List of Tables and Figures | |
Preface | |
Are We on Easter Island? | |
Easter Island | |
The Mathematics of Extinction | |
Progress Is Our Most Important Product | |
The Unremitting Rise in Population | |
The Case of Double Exponential Growth | |
A Lesson in Fish | |
From Hunting to Farming | |
Energy Depletion | |
Notes | |
Electricity and the Utility Industry | |
It Takes Energy to Make Energy | |
Energy for Electricity Generation | |
Enhancing Efficiency in Electricity Generation | |
Early History of Electricity | |
Generating Electricity | |
Generating Electricity Commercially | |
System Operation | |
Methods of Rate Regulation | |
Operating Models of an Era of Deregulation/Liberalization | |
Utility Pools | |
When Demand Exceeds Supply | |
The Real Lesson of California | |
Notes | |
Biomass | |
Yesterday's Fuel | |
Today's Fuel | |
China | |
India | |
Indonesia | |
Brazil | |
Biomass as a Motor Vehicle Fuel | |
Biomass for Electricity Generation | |
Biogas | |
Tomorrow's Fuel | |
Notes | |
Coal | |
The First Energy Crisis | |
The Origin and History of Coal | |
Coal and the Industrial Revolution | |
Coal and Railroads | |
Coal and Steel | |
The Rise and Gall of King Coal | |
Types of Coal | |
Coal Mining | |
Coal in the Twenty-first Century | |
Role of Coal Among the Major Consumers | |
The Case Against Coal | |
Clean-Coal Technologies | |
Eliminating Coal Not So Easy | |
Notes | |
The Story of Big Oil | |
History of Lighting | |
History of Oil | |
Enter John D. Rockefeller | |
Enter Marcus Samuel | |
Spindletop | |
Spindletop and Shell | |
The Emergence of Oil as a Strategically Vital Commodity | |
The Era of the Seven Sisters | |
Opening Up the Middle East | |
Early Attempts at Oil Price Controls | |
Enter Saudi Arabia and Kuwait | |
Exit the Key Players | |
Shareholders and Stakeholders | |
Development of Saudi Arabia's Oil Fields | |
The Shoes Begin to Fall | |
The Next Shoe to Fall | |
The Birth of OPEC | |
The 1973 Oil Crisis | |
The Era of High Oil Prices | |
The End of the Era of High Oil Prices | |
The Era of Moderate Oil Prices | |
It's Not Oil Prices Any More, It's Oil Security | |
Oil and Diplomacy | |
Oil and Environmentalists | |
The Role of Oil Companies After the Oil Crisis | |
A Changing World | |
Are Oil Companies' Margins All That Great? | |
The Future Role of Oil Companies | |
Notes | |
Oil | |
The Earth as an Oil Manufacturer | |
Formation of Oil | |
Oil Exploration | |
Drilling Rights | |
Drilling Equipment | |
Directional Drilling | |
Offshore Drilling Rigs | |
Evaluating a Well | |
Completing a Well | |
Moving the Oil to the Well | |
Maintaining Reservoir Pressure | |
Getting the Oil to a Refinery | |
Tankers and Barges | |
Oil Spills | |
Refining | |
Oil Reserves | |
Are We on the Downward Slippery Slope? | |
Comparison of Major Discoveries versus Consumption | |
Was 2004 a Watershed Year? | |
Synthetic Crude | |
Challenge of Oil: The Automobile | |
Vehicles That Use Alternative Fuels | |
Enhancing Engine Efficiency | |
Internalizing an Externality | |
Is This Politically Acceptable? | |
Notes | |
Natural Gas | |
Background | |
Early History of Coal Gas | |
History of Natural Gas | |
The Battle Over Lighting | |
Long-Distance Transmission | |
Federal Regulation | |
The War Years | |
Opening Up the Northeast | |
Last Stop Before Total Regulation | |
Unraveling Natural Gas Regulation | |
The Road to Deregulation | |
From Source to Consumer | |
Natural Gas as a Fuel | |
The European Version of Deregulation | |
LPG: Prelude to LNG | |
Liquefied Natural Gas | |
Organizing and Financing the LNG Supply Chain | |
LNG Carriers | |
LNG Pricing | |
The Future of LNG | |
Gas to Liquids (GTL) Technology | |
Methane from Coal | |
Methane from Shale | |
Methane Hydrates | |
Notes | |
Nuclear and HydroPower | |
Background | |
What Does a 1,000-Megawatt Plant Mean? | |
Physics of a Nuclear Reactor | |
Nuclear Incidents and Accidents | |
Three Mile Island Incident | |
Chernobyl | |
Weapons Proliferation | |
Disposal of Spent Fuel | |
Commercial Reactors | |
Fusion Power | |
Future of Nuclear Power | |
Hydropower | |
The Saga of the Hoover and the Glen Canyon Dams | |
Aswan High Dam | |
Notes | |
Sustainable Energy | |
The Meaning of Sustainability | |
Geothermal Energy | |
Wind Energy | |
Objections to Wind Power | |
Evaluating a Potential Site | |
Financial Incentives | |
Small Can Be Beautiful | |
Solar Energy | |
Thermal Solar Energy | |
Photovoltaic Energy | |
Economics of Solar Power | |
Ocean Energy | |
Sustainable Energy and Economic Development | |
A Sustainable Energy Action Plan | |
Notes | |
Looking Toward the Future | |
The Hydrogen Economy | |
Hydrogen Stores Electricity | |
Tomorrow's World of Hydrogen | |
Climate | |
Climatic Changes During Recorded History | |
Where is Climate Headed? | |
Carbon Dioxide Conundrum | |
Projecting the Future | |
The Environment | |
The U.S. Clean Air Acts | |
The Montreal Protocol | |
The Kyoto Protocol | |
Efficiency and Conservation | |
Energy Star Program | |
Light-Emitting Diodes | |
CAFE Standards | |
Notes | |
An Energy Strategy | |
Oil | |
An Unlikely Projection | |
Scarcity Playing Itself Out | |
Increasing Supply | |
Decreasing Demand | |
Internalizing and Externality | |
A Plan to Get Out of the Middle East | |
Pollution | |
We Need Time | |
Notes | |
Index | |
About the Author | |
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