Energy And Environment In The Transition Economies: Between Cold War And Global Warming

by Chandler,William

• ISBN13: 9780813338125
• ISBN10: 0813338123
• Format: Nonspecific Binding
• Copyright: 2000-09-22
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

Energy and environmental issues in the former Soviet sphere rank as global policy priorities for three reasons. First, civilian application of military nuclear materials multiplies the threat of terrorism. Second, Russian and Caspian oil resources affect world markets, Western energy security, and regional stability. Third, climate change may become a global challenge commensurate with the Cold War, and the transition economies--the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe--offer the world's largest and cheapest near-term opportunities for curbing greenhouse gas emissions. Yet, the region remains unprepared to deal with these issues, and Western assistance has failed to help. A "second generation" of reform efforts is needed, led from within, but supported by the West. InEnergy and Environmental Policies in the Transition EconomiesWilliam Chandler synthesizes disparate, specialized analyses and publications. He draws on a relatively large body of research on energy technology, oil and gas markets, geopolitics, finance, economic reform, and environmental science specific to Russia, eastern Europe, and the transition economies. In successive chapters Chandler reviews energy use, energy efficiency, nuclear safety and security, petroleum geoeconomics, coal, utility monopoly and competition, and environmental and climatic change in the former Soviet Union and Central and Eastern Europe. Chandler also considers options for a "second generation" of reform efforts. The subject matter of the book is significant not only for the energy and environmental policies themselves, important though they are, but because those policies in turn affect regional political stability and Western energy security.Energy and Environmental Policies in the Transition Economieswill be of considerable interest to policymakers in government, to private-sector actors, to academic scholars, and to students of international energy and environmental politics.

Author Biography

William Chandler is senior staff scientist and director of Advanced International Studies at Battelle Memorial Institute's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Table of Contents

List of Illustrations	vii
Preface	xi
List of Acronyms	xiii
Energy and Change	1	(22)
At Stake	2	(5)
After the Fall	7	(7)
Reform and Energy Intensity	14	(4)
Conclusions	18	(5)
End-Use Efficiency	23	(32)
Buildings	23	(3)
Industry	26	(4)
Trnasportation	30	(2)
Technology Cost Analysis	32	(2)
Poland	34	(1)
Czech Republic	35	(2)
Russia	37	(4)
Ukraine	41	(1)
Other Countries	42	(1)
Frontier Financing	43	(6)
Conclusions	49	(6)
Nuclear Safety and Security	55	(38)
Soviet Reactor Technology	57	(10)
Aiding Nuclear Power	67	(7)
Civilian Nuclear Security and the Military	74	(11)
Conclusions	85	(8)
Petroleum Geoeconomics	93	(46)
Shifting Caspian Fortunes	95	(7)
The Caspian	102	(6)
Russian Gas	108	(2)
Pipeline Geopolitics	110	(6)
Reform	116	(8)
Environment	124	(4)
Conclusions	128	(11)
Coal and Reform	139	(18)
Coal's Decline	141	(2)
Mining Technology	143	(2)
Coal Pollution	145	(5)
Reform	150	(3)
Conclusions	153	(4)
Utility Monopoly and Competition	157	(25)
Highly Charged Reform	158	(11)
District Heating	169	(3)
Advanced Power Technology and Generation	172	(4)
Conclusions	176	(6)
Environmental and Climate Change	182	(31)
Elements of Climate Change	184	(4)
The Euro-Siberian Climate	188	(5)
Energy Projections, Climate Forecasts	193	(13)
Beyond Kyoto	206	(2)
Conclusions	208	(5)
The Second Generation of Reform	213	(10)
End of the Beginning	213	(1)
Reforming Aid to Reform	214	(3)
The Next Generation	217	(6)
Appendix: Energy Conversions	223	(2)
Index	225