Essential Reading Skills

by McWhorter, Kathleen T.

• ISBN13: 9780321429933
• ISBN10: 0321429931
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2007-01-01
• Publisher: Longman

Summary

Essential Reading Skillsfocuses on the four essential skill areas for college-reading success (active reading and thinking, vocabulary development, literal and critical comprehension, and organizational emphasis) and improves students'reading through concise instruction, and extensive practice and testing. Each of the eleven chapters focuses on a specific reading and thinking skill, and contains exercises that get students applying the learned skill to textbooks and ends with a vocabulary enrichment exercise. Concise instruction on the essential reading skills needed for college with extensive practice. 6 th - 9 th grade reading levels

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xiii
Reading Actively	p. 1
Starting with a Positive Attitude	p. 1
Improve Your Surroundings	p. 2
Pay Attention	p. 2
Previewing Before You Read	p. 4
How to Preview	p. 4
Demonstration of Previewing	p. 5
Guide Questions	p. 8
Putting Your Positive Attitude to Work	p. 10
The Textbook Challenge	p. 10
What Have You Learned?	p. 10
What Vocabulary Have You Learned?	p. 11
Active Test-Taking	p. 11
Reading Selection: "To Love and to Cherish" by Michelle Kearns (Mastery Test 1-3)	p. 25
Using Your Dictionary	p. 35
Buying a Dictionary	p. 35
Using a Dictionary	p. 35
Abbreviations	p. 37
Word Pronunciation	p. 38
Etymology	p. 39
Restrictive Meanings	p. 40
Multiple Meanings	p. 41
Spelling	p. 43
Usage Notes	p. 45
Idioms	p. 46
Other Aids	p. 46
Pronouncing Unfamiliar Words	p. 47
Using Word Mapping to Expand Your Vocabulary	p. 48
The Textbook Challenge	p. 50
What Have You Learned?	p. 51
What Vocabulary Have You Learned?	p. 51
Taking Vocabulary Tests	p. 52
Reading Selection: "We Don't Have AIDS, but We Suffer, Too" by Kerrel McKay (Mastery Test 2-3)	p. 63
Building Vocabulary: Using Context Clues	p. 71
What Is Context?	p. 71
Types of Context Clues	p. 72
Definition Clues	p. 72
Synonym Clues	p. 74
Example Clues	p. 76
Contrast Clues	p. 78
Inference Clues	p. 80
Using All of the Context Clues	p. 83
The Textbook Challenge	p. 83
What Have You Learned?	p. 84
Answering Vocabulary Questions	p. 84
Reading Selection: "Online Dating Sites Aren't Holding People's Hearts" by Randy Dotinga (Mastery Test 3-3)	p. 93
Building Vocabulary: Using Word Parts	p. 103
What Are Word Parts?	p. 103
Prefixes	p. 104
Roots	p. 108
Suffixes	p. 110
Using Word Parts	p. 114
The Textbook Challenge	p. 115
What Have You Learned?	p. 115
Using Word Parts	p. 116
Reading Selection: "Saved by the Kindness of a Virtual Stranger" by Mark Zelermyer (Mastery Test 4-3)	p. 124
Locating Main ideas	p. 133
What Is a Main Idea?	p. 133
Understanding General Versus Specific Ideas	p. 134
Identifying the Topic	p. 136
Finding the Main Idea	p. 139
Tips for Finding the Main Idea	p. 140
Tips for Locating the Topic Sentence	p. 140
Learning More About Paragraphs	p. 144
The Textbook Challenge	p. 144
What Have You Learned?	p. 145
What Vocabulary Have You Learned?	p. 145
Questions on the Topic and Main Idea	p. 146
Reading Selection: "Don't Ask" by Deborah Tannen (Mastery Test 5-3)	p. 156
Identifying Supporting Details and Transitions	p. 167
What Are Supporting Details?	p. 167
What Are Transitions?	p. 173
Putting It All Together	p. 177
The Textbook Challenge	p. 178
What Have You Learned?	p. 178
What Vocabulary Have You Learned?	p. 179
Answering Detail Questions	p. 179
Reading Selection: "Why Go Veg?" by Barbara Tunick (Mastery Test 6-3)	p. 188
Understanding Implied Main Ideas	p. 199
What Does Implied Mean?	p. 199
Remembering the Difference Between General and Specific Ideas	p. 201
How to Find Implied Main Ideas in Paragraphs	p. 205
Working with Paragraphs	p. 208
The Textbook Challenge	p. 209
What Have You Learned?	p. 209
What Vocabulary Have You Learned?	p. 210
Answering Questions About Implied Main Ideas	p. 210
Reading Selection: "Primary Colors" by Kim McLarin (Mastery Test 7-3)	p. 224
Keeping Track of Information	p. 235
Why Keep Track of Information?	p. 235
Highlighting and Marking	p. 235
Outlining	p. 239
Mapping	p. 242
Summarizing	p. 246
Good Reasons to Keep Track of Information	p. 249
The Textbook Challenge	p. 250
What Have You Learned?	p. 250
What Vocabulary Have You Learned?	p. 251
Using Highlighting and Summarizing	p. 251
Reading Selection: "Body Piercing and Tattooing" by Rebecca Donatelle (Mastery Test 8-3)	p. 264
Recognizing the Basic Patterns of Organization	p. 273
What Are Patterns of Organization?	p. 273
Example	p. 274
Definition	p. 277
Combining Definition and Example	p. 279
Chronological Order and Process	p. 281
Listing	p. 285
Combining Patterns of Organization	p. 288
The Textbook Challenge	p. 288
What Have You Learned?	p. 289
What Vocabulary Have You Learned?	p. 289
Answering Questions About Patterns	p. 290
Reading Selection: "Right Place, Wrong Face" by Alton Fitzgerald White (Mastery Test 9-3)	p. 302
Recognizing Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect Patterns	p. 311
Comparison/Contrast Patterns	p. 311
Comparison	p. 313
Contrast	p. 314
Using Both Comparison and Contrast	p. 316
Cause/Effect Patterns	p. 318
Moving Beyond Patterns	p. 321
The Textbook Challenge	p. 321
What Have You Learned?	p. 322
What Vocabulary Have You Learned?	p. 322
Answering Questions About Comparison/Contrast and Cause/Effect	p. 323
Reading Selection: "When Mommy Goes Off to Fight a War" by Peter Madsen (Mastery Test 10-3)	p. 337
Reading and Thinking Critically	p. 347
What Is Inference?	p. 347
How to Make Inferences	p. 348
Understanding a Writer's Purpose	p. 353
Style	p. 353
Intended Audience	p. 354
Language: Denotation and Connotation	p. 356
Identifying Tone	p. 358
Distinguishing Fact and Opinion	p. 362
Facts	p. 362
Opinions	p. 362
Judgment Words	p. 363
Understanding More of What You Read	p. 364
The Textbook Challenge	p. 365
What Have You Learned?	p. 365
What Vocabulary Have You Learned?	p. 365
Critical Reading Questions	p. 366
Reading Selection: "The Beautiful Laughing Sisters" by Mary Pipher (Mastery Test 11-3)	p. 380
Student Resource Guide A Introduction to College Textbook Reading	p. 393
The Features of Your Textbooks	p. 393
Assessing Textbook Learning Aids	p. 393
Examining the Preface or "To the Student"	p. 394
Examining the Table of Contents	p. 395
The SQ3R Reading/Study System	p. 395
Steps in the SQ3R System	p. 395
Why SQ3R Works	p. 396
Learning Strategies	p. 397
Use Immediate Review	p. 397
Use Periodic Review	p. 397
Use Mnemonic Devices	p. 397
Use Numerous Sensory Channels to Store Information	p. 398
Organize Information	p. 398
Connect New Learning with Previous Learning	p. 398
Use Visualization	p. 398
Develop Retrieval Clues	p. 399
Test Yourself	p. 399
Overlearn	p. 399
Political Science/History	p. 400
Health	p. 403
Communication	p. 407
Student Resource Guide B A Guide for ESL (ELL) Readers	p. 409
Tips for ESL Readers	p. 409
Use a Two-Way Dictionary	p. 409
Always Keep an English Dictionary Handy	p. 409
Practice, Practice, Practice	p. 410
Vocabulary Is the Key to Success	p. 410
Take Notes in English	p. 410
Use Context	p. 410
Sentence Basics	p. 410
Finding the Subject and Predicate	p. 411
Understanding Sentences with Two Main Points	p. 413
Understanding Sentences with One Main Point and One Related Idea	p. 414
Understanding How Modifiers Change Meaning	p. 416
Expressing the Ideas in Your Own Words	p. 417
Pay Attention to Word Order	p. 419
Sentence Order	p. 419
Adverbs	p. 419
Adjectives	p. 420
Learn Idioms	p. 420
Glossary of Frequently Confused Words and Phrases	p. 421
Multicultural Reader	p. 429
The Most Hateful Words	p. 430
Seoul Searching	p. 437
Coming Into My Own	p. 447
Living Life to the Fullest	p. 455
American Indian Mascots Should Go	p. 462
Hispanic USA: The Conveyor-Belt Ladies	p. 470
I Have Had to Learn to Live with Peace	p. 479
Recording and Evaluating Progress	p. 487
Online Chapter Student Resource Guide Test-Taking Strategies: A Review
Starting with an Advantage
Bring the Necessary Materials
Time Your Arrival Carefully
Sit in the Front of the Room
Listen Carefully to Your Instructor's Directions
Preview the Exam
Plan Your Time
Avoid Reading Too Much into Questions
General Suggestions for Objective Exams
Techniques for Taking Multiple-Choice Tests
Achieving Success with Standardized Tests
Preparing for the Test
Taking the Test
Credits	p. 489
Index	p. 492
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