First Portuguese Republic Between Liberalism and Democracy (1910-1926)

by Pereira, Miriam

• ISBN13: 9781845199296
• ISBN10: 1845199294
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2019-02-20
• Publisher: Liverpool University Press

Summary

The first Portuguese Republic stood between 1910 and 1926. Freedom of press and of association became constitutional rights and incentivized a powerful and very diversified associative movement in which trade unions and friendly societies stood out in the political spectrum as they promoted popular education and culture. The time-span studied is characterized by Portugal’s colonial expansion in Africa. Education emerged a different relationship between State and Church, new avenues for the development of economic activity, an increased focus on better labor conditions, and emigration to Brazil. Miriam Halpern Pereira provides a clear overview of the Republic’s many achievements and the internal political and wider international limitations resulting in its downfall.

Author Biography

Miriam Pereira is emeritus professor of Contemporary History at ISCTE/University Institute of Lisbon. She is the founder of the scientific journal Ler História.

Table of Contents

Contents

Acknowledgments
Series Editors’ Preface


Introduction
1. A Step of No Return: The Fall of the Constitutional Monarchy
2. The Republic: The Political Narrative Revisited
2.1. The “Strong Republic” and the Presidents Teófilo Braga, Manuel de Arriaga and Bernardino Machado
2.2. The “New Republic” of Sidónio Pais
2.3. The “New Old Republic” and the Presidents Canto e Castro, António José de Almeida, Teixeira Gomes and Bernardino Machado

Chapter 1 Secularization and Citizenship: The Cultural and Political Project
1. Secularization and Anticlericalism
2. State and Religion
2.1. The Scope of Secularization
2.2. The Law of Separation of the State from the Churches
3. Educating for Citizenship
3.1. From Primary School to University Education
3.2. The Spread of Public Reading

Chapter 2 State and Citizenship
1. Delayed Democracy
2. The New Political Elite
3. The Citizen and the Defence and Security Forces
3.1. The Armed Forces
3.2. The Public Security Forces
4. The State and Labour Relations
5. Feminism and Citizenship

Chapter 3 The Public and Civic Sphere
1. The Media and Public Opinion: The Press, Images and the Radio
2. On the Margins of Power
2.1. In Search of the “Social Republic”
2.2. In Search of Order and Authority with the Catholic Church
3. Associativism
3.1. The Employers’ Associations
3.2. From Workers’ Associations to Trade Unions
3.3. Popular Protest
3.4. Other Forms of Sociability: Mutualism
4. From Mutual Aid to Compulsory Social Insurance: the New Frontiers between
the Public and the Private Spheres

Chapter 4 From the Economy to Finance
1. Tradition, Innovation and the Diversification of Markets
1.1. The Agricultural World
1.2. Factories and Workshops
1.3. International Economic Relations
2. Under the Aegis of the Escudo

Chapter 5. Empire and Emigration
1. The Republic and Colonialism
2. Emigration Policy

Conclusion

General Bibliography
Thematic Bibliography
Index