Ethics Across the Professions A Reader for Professional Ethics

by Martin, Clancy; Vaught, Wayne; Solomon, Robert C.

• ISBN13: 9780195326680
• ISBN10: 0195326687
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2009-10-16
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

What does it mean to be an ethical professional? A professional career can be so demanding that it permeates every aspect of a person's life and personality. In light of this fact, it is especially important for students who are planning to enter a chosen profession to understand its moral status, moral virtues, and possible moral pitfalls, so that they will be equipped to deal with the inevitable moral quandaries that they will encounter as professionals. The most up-to-date professional ethics reader available, Ethics Across the Professions analyzes the complex ethical issues that arise in such fields as engineering, finance, healthcare, journalism, and law. Featuring a wide array of both classic and contemporary sources, it ranges from works by Aristotle and Kant to selections by Michael Bayles, Sissela Bok, Paul Ekman, and Thomas Nagel. Organized topically, the anthology covers what it means to be a professional, outlines several ethical models, and addresses key issues including deception in professional life, privacy, loyalty, social welfare, conflicts of interest, and self-regulation. The book includes detailed chapter introductions, several practical case studies at the end of each chapter, and provocative discussion questions on issues like "whistle-blowing," the Iraq War, educating illegal immigrant children, and advertisements for pharmaceutical companies. Edited by three renowned ethicists, Ethics Across the Professions is especially suited for introductory professional ethics courses taught in philosophy departments as well as in nursing schools, business schools, and other professional programs.

Author Biography

Clancy Martin is Associate Professor and Chair of Philosophy at the University of Missouri-Kansas City. He has authored and edited several books including. How to Sell: A Novel (2009), The Philosophy of Deception (OUP, 2009), and Honest Work, Second Edition (coedited with Joanne B. Ciulla and Robert C. Solomon, OUP, 2009). Wayne Vaught is Associate Professor of Philosophy and Medicine, Director of the Center for Applied and Professional Ethics, and Associate Dean of Undergraduate Programs in the College of Arts, and Sciences at the University of Missouri Kansas City. He has published several papers in leading ethics journals including The Journal of Clinical Ethics and Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics. The late Robert C. Solomon was Quincy Lee Centennial Professor of Philosophy of Philosphy and Business and Distinguished Teaching Professor at the University of Texas at Austin. He is the author or editor of more than forty books including The Little Philosophy Book (2007), Introducing Philosophy, Ninth Edition (2007), and Honest Work, Second Edition (coedited with Joanne B. Ciulla and Clancy Martin, 2009), all published by Oxford.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xi
What Is It to Be a Professional? The Professions, Leadership, and Work	p. 1
The Professional Organization	p. 2
The Professions	p. 9
Professional Responsibility: Just Following the Rules?	p. 12
The Inner Ring	p. 19
What Is Good Leadership?	p. 22
Lawyers as Professionals: Some Moral Issues	p. 27
Good Doctors	p. 37 CASES
Cases
ôProfessionalism and Nursingö	p. 47
ôLess Heat, More Lightö	p. 49
ôThe Professional Engineerö	p. 51
How to Be Ethical	p. 52
On the Good Life	p. 54
Ring of Gyges	p. 58
Business Codes of Ethics: Window Dressing or Legitimate Alternative to Government Regulation?	p. 60
Of the Natural Condition of Mankind as Concerning Their Felicity and Misery	p. 64
Of the First and Second Natural Laws and of Contracts	p. 66
FROM Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals	p. 69
Professional Codes and Kantian Duties	p. 77
FROM Utilitarianism	p. 82
The Basic Business Virtues: Honesty, Fairness, Trust, and Toughness	p. 87
Cases
ôThe Prisoner's Dilemmaö	p. 93
ôGeorge, Jim, and Utilitarianismö	p. 94
Professional Duties, Clients' Rights	p. 96
The Professional-Client Relationship	p. 97
Autonomy and the Very Limited Role of Advocacy in the Classroom	p. 105
Professional Responsibility for Lawyers	p. 109
Conscientious Refusal and a Doctor's Right to Quit	p. 111
Solicitation of Clients: The Professional Responsibility to Chase Ambulances	p. 118
The Limits of Conscientious Objection-May Pharmacists Refuse to Fill Prescriptions for Emergency Contraception?	p. 130
Legal and Ethical Myths About Informed Consent	p. 136
Opinion in Canterbury v. Spence	p. 142
The Ethics of Sales	p. 148
Cases
ôThe Booming Twentiesö	p. 155
ôAn Apple a Dayö	p. 157
ôTarget at the Center of Battle over Plan Bö	p. 158
Truth, Lies, and Deception	p. 161
Is It Ever Right to Lie?	p. 162
Special Professional Morality and the Duty of Veracity	p. 166
Lies That Fail	p. 175
Lying and Lies to the Sick and Dying	p. 181
Should Doctors Tell the Truth?	p. 192
Lying and Deception for Counselors and Clients	p. 198
Offering Truth: One Ethical Approach to the Uninformed Cancer Patient	p. 202
Giving Feedback: The Truthful Consultant	p. 209
Truth in the Marketplace	p. 213
Cases
ôLying (for Journalists) ö	p. 222
ôRevisiting the Truth-Telling Debate: A Study of Disclosure Practices at a Major Cancer Centerö	p. 223
ôFlying or Lying in Business Classö	p. 224
ôWillful Ignorance? Or Deception?ö	p. 225
Privacy, Confidentiality, Secrecy, and Trust	p. 226
Confidentiality: A Comparison Across the Professions of Medicine, Engineering, and Accounting	p. 227
Building Trust	p. 234
Invasions of Privacy in Social Science Research	p. 238
The Limits of Confidentiality	p. 243
Justifying Legal Practice in the Adversary System: A Look at Confidentiality	p. 253
Parents, Lies, and Videotape: Covert Video Surveillance in Pediatric Care	p. 259
Defining Secrecy-Some Crucial Distinctions	p. 266
Hacker Ethics	p. 269
The Princess and the Press	p. 273
Cases
ôShould Doctors Talk to Relatives Without a Competent Patient's Consent?ö	p. 276
ôDeLay PAC Is Indicted for Illegal Donations: Corporate Gifts Aided GOP in Texas Racesö	p. 278
ôYou're a Voyeur, I'm a Voyeurö	p. 280
ôTrade Secrets: It's Not Who You Knowö	p. 282
Integrity and Loyalty: Whistle-Blowing and Self-Regulation	p. 283
Whistleblowing and Professional Responsibility	p. 284
Some Paradoxes of Whistleblowing	p. 289
Whistleblowing and Employee Loyalty	p. 294
Integrity	p. 298
Standing for Something	p. 301
Can Virtue Be Taught to Lawyers?	p. 304
Ruthlessness in Public Life	p. 311
Loyalty	p. 316
Politics and Moral Character	p. 318
Cases
ôIs It Ethical to Criticize Other Dentists' Work?ö	p. 325
ôBlowing the Whistle in Iraqö	p. 327
ôTen Whistleblowers and How They Faredö	p. 328
ôWinners and Losersö	p. 340
ôChatty Doctorsö	p. 341
Professionalism, Justice, and Social Welfare	p. 342
The Parable of the Sadhu	p. 343
Justice as Fairness	p. 347
Rich and Poor	p. 349
What Should a Billionaire Give-And What Should You?	p. 352
Should Physicians Prepare for War?	p. 360
The Ethic of Compassion	p. 365
The Economics of Poverty	p. 367
Off the Sidelines	p. 369
New England Journal of Medicine: A National Health Program for the United States: A Physicians' Proposal	p. 373
Social Responsibility and Economic Efficiency	p. 382
Cases
ôPigs on Parade: Power, Perks, and Impunityö	p. 386
ôGroups Debate Costs of Educating Illegal Immigrant Childrenö	p. 391
ôThe Fordasaurusö	p. 392
Reciprocity, Conflicts of Interest, and Government Regulation	p. 394
Nepotism in American Business	p. 395
Ethical Issues for Accountants	p. 398
The Private Practicing Physician-Investigator: Ethical Implications of Clinical Research in the Office Setting	p. 401
Ethics and Journalism	p. 407
Too Many Lawyers, Too Many Suits	p. 411
Plan B: Politics and Values at the FDA, Again	p. 414
Can Assisted Suicide Be Regulated?	p. 417
Prime Time Pushers	p. 422
Cases
ôDrug Company Gifts: Marketing Technique Poses Ethical Questions for Someö	p. 428
ôMoral Conflict in Clinical Trialsö	p. 432
ôQuarantine Ethicsö	p. 433
ôæCulture of LifeÆ: Politics at the Bedside - The Case of Terri Schiavoö	p. 437
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