The Enjoyment of Music: An Introduction to Perceptive Listening

by MacHlis, Joseph; Forney, Kristine

• ISBN13: 9780393982886
• ISBN10: 0393982882
• Edition: 8th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-02-01
• Publisher: W W Norton & Co Inc

Table of Contents

Part 1 The Materials of Music
Unit I The Elements of Music	1	(32)
Melody: Musical Line	1	(5)
Defining Melody
Defining Melody
Characteristics of Melody
The Structure of Melody
Listening Activity: Melody
Rhythm: Musical Time	6	(6)
Metrical Patterns
Listening Activity: Rhythm
Harmony: Musical Space	12	(5)
The Function of Harmony
The Organization of Harmony
Consonance and Dissonance
Listening Activity: Harmony
Musical Texture	17	(6)
Types oil Texture
Contrapuntal Devices
Musical Texture and the Listener
Listening Activity: Texture
Musical Form	23	(6)
Structure and Design in Music
Two-Part and Three-Part Form
The Building Blocks of Form
Listening Activity: Form
Tempo and Dynamics	29	(4)
The Pace of Music
Loudness and Softness
Tempo and Dynamics as Elements of Musical Expression
Listening Activity: Tempo and Dynamics
Unit II Musical Instruments and Ensembles	33	(34)
Musical Instruments I	33	(4)
Properties of Musical Sound
The Voice as a Model for Instrumental Sound
The World of Musical Instruments
Listening Activity: Voices
Musical Instruments II	37	(13)
String Instruments
Woodwind Instruments
Brass Instruments
Percussion Instruments
Other Instruments
Listening Activity: Instruments
Musical Ensembles	50	(11)
Choral Groups
Instrumental Chamber Ensembles
The Orchestra
Concert, Jazz, and Rock Bands
The Role of the Conductor
The Orchestra in Action
LG 1: Benjamin Britten's The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra
Style and Function of Music in Society	61	(6)
Transition I: Hearing Musical Styles	64	(3)
The Concept of Style
Musical Styles in History
Part 2 The Nineteenth Century
Unit III The Romantic Movement	67	(10)
The Spirit of Romanticism	67	(3)
Romanticism in Music	70	(7)
Romantic Style Traits
The Musician in Society
Unit IV The Nineteenth-Century Art Song	77	(17)
To Romantic Song	77	(2)
Types of Song Structure
The Lied
Schubert and the Lied	79	(6)
His Life and Music
LG 2: Erlking
Robert Schumann and the Song Cycle	85	(4)
His Life and Music
LG 3: A Poet's Love
Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel and Romantic Song	89	(5)
Her Life and Music
LG 4: Mountain Yearning
Unit V The Nineteenth-Century Piano Piece	94	(19)
The Piano and Its Literature	94	(2)
The Short Lyric Piano Piece
Chopin and Piano Music	96	(6)
His Life and Music
LG 5: Polonaise in A-flat, Op. 53
LG 6: Prelude in B minor, Op. 28, No. 4
Liszt and the Rise of the Performer/Composer	102	(6)
His Life and Music
LG 7: The Little Bell
Clara Schumann: Pianist and Composer	108	(5)
Her Life and Music
LG 8: Scherzo, Op. 10
Unit VI Romantic Program Music	113	(17)
The Nature of Program Music	113	(2)
Varieties of Program Music
Berlioz and the Program Symphony	115	(7)
His Life and Music
LG 9: Symphonic fantastique
Musical Nationalism	122	(8)
A Czech Nationalist: Bedrich Smetana
LG 10: The Moldau
CP 1: Music and Nationalism
Other Nationalists
Unit VII Absolute Forms in the Nineteenth Century	130	(30)
The Romantic Symphony	130	(6)
The Nature of the Symphony
LG 11: Brahms's Symphony No. 3 in F major
Dvorak as a Symphonist	136	(7)
His Life and Music
LG 12: The New World Symphony
CP 2: Dvorak's Influence on African-American Art Music
The Romantic Concerto	143	(3)
The Nature of the Concerto
Virtuosity and the Concerto
Felix Mendelssohn and the Concerto	146	(4)
His Life and Music
LG 13: Violin Concerto in E minor
Amy Beach and Classical Composition in America	150	(10)
Her Life and Music
LG 14: Violin Sonata in A minor
CP 3: Women and Music: A Feminist Issue
Unit VIII Choral and Dramatic Music in the Nineteenth Century	160	(51)
Romantic Choral Music	160	(2)
Brahms and Choral Music	162	(5)
His Life and Music
LG 15: A German Requiem
Romantic Opera	167	(4)
The Components of Opera
The Development of National Styles
Women in Opera
Verdi and Italian Opera	171	(10)
His Life and Music
LG 16: Rigoletto
Wagner and the Music Drama	181	(9)
His Life and Music
LG 17: Die Walkure
Exoticism in Opera	190	(10)
Georges Bizet: His Life and Music
LG 18: Carmen
CP 4: The Lure of Spain
Late Romantic Opera	200	(4)
Ruggero Leoncavallo: His Life and Music
LG 19: Pagliacci
Tchaikovsky and the Ballet	204	(7)
Ballet--Past and Present
Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky: His Life and Music
LG 20: The Nutcracker
Part 3 More Materials of Music
Unit IX The Organizations of Musical Sounds	211	(11)
Musical Systems	211	(6)
The Miracle of the Octave
The Formation of Major and Minor Scales
Chmromaticism
Other Scale Types
Aspects of the Major-Minor System	217	(5)
Transposition
Modulation
Active and Rest Chords
The Key as a Form-Building Element
Listening Activity: Key
Unit X Focus on Form	222	(11)
The Development of Musical Ideas	222	(3)
Listening Activity: Thematic Development
The Sonata Cycle	225	(8)
The First Movement
The Second Movement
The Third Movement
The Fourth Movement
The Sonata Cycle as a Whole
Listening Activity: Sonata Cycle
Part 4 Eighteenth-Century Classicism
Unit XI The Classical Spirit	233	(9)
Classicism in the Arts	233	(4)
Classicism in Music	237	(5)
Elements of Classical Style
The Patronage System
CP 5: Concert Life in the Americas: Then and Now
Unit XII Classical Chamber Music	242	(12)
Eighteenth-Century Chamber Music Style	242	(5)
The String Quartet
LG 21: Haydn's String Quartet, Op. 76, No. 2 (Quinten)
Mozart and Chamber Music	247	(7)
His Life and Music
LG 22: Eine kleine Nachtmusik
Unit XIII The Classical Symphony	254	(23)
The Nature of the Symphony	254	(5)
Historical Background
The Classical Orchestra
The Movements of the Symphony
LG 23: Mozart's Symphony No. 40 in G minor
Haydn and The Symphony	259	(6)
His Life and Music
LG 24: Symphony No. 94 in G major (Surprise)
Beethoven and the Symphony in Transition	265	(12)
His Life and Music
LG 25: Symphony No. 5 in C minor
CP 6: The Composer Heard 'round the World
Unit XIV The Eighteenth-Century Concerto and Sonata	277	(20)
The Classical Concerto	277	(10)
The Movements of the Concerto
LG 26: Mozart's Piano Concerto in G major, K. 453
LG 27: Beethoven's Violin Concerto in D major
Famous Women Virtuosos of the Eighteenth Century
The Classical Sonata	287	(10)
The Movements of the Sonata
CP 7: East Meets West: Turkish Influences on the Viennese Classics
LG 28: Mozart's Piano Sonata in A major, K. 331
LG 29: Beethoven's Piano Sonata in C minor, Op. 13 (Pathetique)
Unit XV Choral Music and Opera in the Classical Era	297	(26)
Sacred Choral Music	297	(5)
Mass, Requiem, and Oratorio
LG 30: Haydn's Creation
Classical Opera	302	(21)
Opera Types
LG 31: Mozart's Comic Opera The Marriage of Figaro
Transition II: From Classicism to Romanticism
LG 32: Schubert's The Trout: Lied and Piano Quintet	315	(8)
Part 5 Medieval and Renaissance Music
Unit XVI The Middle Ages	323	(33)
The Culture of the Middle Ages	323	(4)
CP 8: Music of the Muses
Sacred Music in the Middle Ages	327	(15)
The Mass
A Gregorian Melody: Haec dies
The Rise of Polyphony: The Notre Dame School
The Early Medieval Motet
LG 33: Gregorian Chant, Organum, and Motet: Haec dies
Life in the Medieval Cloister
CP 9: Influences on the Early Christian Church
Hildegard of Bingen and Medieval Religious Drama
LG 34: The Play of the Virtues
Secular Music in the Middle Ages	342	(14)
Medieval Minstrels
CP 10: Opening Doors to the East
Moniot d'Arras and the Trouvere Tradition
LG 35: Ce fut en mai
Guillaume de Machaut and the French Ars Nova
LG 36: Puis qu'en oubli
Early Instrumental Music
LG 37: Royal estampie No. 4
Unit XVII The Renaissance	356	(33)
The Renaissance Spirit	356	(7)
The Arts in the Renaissance
CP 11: When the Old World Meets the New World
Musicians in Renaissance Society
Renaissance Musical Style
Renaissance Sacred Music	363	(11)
The Early Renaissance Mass
Du Fay and the Cantus Firmus Mass
LG 38: L'homme arme Mass
The Motet in the Renaissance
Josquin Desprez and the Motet
LG 39: Ave Maria...virgo serena
The High Renaissance Mass
LG 40: Palestrina and the Pope Marcellus Mass
Renaissance Secular Music	374	(15)
Music in Court and City Life
The Chanson
LG 41: A Burgundian Chanson: Il sera pour vous / L'homme arme
Instrumental Dance Music
The Italian Madrigal
Monteverdi and the Madrigal
LG 42: A un giro sol
The English Madrigal
LG 43: John Farmer's Fair Phyllis
Transition III: From Renaissance to Baroque
Polychoral Music in Venice
Giovanni Gabrieli and the Polychoral Motet
LG 44: O quam suavis	385	(4)
Part 6 The Baroque Era
Unit XVIII The Baroque and the Arts	389	(13)
The Baroque Spirit	389	(6)
CP 12: Music and the Religious Spirit in the New World
Main Currents in Baroque Music	395	(7)
Origins of the Monodic Style
New Harmonic Structures
Baroque Musical Style
The Rise of the Virtuoso Musician
The Doctrine of the Affections
Women in Baroque Music
Internationalism
Unit XIX Vocal Music of the Baroque	402	(29)
Baroque Opera	402	(10)
Monteverdi and Early Baroque Opera
LG 45: The Coronation of Poppea
Opera in France
Opera in England
Henry Purcell: His Life and Music
LG 46: Dido and Aeneas
Handel and Late Baroque Opera
Bach and The Cantata	412	(11)
The Lutheran Chorale
Johann Sebastian Bach: His Life and Music
LG 47: Cantata No. 80: A Mighty Fortress Is Our God
Handel and the Oratorio	423	(8)
The Oratorio
George Frideric Handel: His Life and Music
LG 48: Messiah
Unit XX Instrumental Music of the Baroque	431	(50)
The Baroque Concerto	431	(12)
The Rise of Instrumental Music
Baroque Instruments
Concerto Types
Antonio Vivaldi: His Life and Music
LG 49: The Four Seasons
Bach and the Late Baroque Concerto
LG 50: Brandenburg Concerto No. 2
The Baroque Suite	443	(8)
Jacquet de la Guerre: Her Life and Music
LG 51: Pieces for Harpsichord
Handel and the Orchestral Suite
LG 52: Water Music
Other Instrumental Forms	451	(30)
Sonata, Passacaglia, and Overture
Keyboard Forms
Bach and the Chorale Prelude
LG 53: A Mighty Fortress Is Our God
The Fugue and Its Devices
LG 54: Bach's Prelude and Fugue in C minor
Transition IV: To the Age of Enlightenment
The Rococo and the Age of Sensibility
The Changing Opera
LG 55: John Gay's The Beggar's Opera
Gluck and Opera Reform	460	(9)
Part 7 The Twentieth Century
Transition V: The Post-Romantic Era
Gustav Mahler: His Life and Music
LG 56: The Song of the Earth
Richard Strauss: His Life and Music
LG 57: Der Rosenkavalier	469	(12)
Unit XXI The Impressionist and Post-Impressionist Eras	481	(20)
Debussy and Impressionism	481	(13)
The Impressionist Painters
The Symbolist Poets
Impressionism in Music
Claude Debussy: His Life and Music
LG 58: Prelude to ``The Afternoon of a Faun''
CP 13: The Paris World Exhibition of 1889: A Cultural Awakening
Ravel and Post-Impressionism	494	(7)
His Life and Music
LG 59: Spanish Rhapsody
Unit XXII The Early Twentieth Century	501	(36)
Main Currents in Early-Twentieth-Century Music	501	(4)
The Reaction Against Romanticism
New Trends in the Arts
Expressionism
The New Classicism
New Elements of Musical Style	505	(5)
The New Rhythmic Complexity
The New Melody
The New Harmony
Texture: Dissonant Counterpoint
Orchestration
New Conceptions of Form
Stravinsky and the Revitalization of Rhythm	510	(9)
His Life and Music
LG 60: Petrushka
CP 14: Petrushka and Russian Folk Traditions
Schoenberg and the Second Viennese School	519	(6)
His Life and Music
LG 61: Pierrot lunaire
Berg and Early-Twentieth-Century Opera	525	(7)
His Life and Music
LG 62: Wozzeck
Webern and Serial Technique	532	(5)
His Life and Music
LG 63: Symphony, Op. 21
Unit XXIII Twentieth-Century Nationalism	537	(33)
The European Scene	537	(16)
National Schools
Sergei Prokofiev: His Life and Music
LG 64: Alexander Nevsky
Bela Bartok: His Life and Music
LG 65: Concerto for Orchestra
CP 15: Bartok--a Roving Collector of Folk Songs
The American Scene	553	(17)
Popular Music in Late-Nineteenth-Century America
Charles Ives: His Life and Music
LG 66: The Things Our Fathers Loved
CP 16: Music and the Patriotic Spirit
Aaron Copland: His Life and Music
LG 67: Billy the Kid
CP 17: Copland Looks to the Wild West and South of the Border
Unit XXIV Popular Styles	570	(49)
Blues and Early Jazz	570	(14)
Scott Joplin and Ragtime
LG 68: Maple Leaf Rag
Blues and New Orleans Jazz
Louis Armstrong and the Blues
LG 69: Lillian Hardin's Hotter Than That
Duke Ellington and the Big Band Era
LG 70: Ko-Ko
CP 18: The Roots of Jazz
Later Jazz Styles and Performers
Two Great Jazz Singers: Bessie Smith and Billie Holiday
Musical Theater	584	(15)
The Development of American Musical Theater
Rodgers and Hart and the American Musical Stage
LG 71: My Funny Valentine
Leonard Bernstein and the Broadway Musical
LG 72: West Side Story
CP 19: Latin-American Dance Music
Rock and The Global Scene	599	(20)
The Eclecticism of the 1970s
The 1980s and Beyond
World Beat
The Chieftains and Irish Traditional Music
LG 73: The Wind That Shakes the Barley
CP 20: The Sounds of World Beat
LG 74: Kangivumanga (I Disagreed), by Ladysmith Black Mambazo
Unit XXV The New Music	619	(71)
New Directions	619	(15)
The Arts since Mid-Century
Toward Greater Organization in Music
Toward Greater Freedom in Music
CP 21: Music for Films
The Internationalism of the New Music
Other Voices of the New Music
CP 22: Canada's Vision for a Global Culture
The New Virtuosity of the Modern Age	634	(12)
Virtuoso Women Singers of the Twentieth Century
Olivier Messiaen and the Postwar Era
LG 75: Quartet for the End of Time
Pierre Boulez and the French Avant-Garde
LG 76: The Hammer Without a Master
Witold Lutoslawski and Aleatoric Music
LG 77: Venetian Games
Contemporary Composers and Non-Western Styles	646	(22)
Important Experimenters
The Music of John Cage
Multicultural Influences in Contemporary Society
LG 78: George Crumb's Ancient Voices of Children
LG 79: Gyorgy Ligeti's Etudes for Piano
Music from Eastern Africa
LG 80: Ensiriba ya munange Katego
CP 23: East Meets West: The Composer's Perspective
LG 81: Chinary Ung's Spiral
An Introduction to Chinese Traditional Music
LG 82: Abing's The Moon Reflected on the Second Springs
Technology and Music	668	(8)
The Technological Revolution
CP 24: Music and the World of Technology
Important Figures in Electronic Music
LG 83: Paul Lansky's Notjustmoreidlechatter
Other Recent Trends	676	(14)
The New Romanticism
Libby Larsen and Quotation Music
LG 84: Symphony: Water Music
Minimalism and Post-Minimalism
LG 85: Steve Reich's City Life
Coda	690
Appendices
I. Musical Notation	A-1	(5)
II. Glossary	A-6	(15)
III. Attending Concerts	A-21	(6)
IV. Chronology	A-27	(14)
Acknowledgments	A-41	(4)
Index	A-45	(25)
World Map	A-70