Essentials of Materials Science & Engineering - SI Version

by Askeland, Donald R.; Fulay, Pradeep P.

• ISBN13: 9780495438502
• ISBN10: 0495438502
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2009-02-03
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

This text provides students with a solid understanding of the relationship between the structure, processing, and properties of materials. Authors Donald Askeland and Pradeep Fulay teach the fundamental concepts of atomic structure and materials behaviors and clearly link them to the "materials" issues that students will have to deal with when they enter the industry or graduate school (e.g. design of structures, selection of materials, or materials failures). While presenting fundamental concepts and linking them to practical applications, the authors emphasize the necessary basics without overwhelming the students with too much of the underlying chemistry or physics. The book covers fundamentals in an integrated approach that emphasizes applications of new technologies that engineered materials enable. New and interdisciplinary developments in materials field such as nanomaterials, smart materials, micro-electro-mechanical (MEMS) systems, and biomaterials are also discussed.

Table of Contents

Introduction to Materials Science and Engineering Introduction

What is Materials Science and Engineering?

Classification of Materials

Functional Classification of Materials

Classification of Materials Based on Structure

Environmental and Other Effects

Materials Design and Selection

Summary

Glossary Problems

Atomic Structure Introduction

The Structure of Materials: Technological Relevance

The Structure of the Atom

The Electronic Structure of the Atom

The Periodic Table

Atomic Bonding

Binding Energy and Interatomic Spacing

Summary

Glossary Problems

Atomic and Ionic Arrangements Introduction

Short-Range Order Versus Long-Range Order

Amorphous Materials: Principles and Technological Applications

Lattice, Unit Cells, Basis, and Crystal Structure

Allotropic or Polymorphic Transformations

Points, Directions, and Planes in the Unit Cell

Interstitial Sites

Crystal Structures of Ionic Materials

Covalent Structures

Diffraction Techniques for Crystal Structure Analysis

Summary

Glossary Problems

Imperfections in the Atomic and Ionic Arrangements Introduction

Point Defects

Other Point Defects

Dislocations

Significance of Dislocations

Schmid's Law

Influence of Crystal Structure

Surface Defects

Importance of Defects

Summary

Glossary Problems

Atomic and Ionic Movements in Materials Introduction

Applications of Diffusion

Stability of Atoms and Ions

Mechanisms for Diffusion

Activation Energy for Diffusion

Rate of Diffusion (Fick's First Law)

Factors Affecting Diffusion

Permeability of Polymers

Composition Profile (Fick's Second Law)

Diffusion and Materials Processing

Summary

Glossary Problems

Mechanical Properties and Behavior Introduction

Technological Significance

Terminology for Mechanical Properties

The Tensile Test: Use of the Stress-Strain Diagram

Properties Obtained from the Tensile Test

True Stress and True Strain

The Bend Test for Brittle Materials

Hardness of Materials

Strain Rate Effects and Impact Behavior

Properties Obtained from the Impact Test

Summary

Glossary Problems

Fracture Mechanics Introduction

Fracture Mechanics

The Importance of Fracture Mechanics

Microstructural Features of Fracture in Metallic Materials

Microstructural Features of Fractures in Ceramics, Glasses, and Composites

Weibull Statistics for Failure Strength Analysis

Fatigue

Results of the Fatigue Test

Application of Fatigue Testing

Creep, Stress Rupture, and Stress Corrosion

Evaluation of Creep Behavior

Summary

Glossary Problems

Strain Hardening and Annealing Introduction

Relationship of Cold Working to the Stress-Strain Curve

Strain-Hardening Mechanisms

Properties Versus Percent Cold Work

Microstructure, Texture Strengthening, and Residual Stresses

Characteristics of Cold Working

The Three Stages of Annealing

Control of Annealing

Annealing and Materials Processing

Hot Working

Summary

Glossary Problems

Principles of Solidification Introduction

Technological Significance

Nucleation

Growth Mechanisms

Cooling Curves

Cast Structure

Solidification Defects

Casting Processes for Manufacturing Components

Continuous Casting, Ingot Casting, and Single Crystal Growth

Solidification of Polymers and Inorganic Glasses

Joining of Metallic Materials

Summary

Glossary Problems

Solid Solutions and Phase Equilibrium Introduction

Phases and the Phase Diagram

Solubility and Solid Solutions

Conditions for Unlimited Solid Solubility

Solid-Solution Strengthening

Isomorphous Phase Diagrams

Relationship Between Properties and the Phase Diagram

Solidification of a Solid-Solution Alloy

Summary

Glossary Problems

Dispersion Strengthening and Eutectic Phase Diagram Introduction

Principles and Examples of Dispersion Strengthening

Intermetallic Compounds

Phase Diagrams Containing Three-Phase Reactions

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