First Peoples : A Documentary Survey of American Indian History

by Calloway, Colin G.

• ISBN13: 9780312150037
• ISBN10: 0312150032
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1999-01-01
• Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education

Summary

First Peoples is the only book of its kind: a complete text with readings for the undergraduate survey course in Native American history. Written by a noted scholar and experienced textbook author, First Peoples combines documentary evidence with narrative that can anchor a course whether assigned alone or with a variety of supplements. Each chapter includes a brief narrative; primary-source documents, with headnotes and questions; and a topical picture essay.

Table of Contents

Preface	v
Maps	xvii
Introduction	1	(1)
Perspectives on the Past	1	(1)
Writing an American Past: The Master Narrative	2	(2)
Creating an Indian History: A Shared Past	4	(6)
References	9	(1)
American History Before Columbus	10	(57)
Determining What Came Before	10	(3)
Glimpses of Ancient Societies	13	(12)
West Coast Affluence	13	(1)
First Buffalo Hunters of the Plains	14	(2)
First Farmers of the Southwest	16	(4)
Farmers and Mound Builders of the Eastern Woodlands	20	(4)
Emerging Tribes and Confederacies	24	(1)
Seaborne Strangers	25	(3)
References	26	(1)
Suggested Readings	27	(1)
Documents
A Navajo Emergence Story	28	(16)
Hastin Tlo'Tsi Hee, The Beginning (1896)	32	(11)
References	43	(1)
Suggested Readings	43	(1)
The Iroquois Great League of Peace	44	(16)
Chiefs of the Six Nations, The Laws of the Confederacy (1900)	48	(10)
References	58	(1)
Suggested Readings	58	(2)
Picture Essay
Early American Towns and Cities	60	(7)
Ruins of Pueblo Bonito
Mesa Verde
Cahokia Mounds
Aztalan, an Artis's Conception
Bird's Eye View of the Mandan Village
Indian Village of Secoton
References	66	(1)
The Invasions of America, 1492--1680	67	(77)
First Contacts and Enduring Images	67	(3)
Columbian Exchanges and Biological Catastrophes	70	(2)
Indians Confront the Spanish	72	(10)
A Mission for God and Gold	72	(2)
The Conquest of the Aztecs	74	(1)
The Search for Other Empires	75	(2)
From Invasion to Colonization	77	(1)
The Pueblo War of Independence	78	(4)
Indians Confront the French	82	(4)
Commerce, Contagion, and Competition	82	(2)
Pelts and Priests	84	(2)
Indians Confront the English	86	(12)
Securing a Beachhead in Virginia	87	(1)
Making a New England	88	(3)
King Philip's War	91	(3)
References	94	(2)
Suggested Readings	96	(2)
Documents
A Narrative of the De Soto Invasion	98	(11)
Account of the Northern Conquest and Discovery of Hernando de Soto (c. 1546)	102	(5)
Rodrigo Rangel
References	107	(1)
Suggested Readings	107	(2)
The Jesuits in New France	109	(14)
The Mission to the Hurons (1635--37)	112	(9)
Jean De Brebeuf
References	121	(1)
Suggested Readings	122	(1)
Two Views of King Philip	123	(14)
Increase Mather, A Brief History of the Warr with the Indians in New England (1676)	126	(1)
``Eulogy on King Philip'' (1836)	127	(9)
William Apess
References	136	(1)
Suggested Readings	136	(1)
Picture Essay
Images of Invasion	137	(7)
Spaniards on Horseback
The Discovery of the Mississippi by De Soto in 1541
The Baptism of Pocahontas at Jamestown, Virginia, 1613
The First Thanksgiving
The Founding of Maryland
The Last Supper
References	143	(1)
Indians in Colonial and Revolutionary America, 1680--1786	144	(67)
Indians in Colonial Society, Colonists in Indian Society	144	(3)
The Impact of the Fur Trade	147	(3)
War and Diplomacy in Colonial America	150	(11)
The Language and Lessons of Diplomacy	151	(4)
The Wars for America	155	(2)
Divisions within Tribal Communities	157	(2)
Captives Taken, Captives Returned	159	(2)
Indians and the American Revolution	161	(7)
Attempting to Draw a Line	161	(1)
Taking Sides	162	(2)
Peace Treaties and Pestilence	164	(1)
References	165	(1)
Suggested Readings	166	(2)
Documents
A Captive with the Abenakis	168	(13)
A Narrative of the Captivity of Mrs. Johnson (1796)	171	(9)
Susanna Johnson
References	180	(1)
Suggested Readings	180	(1)
The Revolution Comes to the Cherokees	181	(10)
Report from Cherokee Country (1776)	185	(5)
Henry Stuart
References	190	(1)
Suggested Readings	190	(1)
The Treaty of Fort Finney with the Shawnees	191	(14)
The Journal of General Richard Butler at the Treaty of Fort Finney (1786)	194	(10)
Richard Butler
References	204	(1)
Suggested Readings	204	(1)
Picture Essay
Painting the past: Indians in the Art of an Emerging Nation	205	(6)
Penn's Treaty with the Indians
The Abduction of Daniel Boone's Daughter by the Indians
The Death of Jane McCrea
The Last of Their Race
References	210	(1)
American Indians and the New Nation, 1783--1838	211	(65)
Confronting Expansion with Honor	211	(9)
Developing an Indian Policy	211	(2)
Regulating Expansion	213	(1)
Building a United Defense	213	(3)
Accommodating and Resisting Change	216	(2)
The Last Phases of United Indian Resistance	218	(2)
Indian Removals	220	(7)
Roots of Removal Policy	221	(1)
The Cherokee Resistance	222	(2)
Implementing Removal	224	(3)
Surviving behind the Frontier	227	(6)
References	230	(1)
Suggested Readings	231	(2)
Documents
The Lewis and Clark Expedition	233	(17)
A Winter with the Mandans (1804--1805)	238	(11)
Meriwether Lewis
William Clark
References	249	(1)
Suggested Readings	249	(1)
Foundations of Federal Indian Law	250	(9)
Cherokee Nation v. State of Georgia (1831) and Worcester v. Georgia (1832)	252	(5)
John Marshall
References	257	(1)
Suggested Readings	257	(2)
Picture Essays
Indian Life on the Upper Missouri: A Catlin/Bodmer Portfolio	259	(9)
The Interior of the Hut of a Mandan Chief
Diagram of the Interior of an Earth Lodge
Mint, a Pretty Girl
Ptihn-Tak-Ochata, Dance of the Mandan Women
Pehriska-Ruhpa, Moennitarri Warrior, in the Costume of the Dog Danse
Mandeh-Pachu, Mandan Man
Pigeon's Egg Head (The Light) Going to and Returning from Washington
References	267	(1)
Indians Respond to Removal: Portraits from a McKenney/King Collection	268	(8)
McIntosh
Billy Bowlegs
John Ridge
John Ross
Black Hawk
Keokuk
References	275	(1)
Defending the West, 1830--90	276	(74)
The Native American West before 1830	276	(5)
Horses Transform the Plains	277	(1)
Jostling for Position on the Plains	278	(1)
At the Confluence of Guns and Horses	279	(2)
Winning and Losing the West	281	(11)
The First Attack: Disease	281	(1)
The Arrival of Miners and Settlers	282	(1)
Conflict and Conquest in the Civil War Years	283	(2)
Treaties and Confinement	285	(1)
Battles for the Black Hills	286	(2)
Fighting beside the Blue Coats	288	(2)
The End of Apache Resistance	290	(2)
Adjusting to a Changing World	292	(7)
Living with Change	292	(2)
The Return of the Prophets	294	(2)
References	296	(2)
Suggested Readings	298	(1)
Documents
Sixty Years of Kiowa History	299	(8)
The Dohasan Calendar (1832--92)	303	(3)
References	306	(1)
Suggested Readings	306	(1)
The Treaty of Fort Laramie and the Struggle for the Black Hills	307	(21)
Council with the Brule Sioux, April 28, 1868	314	(4)
Council with the Oglala Sioux, May 24--25, 1868	318	(1)
Council with the Miniconjous, May 27, 1868	318	(2)
Treaty with the Sioux---Brule, Oglala, Miniconjou, Yanktonai, Hunkpapa, Blackfeet, Cuthead, Two Kettle, Sans Arcs, and Santee---and Arapaho, 1868	320	(6)
References	326	(1)
Suggested Readings	327	(1)
Chief Joseph and the Nez Perce Struggle for Freedom	328	(14)
``An Indian's View of Indian Affairs'' (1879)	332	(8)
Chief Joseph
References	340	(1)
Suggested Readings	341	(1)
Picture Essay
The Battle of the Little Big Horn in Myth and History	342	(8)
The Death Struggle of General Custer
Custer's Last Fight
Custer's Last Stand
They Died with Their Boots On
Custer of the West
Little Big Man
Lakotas Fighting Custer's Command
Custer's Dead Cavalry
``Kill the Indian and Save the Man,'' 1870--1924	350	(65)
Americanizing the American Indian	350	(8)
Striking at the Core of Culture	350	(3)
Resistance Takes New Forms	353	(1)
Rethinking the Reservations	353	(2)
The Dawes Allotment Act	355	(2)
Indian Territory Becomes Oklahoma	357	(1)
The Educational Assault on Indian Children	358	(8)
Removing Children from the Tribe	358	(3)
New Lives at School	361	(2)
Surviving the Schools, Using the Education	363	(1)
The Two Worlds of Ohiyesa and Charles Eastman	364	(2)
Survival and Endurance	366	(12)
``I Still Live'': Indians Adapt to New Conditions	367	(3)
A New Native American Religion: The Spread of Peyote	370	(1)
A New Generation of Leaders	370	(3)
Soldiers and Citizens	373	(1)
References	374	(2)
Suggested Readings	376	(2)
Documents
Land and Law as Agents in Educating Indians	378	(11)
``Break Up the Reservations'' (1885)	379	(8)
Merrill E. Gates
References	387	(1)
Suggested Readings	387	(2)
Two Sioux School Experiences	389	(14)
``What a School Could Have Been Established'' (1933)	391	(5)
Luther Standing Bear
``The Melancholy of Those Black Days'' (1921)	396	(6)
Zitkala-Sa
References	402	(1)
Suggested Readings	402	(1)
Picture Essays
The Fort Marion Artists	403	(7)
Cheyenne Warrior Striking an Enemy
Gathering for a Dance
Courtship Scene
On the Parapet of Ft. Marion Next Day after Arrival
Distribution of Goods
Wohaw, Self-Portrait
References	409	(1)
Suggested Readings	409	(1)
Before and After: American Indians and American Schools	410	(5)
Good Night: Prayers before Bedtime at the Phoenix Indian School, 1900
Chiricahua Apache Children on Arrival at Carlisle School
Chiricahua Apache Children after Four Months at Carlisle
Navajo Tom Torlino as He Came to Carlisle and after Three Years at Carlisle
Plenty Horses
References	414	(1)
From New Deal to Wounded Knee, 1933--75	415	(65)
An Era of Indian Policy Reform	415	(6)
John Collier and the Indian New Deal	416	(2)
Returning Indian Government to Indian Hands	418	(1)
The Indian Reorganization Act	418	(1)
Opposing and Disputing the IRA	419	(1)
Navajos Say No	420	(1)
The Push for Termination	421	(9)
The Indian Claims Commission	422	(2)
Removing the Government's Trust Responsibilities	424	(1)
Termination's Impact: The Menominees and Klamaths	425	(1)
Relocation and Urbanization	426	(3)
The New Urban Indians	429	(1)
The Rise of Indian Militancy	430	(5)
The American Indian Movement	430	(1)
The Siege at Wounded Knee	431	(3)
The Legacy of Wounded Knee	434	(1)
Another New Era in Indian Policy?	435	(5)
An Attempt at Restoration	436	(1)
Self-Determination or Subordination?	437	(1)
References	437	(2)
Suggested Readings	439	(1)
Documents
Two Views of the Indian Reorganization Act	440	(14)
An ``Indian Renaissance'' (1935)	443	(5)
John Collier
``A Blueprint for Elected Tyranny'' (1974)	448	(5)
Robert Burnette
John Koster
References	453	(1)
Suggested Readings	453	(1)
Indians in the Cities	454	(11)
Annual Report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, (1954)	455	(1)
Glenn L. Emmons
Anonymous, Life in the City: Chicago (c. 1970)	456	(4)
``Brought to a Brotherhood'' (1983)	460	(3)
Ignatia Broker
References	463	(1)
Suggested Readings	463	(2)
An Indian Militant	465	(7)
``We Are Not Free'' (1967)	467	(4)
Clyde Warrior
References	471	(1)
Suggested Readings	471	(1)
Picture Essay
Twentieth-Century Artists Depict Indian Life	472	(8)
Dakota Teaching
Cheyenne Winter Games
Apache Family
Navajo Girls and Lambs
Florida Seminole Women---Daily Life
Making Wild Rice
Land of Enchantment
Reflections: Tribute to Our Iron Skywalkers
References	479	(1)
The Struggle for Rights and Resources in Modern America, 1970-	480	(66)
The Miner's Canary	480	(1)
The Struggle for Energy Resources	481	(3)
Black Mesa and Laguna Pueblo	481	(2)
From Homeland to Wasteland	483	(1)
Fighting for and against Water	484	(5)
Against the Flood	486	(1)
The Crees Battle Hydro-Quebec	487	(2)
Conflicts in the Courtroom	489	(4)
Land Claims and Fishing Rights	489	(1)
Religious Rights and Human Rights	490	(2)
The Struggle for Repatriation	492	(1)
Old Enemies and New Opportunities	493	(4)
Waging War against Alcohol	493	(2)
Indian Gaming: New Resources and New Tensions	495	(2)
Status and Sovereignty	497	(2)
First Peoples on the Eve of the Twenty-First Century	499	(8)
Diverse Peoples/Different Challenges	499	(2)
Defining ``Indians''	501	(2)
The Looming Environmental Threat	503	(1)
References	504	(2)
Suggested Readings	506	(1)
Documents
Indian Education for Indian People	507	(19)
The Carnegie Foundation, Tribal Colleges: Shaping the Future of Native America (1989)	509	(16)
References	525	(1)
Two Indian Leaders	526	(14)
``Returning the Balance'' (1993)	529	(5)
Wilma Mankiller
``It is in Our Hands'' (1997)	534	(5)
Oren Lyons
References	539	(1)
Picture Essay
American Indians and the American Flag	540	(6)
A Lakota Baby Bonnet
Dancing beneath the Flag
Black Heart
The Flag as Protest
An Indian Stars and Stripes
Indian, 1976
Appendix I Timeline	546	(6)
Appendix II General Reference Works	552	(3)
Appendix III Internet Resources	555	(4)
Index	559