Evidence-Based Obstetrics; A Companion Volume to High Risk Pregnancy, 2nd Edition

by James, Mahomed, Stone, van Wijngaarden & Hill

• ISBN13: 9780702025471
• ISBN10: 070202547X
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-11-05
• Publisher: Saunders Ltd.

Summary

This companion to James et al's popular HIGH RISK PREGNANCY, 2ND EDITION, summarizes the evidence for a broad range of obstetric clinical problems. Its convenient handbook summary style and cross references to HIGH RISK PREGNANCY make it perfect for on-the-spot consultations and for further study. Uses a convenient tabular format for quick reference. Features "Summary of Management Options" boxes (170 in all) on left-hand pages while providing a synopsis of the quality of evidence that supports each management plan on the facing right-hand pages. Gives each management option a score based on the Evaluation System of the US Preventative series Task Force. Provides key references along with summaries of the nature of the data. Includes cross references to James et al: High Risk Pregnancy, 2nd Edition.

Table of Contents

List of Contributors	xii
Foreword	xiv
Preface	xv
Key	xvi
PREPREGNANCY
Prepregnancy Education
Nutritional preparation for pregnancy	3	(1)
Jeroen van de Riet
Exercise	4	(1)
Jeroen van de Riet
Work	5	(2)
Jeroen van de Riet
Organization of Prenatal Care
Organization of prenatal care and identification of risk	7	(3)
Marion Hall
Genetic Counseling
Genetic counseling	10	(3)
David James
Sociodemographic Factors
Pregnancy in adolescence	13	(2)
Jeroen van de Riet
Advanced maternal age and pregnancy	15	(1)
Jeroen van de Riet
Pregnancy in women at the extremes of parity	16	(1)
Jeroen van de Riet
Pregnancy in women with poor socioeconomic background	17	(1)
Jeroen van de Riet
Pregnancy in women from different ethnic backgrounds	18	(1)
Jeroen van de Riet
Maternal Weight and Weight Gain
Pregnancy in underweight women	19	(1)
Tim Overton
Pregnancy in overweight women	20	(2)
Tim Overton
Abnormal weight gain in pregnancy	22	(5)
Tim Overton
EARLY PREGNANCY
Bleeding in Early Pregnancy
Bleeding in early pregnancy	27	(5)
Christianne Lok
Recurrent Miscarriage
Recurrent miscarriage	32	(8)
Katinka Overmars
Screening for Fetal Abnormality
Serum alpha-fetoprotein screening for neural tube defects	40	(3)
Mike Wyldes
Sharon Hodgkiss
Serum screening for fetal chromosomal abnormality	43	(3)
Mike Wyldes
Sharon Hodgkiss
The routine obstetric ultrasound scan	46	(5)
Ellen Knox
Mike Wyldes
Invasive Fetal Procedures
Chorion villus sampling and placental biopsy	51	(2)
Simon Grant
Amniocentisis	53	(1)
Simon Grant
Fetal blood sampling before labor	53	(1)
Simon Grant
Fetal tissue biopsy	54	(1)
Simon Grant
Selective reduction of pregnancy	55	(6)
Shantala Vadeyar
FETAL PROBLEMS
Fetal Health
Assessing fetal health	61	(3)
Jim Dornan
Fetal Growth
Fetal growth restriction	64	(4)
Jim Dornan
Abnormalities of Amniotic Fluid
Abnormalities of amniotic fluid	68	(4)
David James
Fetal Death
Fetal death	72	(4)
David Penman
Fetal Hydrops
Fetal hydrops	76	(4)
Stephen Carroll
Fetal Hemolytic Disease
Fetal Hemolytic disease	80	(4)
Peter McParland
Fetal Thrombocytopenia
Fetal thrombocytopenia	84	(3)
Jane Rutherford
Fetal Cardiac Problems
Fetal arrhythmias	87	(3)
Helena Gardiner
Cardiac malformations	90	(4)
Helena Gardiner
Craniospinal and Facial Abnormalities
Open neural tube defects: anencephaly, cephalocele and spina bifida	94	(1)
Jane Rutherford
Hydrocephalus	95	(1)
Jane Rutherford
The holoprosencephaly sequence	96	(1)
Jane Rutherford
Facial clefts	96	(1)
Jane Rutherford
Dandy-Walker malformation	97	(1)
Jane Rutherford
Aneurysm of the vein of Galen	97	(1)
Jane Rutherford
Hydranencephaly	97	(1)
Jane Rutherford
Microcephaly	98	(1)
Jane Rutherford
Agenesis of the corpus callosum	98	(1)
Jane Rutherford
Intracranial hemorrhage and porencephaly	98	(1)
Jane Rutherford
Choroid plexus cyst	99	(1)
Jane Rutherford
Cystic hygroma	100	(1)
Jane Rutherford
Caudal regression syndrome	100	(1)
Jane Rutherford
Genitourinary Malformations
Gentourinary malformations	101	(4)
Peter McParland
Gastrointestinal Abnormalities
Omphalocele	105	(1)
Bryan Beattie
Gastroschisis	106	(2)
Bryan Beattie
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia	108	(3)
Bryan Beattie
Esophageal atresia (± fistula)	111	(1)
David James
Duodenal atresia	112	(1)
Bryan Beattie
Jejunoileal atresia	113	(1)
Bryan Beattie
Large bowel obstruction, anal atresia, imperforate anus	114	(1)
David James
Meconium ileus/peritonitis	115	(2)
David James
Intra-abdominal echolucent ('cystic') structures	117	(1)
David James
Echogenic bowel and liver	117	(2)
David James
Skeletal Abnormalities
Skeletal abnormalities	119	(1)
David James
Fetal Endocrinology
Fetal hyperthyroidism	120	(1)
Jane Rutherford
Fetal hypothyroidism	121	(2)
Jane Rutherford
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia	123	(2)
Jane Rutherford
Fetal Tumors
Fetal tumors	125	(12)
Jane Rutherford
INFECTION
Infection
Measles (rubeola)	137	(1)
David Howe
Clare Tower
Rubella	137	(2)
David Howe
Clare Tower
Varicella-zoster virus	139	(1)
David Howe
Clare Tower
Cytomegalovirus	140	(1)
David Howe
Clare Tower
Parvovirus B19	140	(1)
David Howe
Clare Tower
Herpes simplex virus (genital)	141	(1)
David Howe
Clare Tower
Hepatitis B virus	142	(3)
David Howe
Clare Tower
Human immunodeficiency virus	145	(1)
David Howe
Clare Tower
Listeriosis	146	(1)
David Howe
Clare Tower
Toxoplasmosis	147	(1)
David Howe
Clare Tower
Urinary tract infections	148	(1)
Ed Howarth
Intra-amniotic infections (chorioamnionitis)	149	(1)
Ed Howarth
Sexually transmitted diseases	150	(4)
Ed Howarth
Candidiasis	154	(1)
Ed Howarth
Group B streptococcal infection	155	(1)
Ed Howarth
Tuberculosis	156	(2)
Ed Howarth
Malaria	158	(1)
Ed Howarth
Lyme disease	159	(4)
Ed Howarth
MATERNAL PROBLEMS
Smoking and Drugs
Cigarette smoking	163	(2)
Doris Campbell
Alcohol	165	(1)
Doris Campbell
Drug abuse: general	166	(1)
Doris Campbell
Drug abuse: specific - heroin, cocaine, barbiturates etc.	167	(1)
Doris Campbell
Medication during pregnancy	168	(5)
David James
Hypertension, Preeclampsia and Eclampsia
Chronic hypertension	173	(1)
Margaret Ramsay
Preeclampsia	174	(5)
Margaret Ramsay
Severe/acute hypertension	179	(3)
Margaret Ramsay
Eclampsia	182	(4)
Margaret Ramsay
Diabetes
Diabetes	186	(5)
Robert Fraser
Cardiac Disease
Cardiac disease: general	191	(2)
Catherine Nelson-Piercy
Cardiac disease: specific	193	(7)
Catherine Nelson-Piercy
Thyroid Disease
Hyperthyroidism	200	(1)
Robert Fraser
Hypothyroidism	201	(1)
Robert Fraser
Thyroid nodule in pregnancy	202	(1)
Robert Fraser
Pituitary and Adrenal Disease
Pituitary disorders	203	(2)
Janet Cresswell
Adrenal disease	205	(2)
Janet Cresswell
Hematological Disease
Iron- and folate-deficiency anemia	207	(2)
Janet Cresswell
Sickle-cell anemia	209	(1)
Janet Cresswell
Thrombocytopenia	210	(4)
Clare Tower
Abnormalities in neutrophil count	214	(1)
Clare Tower
Coagulation disorders: congenital	214	(2)
Philip Owen
Coagulation disorders: acquired	216	(1)
Philip Owen
Nonleukemic myeloproliferative disorders	217	(1)
Philip Owen
Hematological malignancies	218	(5)
Jane Gould
Respiratory Disease
Breathlessness	223	(1)
Tracey Johnson
Asthma	223	(3)
Tracey Johnson
Sarcoid	226	(1)
Tracey Johnson
Tuberculosis	227	(1)
Tracey Johnson
Kyphoscoliosis	228	(1)
Tracey Johnson
Cystic fibrosis (maternal)	229	(1)
Tracey Johnson
Pneumonia	229	(2)
Tracey Johnson
Hepatic and Gastrointestinal Disease
Obstetric cholestasis	231	(1)
Mike Maresh
Acute fatty liver of pregnancy	232	(1)
Mike Maresh
Hyperemesis gravidarum	232	(1)
Mike Maresh
The liver in severe preeclampsia	233	(2)
Mike Maresh
Peptic ulceration in pregnancy	235	(1)
Mike Maresh
Celiac disease in pregnancy	235	(1)
Mike Maresh
Inflammatory bowel disease in pregnancy	236	(1)
Mike Maresh
Neuromuscular Disease
Seizures	237	(3)
Karen Brackley
Cerebrovascular disease	240	(3)
Karen Brackely
Headache	243	(2)
Diana Dunlop
Mononeuropathies	245	(1)
David Churchill
Polyneuropathies	246	(1)
David Churchill
Myotonic dystrophy	247	(1)
Mike Lumb
Multiple sclerosis	248	(2)
Mike Lumb
Cerebral tumors	250	(2)
Andrew Dawson
Movement disorders	252	(1)
Andrew Dawson
Cerebral abscess	253	(1)
Andrew Dawson
Renal Disease
Chronic renal insufficiency	254	(2)
David Williams
Chronic hemodialysis	256	(1)
David Williams
Renal transplantation	257	(2)
David Williams
Acute renal failure	259	(1)
David Williams
Nephrolithiasis	260	(2)
David Williams
Autoimmune Disease
Systemic lupus erythematosus	262	(2)
Janet Ashworth
Antiphospholipid syndrome	264	(2)
Janet Ashworth
Rheumatoid arthritis	266	(1)
Janet Ashworth
Systemic sclerosis	267	(1)
Janet Ashworth
Myasthenia gravis	268	(3)
Janet Ashworth
Orthopedic, Back and Joint Problems
General evaluation of back and pelvic pain	271	(1)
Aneesa Lala
Management of back and pelvic pain during pregnancy	272	(1)
Aneesa Lala
Scoliosis	273	(1)
Aneesa Lala
Pelvic arthropathy	273	(1)
Aneesa Lala
Rupture of the pubic symphysis	274	(1)
Aneesa Lala
Hip problems	274	(1)
Aneesa Lala
Thromboembolic Disease
Thromboembolic disease	275	(3)
Roy Farquharson
Dermatological Problems
Preexisting skin disorders	278	(2)
Fiona Fairlie
Pruritus in pregnancy	280	(2)
Fiona Fairlie
Rashes in pregnancy	282	(2)
Fiona Fairlie
Benign Gynecological Disease
Subfertility	284	(2)
Ian Mahady
Farah Siddiqui
Ovarian cysts	286	(1)
Ian Mahady
Farah Siddiqui
Fibroids	287	(2)
Ian Mahady
Farah Siddiqui
Prolapse	289	(1)
Ian Mahady
Farah Siddiqui
Other gynecological diseases and problems	290	(2)
Ian Mahady
Farah Siddiqui
Malignant Disease (Nonhematological)
Cervical cancer	292	(1)
John Williams
Farah Siddiqui
Ovarian cancer	293	(2)
John Williams
Farah Siddiqui
Other gynecological malignant disease	295	(1)
John Williams
Farah Siddiqui
Breast cancer	295	(2)
Paul Ayuk
Malignant melanoma	297	(1)
Paul Ayuk
Colorectal carcinoma	298	(1)
Paul Ayuk
Thyroid cancer	299	(2)
Paul Ayuk
Trauma
General management options	301	(1)
Michelle Mohajer
Blunt trauma	302	(1)
Michelle Mohajer
Penetrating trauma	303	(2)
Diana Fothergill
Burns	305	(2)
Diana Fothergill
Electrical injury	307	(1)
Michelle Mohajer
Perimortem cesarean section	308	(1)
Michelle Mohajer
Abdominal Pain
Round ligament pain	309	(1)
Petra Deering
Severe uterine torsion	309	(1)
Petra Deering
Heartburn, excess vomiting and constipation	310	(1)
Petra Deering
Uterine fibroids	311	(1)
Petra Deering
Uterine rupture	312	(2)
Petra Deering
Torsion or adnexa	314	(1)
Petra Deering
Appendicitis	314	(1)
Petra Deering
Intestinal obstruction	315	(1)
Petra Deering
Cholecystitis	315	(2)
Petra Deering
Acute pancreatitis	317	(1)
Petra Deering
Abdominal pregnancy	318	(3)
Petra Deering
LATE PREGNANCY
Bleeding in Late Pregnancy
Bleeding in late pregnancy	321	(3)
David Penman
Multiple Pregnancy
Multiple pregnancy: general	324	(4)
Etelka Moll
Multiple pregnancy: specific problems	328	(4)
Etelka Moll
Prematurity
Threatened and actual preterm labor	332	(4)
Rajesh Varma
Premature rupture of the membranes	336	(7)
Rajesh Varma
LABOR AND DELIVERY
Labor and Delivery Problems
Breech presentation	343	(3)
Ian Scudamore
Unstable lie	346	(2)
Sandra Newbold
Prolonged pregnancy	348	(3)
Sandra Newbold
Induction of labor and termination for fetal abnormality	351	(3)
Jane Thomas
Poor progress in labor	354	(5)
Harry Gee
Fetal distress in labor	359	(6)
Tony Kelly
Pain during parturition	365	(3)
Tim Overton
Assisted vaginal delivery	368	(3)
Mark Selinger
David James
Previous cesarean section	371	(4)
Lucy Kean
Cesarean section	375	(6)
Lucy Kean
POSTNATAL
Postnatal Problems
Postpartum hemorrhage	381	(4)
Sunita Sharma
Hazem El-Refaey
Other problems of the third stage	385	(2)
Sunita Sharma
Hazem El-Refaey
Resuscitation and immediate care of the newborn	387	(3)
Janet Rennie
Counseling about neonatal problems	390	(3)
Janet Rennie
Puerperal problems	393	(5)
Doris Campbell
Postnatal contraception and sterilization	398	(4)
Ronnie Lamont
Paul Adinkra
Index	402