Endocrine and Hormonal Toxicology Edited by Philip W. Harvey, Kevin C. Rush and Andrew Cockburn AgrEvo UK Ltd, Saffron Walden, UK This is the first book to consider the integrated role of the classical endocrine system and hormones (including those from tissues outside the classical endocrine system) in toxicological responses. Although focusing on the latest knowledge on endocrine glands as target organs and the mechanistic and molecular basis for toxicity in these organs, Endocrine and Hormonal Toxicology has been written to cover toxicological responses at the whole body level mediated by endocrine or hormonal mechanisms. This whole body, multi-organ approach significantly broadens the relevance of this volume to toxicologists. Following an introductory section on the types of endocrine toxicity including primary, secondary and indirect mechanisms, the next section deals with endocrine organs as toxicological targets. International contributions focus on the pituitary, thyroid and parathyroids, adrenals, testes, ovaries and the pancreas, and comparative endocrine carcinogenesis. A third section of the book develops the whole body approach, in which chapters are devoted to hormonal mechanisms of toxicity to the immune, nervous, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and reproductive systems, as well as to the liver, kidney and skin. The final section covers human and environmental health perspectives discussing endocrine disrupting chemicals, hormonal mechanisms in breast cancer and current regulatory trends in endocrine and hormonal toxicology. The comprehensive nature of Endocrine and Hormonal Toxicology makes it accessible to both specialist and general toxicologists, and to those within the fields of endocrinology, pharmacology and pathology.

Philip W. Harvey and Kevin C. Rush are the authors of Endocrine and Hormonal Toxicology, published by Wiley.

List of Contributors

ix

Preface

xiii

Introduction to Endocrine and Hormonal Toxicology

xv

Abbreviations

xxi

SECTION I AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO ENDOCRINE AND HORMONAL TOXICOLOGY

1

(12)

Endocrine and Hormonal Toxicology: An Integrated Mechanistic and Target Systems Approach

3

(10)

P.W. Harvey

K.C. Rush

A. Cockburn

SECTION II ENDOCRINE ORGANS AS TOXICOLOGICAL TARGETS

13

(156)

Pituitary Toxicology: Direct Toxicity, Secondary Changes and Effects on Distal Target Tissues

15

(18)

M.J. Tucker

Thyroid and Parathyroid Toxicology

33

(34)

C.C. Capen

Adrenal Toxicology

67

(24)

J.P. Hinson

P.W. Raven

Testicular Toxicology

91

(20)

S.C. Sikka

Ovarian Toxicology

111

(14)

B.J. Davis

R.R. Newbold

Pancreatic Toxicology

125

(30)

G.L. Wilson

D.S. Longnecker

Comparative Endocrine Carcinogenesis

155

(14)

C. Gopinath

SECTION III ENDOCRINE AND HORMONAL TOXICOLOGY: A TARGET SYSTEM APPROACH

169

(250)

Neuroendocrine and Pituitary Toxicity: Targets for Drug Action and Potential Consequences on Immune Function

171

(38)

J.G. Philip

C.D. John

G.E. Gillies

J.C. Buckingham

Hormonal Mechanisms in Neurotoxicity

209

(18)

M.P. Mattson

Hormonal Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Toxicity

227

(48)

D. Nunez

Hormonal Mechanisms in Gastrointestinal Toxicity

275

(16)

G. Betton

Hormonal Mechanisms in Kidney Toxicity

291

(18)

G. Healing

Hormonal Mechanisms in Liver Cancer

309

(18)

Y.P. Dragan

T.M. Poole

N.R. Drinkwater

Hormonal Mechanisms in Skin Toxicity

327

(28)

A.B.G. Lansdown

Hormonal Mechanisms in Male Reproductive Tract Toxicity

355

(52)

D.M. Creasy

Hormonal Mechanisms in Female Reproductive Tract Toxicity

407

(12)

R.R. Newbold

SECTION IV ENDOCRINE TOXICOLOGY: HUMAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES

419

(136)

Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals: The Evidence for Human Health Effects

421

(40)

C.D.N. Humfrey

L.L. Smith

Chemically-Induced Oesrogenic and Anti-Oestrogenic Activity: Structure-Depdendent Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Action

461

(26)

S.H. Safe

Hormonal Mechanisms in Breast Cancer

487

(20)

R.A. Walker

Current and Regulatory Trends in Endocrine and Hormonal Toxicology

507

(28)

A. Cockburn

K.-H. Leist

The Endocrine-disrupting Properties of Dixoin (TCDD): The Potential Role of the Adrenal Cortex and Glucocorticoid Receptor in Contributing to the Dioxin Toxicity Syndrome

535

(20)

P.W. Harvey

P. Malarkey

A. Cockburn

Index

555

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