buttriss
DEHYDRATION Physiological Effects and Management	493	(10)
E W Askew
M J Luetkemeier
DENTAL DISEASE Aetiology and Epidemiology	503	(5)
R Cottrell
C O'Brien
DIABETES MELLITUS	508	(27)
Classification and Chemical Pathology	508	(8)
K C McCowen
R J Smith
Aetiology and Epidemiology	516	(6)
G A Hitman
Dietary Management	522	(8)
Christopher D Saudek
Gloria Elfert
Secondary Complications and Their Prevention	530	(5)
Briony Thomas
DIARRHOEAL (DIARRHEAL) DISEASES Nutritional Factors	535	(4)
A Majid Molla
A Ayesh Molla
DIETARY FIBRE (FIBER)	539	(18)
Physiological Effects and Effects on Absorption	539	(6)
I Johnson
Potential Role in the Aetiology of Disease	545	(7)
Lynne Cobiac
David L Topping
Role in Nutritional Management of Disease	552	(5)
A R Leeds
DIETARY GUIDELINES International Perspectives	557	(7)
L Stockley
DIETARY INTAKE MEASUREMENT	564	(14)
Methodology	564	(6)
S A Bingham
Validation	570	(8)
M Nelson
DIETARY SURVEYS	578	(15)
Surveys of National Food Intake	578	(7)
D H Buss
Surveys of Food Intake in Groups and Individuals	585	(8)
Jacqueline D Wright
Ronette R Briefel
Margaret A McDowell
DIETETICS The Role of Dietetics in Health Care	593	(6)
P A Judd
DIGESTIBILITY see BIOAVAILABILITY: Definition and General Aspects
DOWN SYNDROME Nutritional Aspects	599	(6)
M Collins
DRUGS Drug-Nutrient Interactions	605
B Caballero
Kim G Conner