The Estrogen Elixir

by Watkins, Elizabeth Siegel

• ISBN13: 9780801886027
• ISBN10: 0801886023
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2007-03-01
• Publisher: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS

Summary

In the first complete history of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), Elizabeth Siegel Watkins illuminates the complex and changing relationship between the medical treatment of menopause and cultural conceptions of aging. Describing the development, spread, and shifting role of HRT in America from the early twentieth century to the present, Watkins explores how the interplay between science and society shaped the dissemination and reception of HRT and how the medicalization -- and subsequent efforts toward the demedicalization -- of menopause and aging affected the role of estrogen as a medical therapy. Telling the story from multiple perspectives -- physicians, pharmaceutical manufacturers, government regulators, feminist health activists, and the media, as well as women as patients and consumers -- she reveals the striking parallels between estrogen's history as a medical therapy and broad shifts in the role of medicine in an aging society. Today, information about HRT is almost always accompanied by a laundry list of health risks. While physicians and pharmaceutical companies have striven to develop the safest possible treatment for the symptoms of menopause and aging, many specialists question whether HRT should be prescribed at all. Drawing from a wide range of scholarly research, archival records, and interviews, The Estrogen Elixir provides valuable historical context for one of the most pressing debates in contemporary medicine. Praise for Watkins' On the Pill: "An exemplary study of how the nation which first had access to oral contraceptives first came to terms with their advantages, and their drawbacks." -- Times Literary Supplement "Intelligent and well-structured... An admirable exercise in social history." -- Nature "A particularly fascinating issue, trim and focused, sophisticated and helpful, fresh and very interesting." -- American Historical Review "In every carefully organized, lucidly written chapter Watkins provides surprising corrections to conventional thinking about the new birth control method." -- Journal of American History "Anyone concerned with the debate over scientific advance and medical authority will find this a highly stimulating study." -- Journal of American Studies

Author Biography

Elizabeth Siegel Watkins is an associate professor in the History of Health Sciences at the University of California, San Francisco, and author of On the Pill: A Social History of Oral Contraceptives, 1950--1970, also published by Johns Hopkins.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments	p. vii
Introduction	p. 1
Beginnings	p. 10
From the "Neutral Gender" to "Feminine Forever"	p. 32
Selling Estrogen to Doctors	p. 52
Selling Estrogen to Women	p. 69
From Hero to Villain: Estrogen and Endometrial Cancer	p. 93
Enter the Feminists: Informing Women about Estrogen	p. 109
Enter the FDA: A Patient Package Insert for Estrogen	p. 132
Resurrecting Estrogen, I: Osteoporosis and Medical Science	p. 148
Resurrecting Estrogen, II: Osteoporosis and American Culture	p. 167
Skeptics and Believers: Varieties of Women's Responses	p. 187
Weighing the Benefits and Risks of HRT: Estrogen, Heart Disease, and Breast Cancer	p. 205
1992: The Year of the Menopause	p. 222
Meno-Boomers: Another Generation Confronts Estrogen	p. 240
The "Gold Standard": Estrogen and the Randomized Controlled Trials	p. 264
Notes	p. 287
Index	p. 341
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