Worldwide loss of life and property from fire is a huge problem. Inaddition to education of consumers to use smoke detectors and to use commonsense in the household where potential fires may occur, scientists aredeveloping new technologies to enhance fire safety. This book describes some ofthe key scientific advances in all areas of fire retardancy and hascontributions from almost all of the leading worldwide groups who are active inthis area.

Preface

xi

Fire Retardancy in 2005

1

(7)

Gordon L. Nelson

Charles A. Wilkie

Nanocomposites

A Review of Recent Work in the Fire Retardancy of Nanocomposites

8

(13)

Charles A. Wilkie

Xiaoxia Zheng

Grace Chigwada

Marius Costache

Bok Nam Jang

Jinguo Zhang

Combined Fire Retardant Action of Phosphonated Structures and Clay Dispersion in Epoxy Resin

21

(15)

G. Camino

G. Tartaglione

A. Frache

C. Manferti

P. Finocchiaro

L. Falqui

Thermal Degradation and Flammability of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Containing TiO2 Nanoparticles and Modified Montmorillonite

36

(12)

A. Laachachi

M. Cochez

M. Ferriol

E. Leroy

J. M. Lopez Cuesta

The Effects of Inorganic--Organic Cations on EVA--Magadiite Nanocomposite Flammability

48

(13)

Alexander B. Morgan

Paul D. Whaley

Thomas S. Lin

Jeffrey M. Cogen

Fire Retardancy of Polypropylene--Metal Hydroxide Nanocomposites

61

(14)

Jinguo Zhang

Charles A. Wilkie

PVC and PVC--V Ac Nanocomposites: Negative Effects on Thermal Stability

75

(14)

Marco Zanetti

Simona Valesella

Maria Paola Luda

Luigi Costa

Thermal Stability and Fire Behavior of Intumescent Systems in Presence of Layered Inorganic Fillers and Silica

89

(14)

S. Duquesne

J. Lefebvre

S. Bourbigot

R. Delobel

P. Recourt

Fire Retardancy of Polystyrene Nanocomposites Using Naphthenate-Containing Clays

103

(14)

Grace Chigwada

David D. Jiang

Charles A. Wilkie

Effect of Interfaces in Metal Hydroxide-Type and Intumescent Flame Retarded Nanocomposites

117

(14)

Gy. Marosi

S. Keszei

Sz. Matko

Gy. Bertalan

Development of New Fire Retardant Additives Based on Hybrid Inorganic-Organic Nanodimensional Layered Compounds: Thermal Degradation of PMMA Composites

131

(13)

Everson Kandare

Daniel Hall

David D. Jiang

Jeanne M. Hossenlopp

Thermal Stability and Flammability of Polymer--Silica Nanocomposites Prepared via Extrusion

144

(11)

Feng Yang

Ria Yngard

Aliea Hernberg

Gordon L. Nelson

Effect of Layered Silicate Nanocomposites on Burning Behavior of Conventionally Flame-Retarded Unsaturated Polyesters

155

(17)

B. K. Kandola

S. Nazare

A. R. Horrocks

P. Myler

Mechanistic Aspects of Nanoeffect on Poly(acrylic ester)--GO Composites: TGA-FTIR Study on Thermal Degradation and Flammability of Polymer Layered Graphite Oxide Composites

172

(13)

Jianqi Wang

Zhidong Han

Navy R&D Programs for Improving the Fire Safety of Composite Materials

185

(15)

Usman Sorathia

Ignacio Perez

Specific Fire Retardants

Synergistic Aspects of the Combination of Magnesium Hydroxide and Ammonium Polyphosphate in Flame Retardancy of Ethylene--Vinyl Acetate Copolymer

200

(13)

Serge Bourbigot

Sophie Duquesne

Zakia Sebih

Sebastien Segura

Rene Delobel

Mechanism for the Reductive Dehalogenation of ``Dechlorane Plus'' by Mixtures of Antimony(III) Oxide and Polymers

213

(11)

Jing Zhang

William H. Starnes, Jr.

Borates as Fire Retardants in Halogen-Free Polymers

224

(13)

Kelvin K. Shen

Eric Olson

In Search of Synergy Using Conventional Fire Tests

237

(15)

L. J. Russell

D. C. O. Marney

V. P. Dowling

Specific Polymers

Mechanisms of the Flame Retardant Behavior of Covalently Bonded Phosphorus in Poly(methyl methacrylates)

252

(14)

Dennis Price

L. K. Cunliffe

K. J. Bullett

T. R. Hull

G. J. Milnes

J. R. Ebdon

B. J. Hunt

P. Joseph

Synthesis, Characterization, and Cure Properties of a Halogen-Free Phosphate-Based Inherently Flame Retardant Epoxy Resin

266

(14)

Xiaodong Wang

Recent Progress in Flame Retardancy of Polyurethane and Polyisocyanurate Foams

280

(11)

Sergei V. Levchik

Edward D. Weil

Fire-Resistant Flexible Foams for High-Risk Cushioning Applications

291

(15)

Chandrasiri Jayakody

Dan Myers

Carl Ogburn

Modeling and Toxicity

Molecular Modeling of the Thermal Decomposition of Polymers

306

(15)

Stanislav I. Stoliarov

Phillip R. Westmoreland

Huiqing Zhang

Richard E. Lyon

Marc R. Nyden

Smoke Toxicity Measurements of Automotive Materials

321

(13)

Keith R. Willson

Marc L. Janssens

A. Leigh Griffith

Karen C. Carpenter

Jason P. Huczek

Products of Rigid PVC Burning under Various Fire Conditions

334

(14)

Krzysztof Lebek

T. Richard Hull

Dennis Price

Methodology for Small-Scale Toxic Hazard Assessment of Burning Cables

348

(18)

T. Richard Hull

Claire L. Wills

Krzysztof Lebek

Keith Paul

Dennis Price

New High-Temperature Polymers

Alternatives to Thermal Curing in Diacetylene-Containing Carboranylenesiloxanes

366

(12)

Manoj K. Kolel-Veetil

Teddy M. Keller

Processable Phthalonitrile Resins with High-Thermal and Oxidative Stability

378

Matthew Laskoski

Dawn D. Dominguez

Teddy M. Keller

Indexes

Author Index

391

(2)

Subject Index

393

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