The Environmental Ethics and Policy Book Philosophy, Ecology, Economics

by Van DeVeer, Donald; Pierce, Christine

• ISBN13: 9780534561888
• ISBN10: 0534561888
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-06-24
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

Prologue: World Scientists'' Warning to Humanity. I. AN INTRODUCTION TO ETHICAL THEORY. 1. Moral Argument and Ethical Theory. 2. Influential Ideas and Theories. II. WESTERN RELIGIOUS AND CULTURAL PERSPECTIVES. 3. Preview. 4. The Historic Roots of Our Ecologic Crisis, Lynn White, Jr. 5. For God So Loved the World, Andrew Linzey. 6. Judaism and the Environment, Robert Gordis. 7. Stewardship vs. Exploitation, Robin Attfield. 8. The World as God''s Body, Sallie McFague. 9. Of God and Pelicans, Jay B. McDaniel. 10. Everyone Needs a Stone: Alternative Views of Nature, Nina Rosenstand. 11. Traditional Ecological Knowledge, R.E. Johannes. 12. Why Bad Things Happened to Good Creatures, David P. Barash. III. THE OTHER ANIMALS. 13. Preview. 14. Good Natured---The Orgins of Right and Wrong in Humans and Other Animals, Frans de Waal. 15. Animal Liberation, Peter Singer. 16. The Case for Animal Rights, Tom Regan. 17. Interspecific Justice, Donald VanDeVeer. 18. The Prospect for Consensus and Convergence in the Animal Rights Debate, Gary Varner. 19. The Little Things That Runs the World, E.O. Wilson. 20. Sidelight: Parachuting Cats and Interconnectedness. IV. CONSTRUCTING AN ENVIRONMENTAL ETHIC. A. The Broader, Biotic Community. 21. Preview. 22. On Being Morally Considerable, Kenneth Goodpaster. 23. Should Trees Have Standing?---Toward Legal Rights for Natural Objects, Christopher Stone. 24. The Ethics of Respect for Nature, Paul Taylor. 25. The Land Ethic, Aldo Leopold. 26. The Conceptual Foundations of the Land Ethic, J. Baird Callicott. 27. Marine Environmental Ethics, Elliot Norse. 28. Integration or Reduction: Two Approaches to Environmental Values, Bryan Norton. B. Deep Ecology and Social Ecology. 29. Preview. 30. Deep Ecology, Bill Devall and George Sessions. 31. Self-Realization: An Ecological Approach to Being in the World, Arne Naess. 32. Will Ecology Become "The Dismal Science?", Murray Bookchin. 33. Sidelight: Do What''s Natural, You Say? C. Ecofeminism. 34. Preview. 35. The Power and Promise of Ecological Feminism, Karen J. Warren. 36. Development, Ecology, and Women, Vandana Shiva. 37. How Feminism is Ecofeminism?, Victoria Davion. V. ECONOMICS, ETHICS, AND ECOLOGY. A. Letting the Market Decide. 38. Preview. 39. The Ethical Basis of the Economic View of the Environment, A. Myrick Freeman III. 40. At the Shrine of Our Lady Fatima, or Why Political Questions Are Not All Economic, Mark Sagoff. B. Cost-Benefit Analysis. 41. Preview. 42. Cost-Benefit Analysis: An Ethical Critique, Stephen Kelman. 43. Cost-Benefit Analysis Defended, Herman B. Leonard and Richard J. Zeckhauser. 44. Sidelight: Cost-Benefit Analysis: A Tool for All Seasons? 45. Earth in the Balance Sheet, Robert Repetto. C. From the Commons to Property. 46. Preview. 47. The Tragedy of the Commons, Garrett Hardin. 48. The Tragedy of Enclosure, George Monbiot. 49. The Creation of Property, John Locke. 50. Property Rights in Natural Resources, Kristin Shrader-Frechette. 51. Takings, Just Compensation, and the Environment, Mark Sagoff. D. Human Population and Pressure on "Resour ces". 52. Preview. 53. An Essay on Principle of Population, Thomas Robert Malthus. 54. Sidelight: If Earth Could Speak. 55. Lifeboat Ethics, Garrett Hardin. 56. Can the Supply of Resources Really Be Infinite? Yes!, Julian Simon. 57. Population, Poverty, and the Local Environment, Partha S. Dasgupta. E. Future Generations and Sustainability Questions. 58. Preview. 59. Future Generations, Ernest Partridge. 60. Sidelight: The Nuclear Train to the Future, Richard (Routley) Sylvan and Val (Routley) Plumwood. 61. Sustainability: An Economist''s Perspective, Robert M. Solow. 62. Sustainability, Rober M. Goodin. VI. ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS AND POLICIES. A. Preserving Biodiversity. 63. Preview. 64. The Diversity of Life, E.O. Wilson. 65. What Is a Species?, Stephen Jay Gould. 66. What do Species Matter?, Lilly-Marlene Russow. 67. Why Species Matter, Holmes Rolston III. B. Food and Agriculture. 68. Preview. 69. A

Table of Contents

Preface to the Third Edition	xi
Introduction	xvii
Prologue: World Scientists' Warning to Humanity	xxvii
An Introduction to Ethical Theory	1	(42)
Moral Argument and Ethical Theory	1	(15)
Distinguishing Moral and Empirical Claims	1	(4)
Justification, Explanation, Prediction, and Description	5	(2)
Moral Argument: The Interplay of Moral and Empirical Claims	7	(4)
Harm and Benefit	11	(3)
Evaluating Ethical Theories	14	(2)
Influential Ethical Ideas and Theories	16	(27)
From Ethical Egoism to Social Darwinism	16	(2)
The Divine Command Theory	18	(2)
Rights Theories	20	(4)
Utilitarianism	24	(3)
Utilitarianism and Economic Theory	27	(3)
Natural Law Theory	30	(3)
The Influence of Kant	33	(1)
Environmental Justice	34	(3)
The Idea of a Unique Environmental Ethic	37	(6)
Western Religious and Cultural Perspectives	43	(71)
Preview	43	(9)
The Historic Roots of Our Ecologic Crisis	52	(6)
Lynn White, Jr.
For God so Loved the World	58	(4)
Dr. Andrew Linzey
Judaism and the Environment	62	(4)
Robert Gordis
Stewardship versus Exploitation	66	(5)
Robin Attfield
The World as God's Body	71	(18)
Sallie McFague
Of God and Pelicans	89	(10)
Jay B. McDaniel
Everyone Needs a Stone: Alternative Views of Nature	99	(10)
Nina Rosenstand
Traditional Ecological Knowledge	109	(2)
R. E. Johannes
Why Bad Things Have Happened to Good Creatures	111	(3)
David P. Barash
The Other Animals	114	(60)
Preview	114	(8)
Good Natured---The Origins of Right and Wrong in Humans and Other Animals	122	(13)
Frans de Waal
Animal Liberation	135	(8)
Peter Singer
The Case for Animal Rights	143	(7)
Tom Regan
Interspecific Justice	150	(13)
Donald VanDeVeer
The Prospects for Consensus and Convergence in the Animal Rights Debate	163	(6)
Gary E. Varner
The Little Things That Run the World	169	(3)
Edward O. Wilson
Sidelight: Parachuting Cats and Interconnectedness	172	(2)
Constructing an Environmental Ethic	174	(137)
The Broader, Biotic Community	174	(85)
Preview	174	(9)
On Being Morally Considerable	183	(6)
Kenneth E. Goodpaster
Should Trees Have Standing?---Toward Legal Rights for Natural Objects	189	(12)
Christopher D. Stone
The Ethics of Respect for Nature	201	(14)
Paul W. Taylor
The Land Ethic	215	(9)
Aldo Leopold
The Conceptual Foundations of the Land Ethic	224	(14)
J. Baird Callicott
Marine Environmental Ethics	238	(2)
Elliot Norse
Integration or Reduction: Two Approaches to Environmental Values	240	(19)
Bryan G. Norton
Deep Ecology and Social Ecology	259	(20)
Preview	259	(4)
Deep Ecology	263	(5)
Bill Devall
George Sessions
Self-Realization: An Ecological Approach to Being in the World	268	(5)
Arne Naess
Will Ecology Become ``The Dismal Science?''	273	(4)
Murray Bookchin
Sidelight: Do What's Natural, You Say?	277	(2)
Ecofeminism	279	(32)
Preview	279	(3)
The Power and Promise of Ecological Feminism	282	(14)
Karen J. Warren
Development, Ecology, and Women	296	(7)
Vandana Shiva
How Feminist Is Ecofeminism?	303	(8)
Victoria Davion
Economics, Ethics, and Ecology	311	(140)
Letting the Market Decide	311	(25)
Preview	311	(7)
The Ethical Basis of the Economic View of the Environment	318	(9)
A. Myrick Freeman III
At the Shrine of Our Lady of Fatima, or Why Political Questions Are Not All Economic	327	(9)
Mark Sagoff
Cost--Benefit Analysis	336	(23)
Preview	336	(5)
Cost--Benefit Analysis: An Ethical Critique	341	(6)
Steven Kelman
Cost--Benefit Analysis Defended	347	(3)
Herman B. Leonard
Richard J. Zeckhauser
Sidelight: Cost-Benefit Analysis: Tool for All Seasons?	350	(2)
Earth in the Balance Sheet	352	(7)
Robert Repetto
From the Commons to Property	359	(30)
Preview	359	(5)
The Tragedy of the Commons	364	(9)
Garrett Hardin
The Tragedy of Enclosure	373	(1)
George Monbiot
The Creation of Property	374	(3)
John Locke
Property Rights in Natural Resources	377	(1)
Kristin Shrader-Frechette
Takings, Just Compensation, and the Environment	378	(11)
Mark Sagoff
Human Population and Pressure on ``Resources''	389	(30)
Preview	389	(8)
An Essay on the Principle of Population	397	(4)
Thomas Robert Malthus
Sidelight: If Earth Could Speak	401	(1)
Lifeboat Ethics	402	(6)
Garrett Hardin
Can the Supply of Natural Resources Really Be Infinite? Yes!	408	(6)
Julian Simon
Population, Poverty and the Local Environment	414	(5)
Partha S. Dasgupta
Future Generations and Sustainability Questions	419	(32)
Preview	419	(9)
Future Generations	428	(8)
Ernest Partridge
Sidelight: The Nuclear Train to the Future	436	(2)
Richard (Routley) Sylvan
Val (Routley) Plumwood
Sustainability: An Economist's Perspective	438	(5)
Robert M. Solow
Sustainability	443	(8)
Robert E. Goodin
Environmental Problems and Policies	451	(174)
Preserving Biodiversity	451	(33)
Preview	451	(8)
The Diversity of Life	459	(6)
E. O. Wilson
What Is a Species?	465	(4)
Stephen Jay Gould
Why Do Species Matter?	469	(7)
Lilly-Marlene Russow
Why Species Matter	476	(8)
Holmes Rolston III
Food and Agriculture	484	(35)
Preview	484	(7)
A Plant's-Eye View of the World	491	(5)
Michael Pollan
Patenting Life	496	(2)
Claudia Mills
Brute-Force Genetic Engineering	498	(4)
Stephen R. Palumbi
Genes in the Food!	502	(6)
Richard Lewontin
Nature as the Measure for a Sustainable Agriculture	508	(8)
Wes Jackson
What's in the Meat	516	(3)
Eric Schlosser
Wilderness and Forests	519	(27)
Preview	519	(2)
Radical American Environmentalism and Wilderness Preservation: A Third World Critique	521	(8)
Ramachandra Guha
Tropical Forests and Their Species: Going, Going...?	529	(5)
Norman Myers
The Mismanagement of the National Forests	534	(9)
Perri Knize
Forest Service Policy	543	(3)
Bryan G. Norton
Corporate Responsibility	546	(41)
Preview	546	(4)
Environmental Racism	550	(5)
Karl Grossman
Consumption and the Environment	555	(1)
Herman E. Daly
Consumption as a Theme in the North--South Dialogue	556	(3)
Luis N. Camacho
The Chainsaws of Greed: The Case of Pacific Lumber	559	(12)
Lisa H. Newton
Why Shouldn't Corporations Be Socially Responsible?	571	(4)
Christopher Stone
``I Am No Greenpeacer, But...'' or Environmentalism, Risk Communication, and the Lower Middle Class	575	(12)
Mark Sagoff
Sliding to Global Catastrophe	587	(38)
Preview	587	(8)
Silent Spring	595	(3)
Rachel Carson
The Case That the World Has Reached Limits	598	(9)
Robert Goodland
The Climate-Change Debacle: The Perils of Politicizing Science	607	(8)
Patrick J. Michaels
A Response	615	(5)
Christopher Flavin
Climate Change Science The National Academy of Sciences	620	(2)
Sidelight: Let's Transform the Military	622	(3)
David Suzuki
Varieties of Activism	625	(25)
Preview	625	(3)
Strategic Monkeywrenching	628	(4)
Dave Foreman
The Sea Shepherds: Bringing Justice to the High Seas	632	(2)
Rik Scarce
An Apologia for Activism: Global Responsibility, Ethical Advocacy, and Environmental Problems	634	(9)
Kristin Shrader-Frechette
Involuntary Simplicity: Changing Dysfunctional Habits of Consumption	643	(5)
Guy Claxton
Sidelight: A Resistance Movement of One's Own	648	(2)
Learning and Research Tools	650	(1)
Glossary	650	(6)
Time Chart	656	(1)
Internet and Other Environmental Resources	657	(2)
Bibliography	659