Facets of Globalization

by Yusuf, Shahid; Evenett, Simon; Wu, Weiping

• ISBN13: 9780821347423
• ISBN10: 082134742X
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2001-12-01
• Publisher: World Bank

Summary

Since 1985, national economies have become increasingly integrated into a global network. At the same time, both population and production in developing countries are becoming concentrated in urban regions. This, in turn, has generated demands for more local autonomy, shifting more decision making to sub-national levels. Globalization is expected to continue leading to greater openness and international mobility of capital and people. There are few reasons to believe that these trends will abate-if anything, they are likely to intensify the focus on cities and sharpen competition among these for international and local resources. This volume underscores the transformative role of globalization and urbanization and shows the interplay between the two forces.

Table of Contents

Preface	vii
Global Integration, Regional Development, and the Dynamics of Urbanization: An Introduction	ix
Simon J. Evenett
Shahid Yusuf
Globalization and Growing Regional Inequalities	ix
Supranational Ramifications of Globalization: Regional Integration and International Environmental Concerns	xi
The Rise of Local Politics and the Implications for National Governance Structures	xii
Poverty Alleviation in an Era of Urbanization	xiv
Concluding Remarks	xv
References	xv
Part I. Global Systems and the New Dynamics	1	(54)
Finance, Financial Regulation, and Economic Development: An International Perspective	3	(8)
Lawrence J. White
Finance Is Special	3	(1)
The Opaqueness-Transparency Paradigm	4	(2)
Implications of the Opaqueness-Transparency Paradigm	6	(2)
Conclusion	8	(1)
References	8	(3)
Globalization, Foreign Direct Investment, and Urbanization in Developing Countries	11	(36)
Victor F. S. Sit
Testing the Relationship between Urbanization and Foreign Direct Investment	15	(3)
The Case of Exo-Urbanization	18	(5)
Mega-Urban and Extended Metropolitan Regions	23	(9)
Cities as Centers for New Opportunities and Competitiveness	32	(7)
Conclusion: Response to the Asian Financial Crisis and Policy Suggestions	39	(3)
References	42	(5)
Global Environmental Imperatives and Institutions to Ensure Sustainability	47	(8)
Gernot Klepper
Growth, the Environment, and Sustainability	47	(1)
The Issues Ahead	48	(3)
Global Environmental Imperatives	51	(2)
Conclusion	53	(1)
References	53	(2)
Part II. East Asia and Globalization	55	(222)
The Greater China Growth Triangle in the Asian Financial Crisis	57	(22)
Yak-yeow Kueh
Greater China as a Process of Economic Integration	57	(2)
Capital Flows within Greater China during the Asian Financial Crisis	59	(5)
Impact on Trade Flows within Greater China	64	(4)
Government Policies, Economic Consequences, and Longer-Term Implications	68	(5)
Prospects for Further Economic Cooperation within Greater China	73	(3)
References	76	(3)
Regional Development Policies in Brazil, China, and Indonesia	79	(14)
Junichi Yamada
Regional Disparities	80	(1)
Reasons behind Regional Disparities	81	(7)
Current Regional Development Strategies	88	(3)
Conclusion	91	(1)
References	92	(1)
The Impact of Globalization on China's Economy	93	(12)
Shuqing Guo
The Effects of Openness	94	(2)
Meeting the Challenges of Economic Globalization	96	(3)
Policy Responses to the Asian Financial Crisis	99	(2)
Perspectives on the Process of Globalization	101	(2)
References	103	(2)
Globalization and Urbanization in the Republic of Korea	105	(16)
Sang-Chuel Choe
Won Bae Kim
Korea's Urbanization Path	106	(5)
Policy Responses	111	(4)
Current Issues and Prospects	115	(2)
Conclusions	117	(1)
References	118	(3)
Cities and Governments	121	(26)
Edward L. Glaeser
Jordan Rappaport
What Does Sound Urban Policy Entail?	122	(1)
Nine Empirical Issues	123	(13)
Lessons for Central Government	136	(4)
Lessons for Local Government Behavior from Economic Theory	140	(4)
Conclusion	144	(1)
References	144	(3)
Urban Governance and Politics in a Global Context: The Growing Importance of Localities	147	(24)
Richard Stren
Components of the Local: Urban Civil Society	147	(9)
Components of the Local: Democratization	156	(5)
Components of the Local: The New Localism	161	(2)
Conclusions	163	(2)
References	165	(6)
Crime As a Social Cost of Poverty and Inequality: A Review Focusing on Developing Countries	171	(22)
F. Bourguignon
Crime and Crime Trends: International Comparisons of Orders of Magnitude	172	(3)
Crime, Poverty, and Inequality: What Economic Theory Has to Say	175	(6)
The Limited Available Evidence on the Relationships among Inequality, Poverty, and Crime	181	(8)
Conclusion	189	(1)
References	190	(3)
Urban Poverty: Some Thoughts About its Scale and Nature and About Responses to It	193	(28)
Diana Mitlin
David Satterthwaite
Defining Urban Poverty	193	(3)
Seeking to Explain the Influence of Key Economic and Spatial Trends on Urban Poverty	196	(8)
Community Initiatives and Poverty Reduction	204	(4)
Measures that Increase Access to Jobs	208	(4)
Central Government's Future Role in Alleviating Urban Poverty	212	(3)
References	215	(6)
Urban Poverty Alleviation in the Age of Globalization in Pacific Asia	221	(16)
Yue-man Yeung
Urban Poverty Status	221	(2)
Poverty Alleviation Initiatives	223	(5)
Factors Affecting Urban Poverty	228	(3)
Social Polarization in Hong Kong	231	(2)
A Policy Framework	233	(1)
References	234	(3)
Financing of Subnational Public Investment in India	237	(22)
Rakesh Mohan
State Government Financing of Investment	238	(8)
Financing of Investment by Local Governments	246	(5)
A New Approach to Financing Public Investment	251	(4)
Annex A.13.1.Extracts from the 74th Constitutional Amendment, 1992	255	(2)
References	257	(2)
Analysis of Spatial Organization and Transportation Demand in an Expanding Urban Area: Sendai, Japan, 1972-92	259	(18)
Naohiro Kitano
Analysis of Spatial Organization and Transportation Demand in the City of Sendai	260	(7)
Policy Issues in City Planning and Urban Transportation Infrastructure Provision	267	(5)
Conclusion and Policy Implications	272	(2)
Appendix 14.1. Spatial Statistical Methods	274	(3)
References	277