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Preface | p. ix |
Principal Abbreviations | p. xxiii |
Introduction | |
Information from Tradition | p. 3 |
Designation as Catholic Epistles and Epistles of John | p. 3 |
Attitudes toward These Epistles in the First Five Centuries | p. 5 |
Possible Echoes before A.D. 175 | p. 6 |
From the Late Second Century to the Fifth Century | p. 9 |
Problems of Johannine Authorship | p. 14 |
Did the Same Author Write All Three Epistles? | p. 14 |
Common Authorship for II John and III John? | p. 15 |
Common Authorship for II John and I John? | p. 16 |
Did the Same Author Write the Fourth Gospel and the Epistles? | p. 19 |
The Argument for Common Authorship Based on Similarities in Style | p. 20 |
The Argument against Common Authorship Based on Differences in Style | p. 21 |
The Argument against Common Authorship Based on Differences in Thought | p. 25 |
The Argument against Common Authorship Based on Differences in Life Situation | p. 28 |
In What Sequence Were the Gospel and the Epistles Written? | p. 30 |
Sequence among the Epistles | p. 30 |
Was II John or III John Composed First? | |
Was I John or II John Composed First? | |
Sequence of GJohn and I John | p. 32 |
Arguments for the Priority of I John | |
Arguments for the Priority of GJohn | |
Source Theories for the Origin of I John | p. 36 |
The German Theory of an Antithetical-Statement Source | p. 36 |
E. von Dobschutz | p. 36 |
R. Bultmann | p. 38 |
After Bultmann | p. 41 |
Other Source Theories | p. 43 |
W. Nauck | p. 43 |
J. C. O'Neill | p. 45 |
Origin of I and II John in a Struggle with Adversaries | p. 47 |
Which Views in I and II John Belong to the Adversaries? | p. 47 |
Reconstructed Portrait of the Adversaries | p. 49 |
One Well-defined Group? | p. 49 |
The Theological Positions of the Adversaries | p. 50 |
Christology | |
Ethical Behavior and Attitudes | |
Comparison to Known Heresies | p. 55 |
Groups Condemned Elsewhere in the NT | |
Docetic Opponents of Ignatius of Antioch | |
Second-century Gnostics | |
Cerinthians | |
The Theory Adopted in this Commentary | p. 69 |
Brief Statement of the Theory | p. 69 |
The Secessionists' Relation to the Fourth Gospel | p. 71 |
Methodological Cautions | p. 72 |
Christology-Secessionist and Fourth Gospel | p. 73 |
Negating the Importance of Jesus | |
Not Acknowledging Christ Come in the Flesh and in Blood | |
Ethics-Secessionist and Fourth Gospel | p. 79 |
Lack of Emphasis on Moral Behavior | |
Perfectionist Freedom from Sin | |
Love of the Brethren | |
The Epistolary Author's Relation to the Fourth Gospel | p. 86 |
Literary Genre of I John | p. 86 |
Universal Religious Tractate | |
Circular Epistle | |
Homily; Diatribe; Informal Tractate; Pastoral Encyclical | |
Comment Patterned on GJohn | |
Polemic and Argumentation Employed in I John | p. 92 |
Reuse of GJohn Polemic | |
Style of Correcting | |
The "We" of the Johannine School | |
"From the Beginning"-Older Johannine Theology | |
Date and Locale of the Epistles | p. 100 |
The Aftermath | p. 103 |
The Secessionist Path toward Gnosticism | p. 104 |
The Path from the Epistles to the Great Church | p. 106 |
III John and Church Order | |
The Epistles and the Redaction of GJohn | |
Evidence from the Church Writers | |
Structure and Text | p. 116 |
The Structure of I John | p. 116 |
Recognition of Units | p. 118 |
Organization of Units through Thought Patterns | p. 119 |
Organization of Units through Analogy with Other Writings | p. 122 |
Miscellaneous Suggestions | |
GJohn as a Structural Model | |
The Text of the Epistles | p. 129 |
General Bibliography for the Johannine Epistles | p. 131 |
Bibliographies; Surveys | p. 131 |
Commentaries or General Analyses | p. 131 |
Earlier Commentaries | p. 131 |
Recent Works | p. 132 |
Epistolary Theology | p. 135 |
General Works | p. 135 |
Specific Theological Topics | p. 136 |
"Abiding, remaining" (menein) | |
"Life" (zoe) | |
"Love" (agapan, agape, agapetos) | |
"Sin" (hamartia) | |
"Truth" (aletheia) | |
Authorship Issues | p. 138 |
Source Theories | p. 139 |
Life and Setting of the Community | p. 140 |
History | p. 140 |
House-Churches | p. 143 |
Adversaries (in General) | p. 143 |
Specific Adversaries | p. 143 |
Structure of I John | p. 144 |
Text | p. 145 |
Miscellaneous Works Cited in this Commentary | p. 145 |
The First Epistle of John | |
The Prologue | p. 149 |
The Prologue (1:1-4) | p. 151 |
p. 189 | |
The Gospel of God as Light; Three Boasts and Three Opposite Hypotheses (1:5-2:2) | p. 191 |
Three Claims of Intimate Knowledge of God to be Tested by Behavior (2:3-11) | p. 247 |
Admonitions to Believers: Having Conquered the Evil One, They Must Resist the World (2:12-17) | p. 293 |
Warning against the Secessionists as Antichrists who Deny the Son and the Father (2:18-27) | p. 329 |
God's Children versus the Devil's Children (2:28-3:10) | p. 378 |
p. 437 | |
The Gospel of Loving One Another (3:11-24) | p. 439 |
The Spirits of Truth and of Deceit, and Their Respective Adherents (4:1-6) | p. 485 |
Loving One Another as a Way of Abiding in and Loving God (4:7-5:4a) | p. 512 |
Faith as Conqueror of the World and the Role of Testimony (5:4b-12) | p. 569 |
The Conclusion | p. 605 |
The Conclusion (5:13-21) | p. 607 |
The Second Epistle of John | |
The Second Epistle | p. 645 |
The Third Epistle of John | |
The Third Epistle | p. 699 |
Appendixes | |
Charts | p. 755 |
Similarities between II-III John and the Other Johannine Writings | p. 755 |
Similarities between I John and GJohn | p. 757 |
Bultmann's Reconstructed Source for I John | p. 760 |
Epistolary Statements Pertinent to the Adversaries' Views | p. 762 |
Sample Proposed Divisions of I John | p. 764 |
Outline of I John | p. 765 |
Cerinthus | p. 766 |
The Epistle(s) to the Parthians | p. 772 |
The Johannine Comma | p. 775 |
General Observations on Epistolary Format | p. 788 |
Indexes | |
Bibliographic Index of Authors | p. 797 |
Subject Index | p. 804 |
Index of Greek Words | p. 811 |
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