Note: Supplemental materials are not guaranteed with Rental or Used book purchases.
Purchase Benefits
What is included with this book?
New to This Edition | p. ix |
Introduction | p. xi |
Preface | p. xv |
Acknowledgments | p. xvii |
About the Authors | p. xxi |
History and Scope of Epidemiology | p. 1 |
Introduction | p. 2 |
Epidemiology Defined | p. 6 |
Foundations of Epidemiology | p. 13 |
Historical Antecedents of Epidemiology | p. 20 |
Recent Applications of Epidemiology | p. 37 |
Conclusion | p. 43 |
Practical Applications of Epidemiology | p. 49 |
Introduction | p. 50 |
Applications for the Assessment of the Health Status of Populations and Delivery of Health Services | p. 52 |
Applications Relevant to Disease Etiology | p. 71 |
Conclusion | p. 87 |
Leading Causes of Death and Rates for Those Causes in 1900 and 2003 | p. 92 |
Measures of Morbidity and Mortality Used in Epidemiology | p. 93 |
Introduction | p. 94 |
Definitions of Count, Ratio, Proportion, and Rate | p. 94 |
Risk Versus Rate | p. 104 |
Interrelationship Between Prevalence and Incidence | p. 106 |
Applications of Incidence Data | p. 108 |
Crude Rates | p. 108 |
Specific Rates | p. 118 |
Adjusted Rates | p. 123 |
Conclusion | p. 133 |
Data for Study Questions 2 Through 4 | p. 138 |
Descriptive Epidemiology: Person, Place, Time | p. 141 |
Introduction | p. 142 |
Characteristics of Persons | p. 146 |
Characteristics of Place | p. 175 |
Characteristics of Time | p. 187 |
Conclusion | p. 193 |
Project: Descriptive Epidemiology of a Selected Health Problem | p. 201 |
Sources of Data for Use in Epidemiology | p. 203 |
Introduction | p. 204 |
Criteria for the Quality and Utility of Epidemiologic Data | p. 205 |
Computerized Bibliographic Databases | p. 206 |
Confidentiality, Sharing of Data, and Record Linkage | p. 207 |
Statistics Derived from the Vital Registration System | p. 215 |
Reportable Disease Statistics | p. 216 |
Screening Surveys | p. 223 |
Disease Registries | p. 223 |
Morbidity Surveys of the General Population | p. 225 |
Insurance Data | p. 229 |
Hospital Data | p. 230 |
Diseases Treated in Special Clinics and Hospitals | p. 231 |
Data from Physicians' Practices | p. 232 |
Absenteeism Data | p. 233 |
School Health Programs | p. 233 |
Morbidity in the Armed Forces: Data on Active Personnel and Veterans | p. 234 |
Other Sources of Data Relevant to Epidemiologic Studies | p. 235 |
Conclusion | p. 236 |
Study Designs: Ecologic, Cross-Sectional, Case-Control | p. 241 |
Introduction | p. 242 |
Observational Versus Experimental Approaches in Epidemiology | p. 243 |
Overview of Study Designs Used in Epidemiology | p. 244 |
Ecologic Studies | p. 249 |
Cross-Sectional Studies | p. 256 |
Case-Control Studies | p. 262 |
Conclusion | p. 276 |
Study Designs: Cohort Studies | p. 283 |
Introduction | p. 284 |
Cohort Studies Defined | p. 284 |
Sampling and Cohort Formation Options | p. 295 |
Temporal Differences in Cohort Designs | p. 301 |
Practical Considerations | p. 303 |
Measures of Interpretation and Examples | p. 307 |
Summary of Cohort Studies | p. 318 |
Comparisons of Observational Designs | p. 319 |
Conclusion | p. 319 |
Experimental Study Designs | p. 327 |
Introduction | p. 328 |
Hierarchy of Study Designs | p. 328 |
Intervention Studies | p. 330 |
Clinical Trials | p. 331 |
Community Trials | p. 344 |
Conclusion | p. 356 |
Measures of Effect | p. 361 |
Introduction | p. 362 |
Absolute Effects | p. 362 |
Relative Effects | p. 365 |
Statistical Measures of Effect | p. 371 |
Evaluating Epidemiologic Associations | p. 374 |
Models of Causal Relationships | p. 376 |
Conclusion | p. 381 |
Cohort Study Data for Coffee Use and Anxiety | p. 384 |
Data Interpretation Issues | p. 385 |
Introduction | p. 386 |
Validity of Study Designs | p. 386 |
Sources of Error in Epidemiologic Research | p. 390 |
Techniques to Reduce Bias | p. 396 |
Methods to Control Confounding | p. 399 |
Bias in Analysis and Publication | p. 403 |
Conclusion | p. 404 |
Screening for Disease in the Community | p. 409 |
Introduction | p. 410 |
Screening for Disease | p. 410 |
Appropriate Situations for Screening Tests and Programs | p. 414 |
Characteristics of a Good Screening Test | p. 417 |
Evaluation of Screening Tests | p. 418 |
Sources of Unreliability and Invalidity | p. 421 |
Measures of the Validity of Screening Tests | p. 422 |
Effects of Prevalence of Disease on Screening Test Results | p. 424 |
Relationship Between Sensitivity and Specificity | p. 426 |
Evaluation of Screening Programs | p. 428 |
Issues in the Classification of Morbidity and Mortality | p. 429 |
Conclusion | p. 432 |
Data for Problem 6 | p. 436 |
Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases | p. 437 |
Introduction | p. 438 |
Agents of Infectious Disease | p. 439 |
Characteristics of Infectious Disease Agents | p. 441 |
Host | p. 442 |
The Environment | p. 445 |
Means of Transmission: Directly or Indirectly from Reservoir | p. 446 |
Measures of Disease Outbreaks | p. 451 |
Procedures Used in the Investigation of Infectious Disease Outbreaks | p. 456 |
Epidemiologically Significant Infectious Diseases in the Community | p. 457 |
Conclusion | p. 482 |
Data from a Foodborne Illness Outbreak in a College Cafeteria | p. 488 |
Epidemiologic Aspects of Work and the Environment | p. 489 |
Introduction | p. 490 |
Health Effects Associated with Environmental Hazards | p. 491 |
Study Designs Used in Environmental Epidemiology | p. 491 |
Toxicologic Concepts Related to Environmental Epidemiology | p. 495 |
Types of Agents | p. 497 |
Environmental Hazards Found in the Work Setting | p. 506 |
Noteworthy Community Environmental Health Hazards | p. 509 |
Conclusion | p. 519 |
Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology | p. 529 |
Introduction | p. 530 |
Definitions and Distinctions: Molecular Versus Genetic Epidemiology | p. 531 |
Epidemiologic Evidence for Genetic Factors | p. 539 |
Causes of Familial Aggregation | p. 540 |
Shared Family Environment and Familial Aggregation | p. 542 |
Gene Mapping: Segregation and Linkage Analysis | p. 545 |
Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) | p. 553 |
Linkage Disequilibrium Revisited: Haplotypes | p. 556 |
Application of Genes in Epidemiologic Designs | p. 558 |
Genetics and Public Health | p. 565 |
Conclusion | p. 568 |
Psychologic, Behavioral, and Social Epidemiology | p. 575 |
Introduction | p. 576 |
Research Designs Used in Psychologic, Behavioral, and Social Epidemiology | p. 580 |
The Social Context of Health | p. 581 |
Independent Variables | p. 582 |
Moderating Factors in the Stress-Illness Relationship | p. 588 |
Outcome Variables: Physical Health, Mental Health, Affective States | p. 600 |
Conclusion | p. 605 |
Epidemiology as a Profession | p. 613 |
Introduction | p. 614 |
Specializations Within Epidemiology | p. 615 |
Career Roles for Epidemiologists | p. 617 |
Epidemiology Associations and Journals | p. 620 |
Competencies Required of Epidemiologists | p. 624 |
Resources for Education and Employment | p. 625 |
Professional Ethics in Epidemiology | p. 627 |
Conclusion | p. 632 |
Guide to the Critical Appraisal of an Epidemiologic/Public Health Research Article | p. 635 |
Answers to Selected Study Questions | p. 641 |
Glossary | p. 651 |
Index | p. 668 |
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
The New copy of this book will include any supplemental materials advertised. Please check the title of the book to determine if it should include any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.
The Used, Rental and eBook copies of this book are not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. Typically, only the book itself is included. This is true even if the title states it includes any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.