Evolutionary Catastrophes: The Science of Mass Extinction

by Vincent Courtillot , Translated by Joe McClinton

• ISBN13: 9780521891189
• ISBN10: 0521891183
• Edition: Reprint
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-03-18
• Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Summary

Why did the dinosaurs and two-thirds of all living species vanish from the face of the Earth sixty-five million years ago? Throughout the history of life a small number of catastrophic events have caused mass extinction, and changed the path of evolution forever. Two main theories have emerged to account for these dramatic events: asteroid impact, and massive volcanic eruptions, both leading to nuclear-like winter. In recent years, the impact hypothesis has gained precedence, but Vincent Courtillot suggests that cataclysmic volcanic activity can be linked not only to the K-T mass extinction, but to most of the main mass extinction events in the history of the Earth. Courtillot's book debunks some of the myths surrounding one of the most controversial arguments in science. This story will fascinate everyone interested in the history of life and death on our planet.

Author Biography

Vincent Courtillot is a graduate of the Paris School of Mines, Stanford University, and University of Paris. He is Professor of Geophysics at the University of Paris (Denis Diderot). His work has focused on time variations of the Earth's magnetic field, plate tectonics (continental rifting and collision), magnetic reversals, and flood basalts and their possible relation to mass extinctions. Courtillot was director of graduate studies and funding of academic research of the French Ministry of National Education (1989-93), president of the European Union of Geosciences (1995-97), and Director of Institut de Physique du Globe. He has been a consultant for the French Geological Survey (BRGM). He is a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union, Member of Academia Europaea, and Associate of the Royal Astronomical Society, and he won the Silver Medal of the French Science Foundation (CNRS) in 1993. He has lectured at Stanford University, the University of California at Santa Barbara, Caltech (Fairchild Distinguished Scholar), and the University of Minnesota (Gerald Stanton Ford Lecturer) and is a senior member of Institut Universitaire de France. In June 1997, he became special advisor to the Minister of National Education, Research and Technology and in December 1998 Director of Research for the Ministry, in charge of higher education and research. Vincent Courtillot is a Chevalier de l'ordre national du Merite and Chevalier de la Legion d'Honneur.

Table of Contents

Preface	vii
Preface to the English edition	xii
Foreword	xiii
Professor Claude J. Allegre
Mass extinction	1	(22)
An asteroid impact	23	(22)
From the roof of the world to the Deccan Traps	45	(12)
The volcanic scenario	57	(16)
Plumes and hot spots	73	(15)
A remarkable correlation	88	(13)
Nemesis or Shiva?	101	(18)
Chicxulub	119	(16)
Controversy and coincidence	135	(9)
Improbable catastrophes and the flukes of evolution	144	(13)
Glossary	157	(10)
Index of authors	167	(2)
Subject index	169