This textbook focuses on the relationship between physical exercise and cognition, a very timely and important topic with major theoretical and practical implications for a number of areas including ageing, neurorehabilitation, depression and dementia. It brings together a wide range of analytical approaches and experimental results to provide a very useful overview and synthesis of this growing field of study.The book is divided into three parts: Part I covers the conceptual, theoretical and methodological underpinnings and issues. Part II focuses on advances in exercise and cognition research, with appropriate sub-sections on 'acute' and 'chronic' exercise and cognition. Part III presents an overview of the area and makes suggestions for the direction of future research.This text provides a cutting-edge examination of this increasingly important area written by leading experts from around the world. The book will prove invaluable to researchers and practitioners in a number of fields, including exercise science, cognitive science, neuroscience and clinical medicine.Key Features: Unique in-depth investigation of the relationship between physical exercise and brain function. Covers theoretical approaches and experimental results and includes chapters on the latest developments in research design. Examines the effects of both acute and chronic exercise on brain function. International list of contributors, who are leading researchers in their field.

Professor Terry McMorris, University of Chichester, UK

Dr Phillip Tomporowski, University of Georgia, USA

Professor Michel Audiffren, University of Poitiers, France

Preface	p. ix
Contributors	p. xi
Theoretical and Methodological Issues	p. 1
Acute exercise and psychological functions: a cognitive-energetic approach	p. 3
Varieties of exercise effects on psychological variables	p. 4
The cognitive psychology approach	p. 9
The energetic approach	p. 11
Exercise effects and cognitive-energetic models	p. 14
Sensorimotor and cognitive functions affected by exercise	p. 24
Limits of the cognitive-energetic approach and future perspectives	p. 33
Conclusion	p. 39
Exercise and cognitive function: a neuroendocrinological explanation	p. 41
Catecholamines and 5-hydroxytryptamine as brain neurotransmitters	p. 41
How exercise induces increases in brain concentrations of noradrenaline, dopamine, cortisol and 5-hydroxytryptamine	p. 43
Exercise, catecholamines, cortisol and cognition: research	p. 50
Task type	p. 59
Discussion	p. 63
Developing a neuroendocrinological model for an interaction between exercise and cognition	p. 67
The transient hypofrontality theory and its implications for emotion and cognition	p. 69
Clearing the ground	p. 71
Exercise-induced transient hypofrontality	p. 73
Implications for emotion	p. 79
Implications for cognition	p. 81
Reconceptualizing the existing data in the field	p. 87
Methodological issues: research approaches, research design, and task selection	p. 91
Research approaches	p. 92
Research design issues	p. 99
Task selection issues	p. 106
Conclusions and recommendations	p. 112
Acute Exercise and Cognition	p. 115
Exercise, dehydration and cognitive function	p. 117
Exercise-induced dehydration and cognitive function	p. 119
Discussion	p. 128
Conclusions	p. 134
Exercise, nutrition and cognition	p. 135
Fatigue and limits to human performance	p. 136
Assessing the effects of exercise and nutrition on cognitive performance	p. 138
Nutrition, exercise and cognitive performance	p. 142
Micronutrients, exercise and cognitive performance	p. 145
Nutritional ergogenic aids and cognitive performance	p. 147
Integration of research observations	p. 148
Challenges in research	p. 150
Conclusion	p. 151
A chronometric and electromyographic approach to the effect of exercise on reaction time	p. 153
Research	p. 156
Conclusion	p. 159
Acute aerobic exercise effects on event-related brain potentials	p. 161
Executive control	p. 163
Neuroelectric measurement	p. 164
Event-related brain potentials during exercise	p. 165
Event-related brain potentials following exercise	p. 170
Future directions and conclusions	p. 177
Exercise and decision-making in team games	p. 179
Designing a decision-making test	p. 180
Research results	p. 183
Ecological validity and future research	p. 189
Implications for team games players and coaches	p. 192
Blood glucose and brain metabolism in exercise	p. 193
Cerebral metabolism during exercise	p. 194
Cerebral oxygenation	p. 202
Cerebral metabolism	p. 203
Acute hypoglycemia	p. 209
Conclusions	p. 209
Future research	p. 210
	p. 210
Chronic Exercise and Cognition	p. 211
An integrated approach to the effect of acute and chronic exercise on cognition: the linked role of individual and task constraints	p. 213
The gap between acute and chronic exercise research	p. 213
Individual constraints on the acute exercise-cognition relationship: the role of chronic exercise effects	p. 215
Effect of physical fitness: links to exercise intensity and to the time relation between physical exercise and cognitive task	p. 218
Effect of cognitive expertise: links to cognitive task complexity, exercise intensity and duration, and age	p. 219
Effect of motor coordination skills: links to physical exercise complexity, intensity and duration	p. 223
Bridging the gap between acute and chronic exercise studies	p. 225
Chronic exercise and cognition in older adults	p. 227
Theoretical underpinnings	p. 228
Empirical evidence	p. 230
Moderators of the relationship	p. 245
Practical conclusions	p. 245
Challenges	p. 246
Future research	p. 247
Exercise and cognition in children	p. 249
Definition of terms	p. 249
Literature review	p. 250
The Medical College of Georgia study	p. 254
Potential mechanisms	p. 262
Summary and recommendations for future research	p. 266
Chronic exercise and developmental disabilities	p. 269
Defining terms	p. 269
Research investigating the effects of exercise on cognition among the developmentally disabled	p. 272
Problems to address and future research considerations	p. 279
Practical applications and conclusions	p. 282
Chronic exercise in brain diseases	p. 285
Observational studies of physical activity	p. 286
Physical activity intervention studies	p. 288
Physical activity, cognition and different types of dementia	p. 298
Role of vascular disease	p. 302
Neurodegenerative disease, nitric oxide, vascular disease and physical activity	p. 305
Final conclusion	p. 305
Discussion and Conclusion	p. 307
Summary and direction for future research	p. 309
Summary: emerging theoretical approaches	p. 309
Summary of research results	p. 312
Future theoretically driven research	p. 314
Future applied research	p. 316
General summary	p. 317
References	p. 319
Index	p. 375
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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