Forensic Geotechnical and Foundation Engineering, Second Edition

by Day, Robert

• ISBN13: 9780071761338
• ISBN10: 0071761330
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2011-05-02
• Publisher: McGraw Hill

Summary

An up-to-date, all-in-one guide to geotechnical and foundation investigations in forensic engineering Forensic Geotechnical and Foundation Engineering, Second Edition provides a step-by-step approach to conducting a professional forensic geotechnical and foundation investigation. Written by a leading forensic engineer and packed with case studies, the book explains how to: investigate damage, deterioration, or collapse in a structure; evaluate problems caused by settlement, expansive soil, slope movement, moisture, and intrusion; investigate damage from earthquakes and other natural causes; determine what caused the damage; develop repair recommendations; prepare files and reports; avoid civil liability Forensic Geotechnical and Foundation Engineering, Second Edition features: Case studies integrated throughout rather than in appendix New section on timber decay New section on crack diagnostics Coverage of shrinkage of concrete SI units The logical way to study a failurefrom investigation to repair and liability resolution Comprehensive coverage: Assignment; Investigation; Engineering; Settlement of Structures; Expansive Soils; Lateral Movement; Other Geotechnical and Foundation Problems; Groundwater and Moisture Problems; Repairs; Reducing Potential Liability

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xiii
Introduction	p. 1
Definition of a Forensic Engineer	p. 1
Types of Damage	p. 3
Typical Clients	p. 4
Legal Process	p. 5
Civil Litigation	p. 5
Important Legal Terms	p. 6
Discovery	p. 8
Alternative Dispute Resolution	p. 9
Trial	p. 10
Examples	p. 11
Outline of Chapters	p. 17
Assignment and Investigation
The Assignment	p. 27
Preliminary Information	p. 27
Accepting the Assignment	p. 28
Curriculum Vitae	p. 28
Compensation	p. 30
Forensic Engineer's Agreement with the Client	p. 30
Confidentiality	p. 30
The Investigation	p. 33
Planning the Investigation	p. 33
Site Investigation	p. 35
Initial Site Visit	p. 35
Nondestructive Testing	p. 36
Destructive Testing	p. 37
Monitoring	p. 44
Laboratory Testing	p. 49
Document Search	p. 53
Project Reports and Plans	p. 53
Building Codes	p. 55
Technical Documents	p. 55
Analysis and Conclusions	p. 55
Case Study	p. 56
Report Preparation	p. 59
Forensic Geotechnical and Foundation Investigations
Settlement of Structures	p. 65
Introduction	p. 66
Allowable Settlement	p. 66
Different Types of Foundations and Buildings	p. 69
Classification of Cracking Damage	p. 70
Component of Lateral Movement	p. 72
Collapsible Soil	p. 76
Backfill Settlement	p. 79
Other Causes of Settlement	p. 80
Limestone Cavities or Sinkholes	p. 80
Consolidation of Soft and/or Organic Soil	p. 82
Collapse of Underground Mines and Tunnels	p. 83
Ground Subsidence due to Extraction of Oil or Groundwater	p. 86
Settlement of Landfills and Decomposition of Organic Matter	p. 87
Change in Properties with Time	p. 90
Example of Change in Properties with Time	p. 91
Case Studies	p. 92
Expansive Soil	p. 103
Introduction	p. 103
Expansive Soil Factors	p. 104
Laboratory Testing	p. 105
Surcharge Pressure	p. 106
Swelling of Desiccated Clay	p. 106
Identification of Desiccated Clay	p. 107
Hydraulic Conductivity and Rate of Swell	p. 109
Types of Expansive Soil Movement	p. 112
Lateral Movement	p. 112
Vertical Movement	p. 113
Foundation Design for Expansive Soil	p. 114
Conventional Slab-on-Grade Foundation	p. 114
Posttensioned Slab-on-Grade	p. 115
Pier and Grade Beam Support	p. 119
Other Treatment Alternatives	p. 119
Pavements	p. 120
Flexible Pavements	p. 120
Concrete Pavements	p. 125
Flatwork	p. 126
Upward Movement	p. 126
Walking of Flatwork	p. 129
Case Study	p. 131
Lateral Movement	p. 137
Typical Causes of Lateral Movement	p. 137
Allowable Lateral Movement of Buildings	p. 140
Rock Fall	p. 142
Case Studies	p. 144
Surficial Slope Failures	p. 154
Stability Analysis	p. 155
Surficial Failures	p. 156
Gross Slope Failures	p. 154
Case Study	p. 162
Landslides	p. 171
Case Study	p. 174
Debris Flow	p. 187
Case Study	p. 189
Slope Softening and Creep	p. 192
Case Study	p. 192
Trench Cave-Ins	p. 203
Case Study	p. 206
Dam Failures	p. 208
Large Dams	p. 208
Small Dams	p. 212
Landslide Dams	p. 213
Other Geotechnical and Foundation Problems	p. 215
Introduction	p. 215
Earthquakes	p. 216
Surface Faulting and Ground Rupture	p. 217
Liquefaction	p. 220
Slope Movement and Settlement	p. 221
Translation and Rotation	p. 221
Foundation Behavior	p. 222
Erosion	p. 225
Sea Cliffs	p. 227
Badlands	p. 234
Deterioration	p. 234
Sulfate Attack	p. 234
Pavement Deterioration	p. 244
Frost	p. 245
Tree Roots	p. 247
Bearing Capacity Failures	p. 249
Buildings	p. 249
Roads	p. 251
Pumping of Clay	p. 251
Historic Structures	p. 252
Case Study	p. 256
Unusual Soil	p. 260
Case Study	p. 266
Retaining Walls	p. 285
Case Study	p. 290
Shrinkage Cracking of Concrete Foundations	p. 294
Timber Decay of Foundations	p. 302
Soluble Soil Particles	p. 305
Groundwater and Moisture Problems	p. 309
Groundwater	p. 309
Pavements	p. 310
Slopes	p. 312
Moisture Migration through Floor Slabs	p. 315
Moisture Dome Test and Vapor Flow Rate	p. 318
Acceptable Vapor Flow Rates	p. 320
Structural Design and Construction Details	p. 320
Flat Slab Ceilings	p. 321
Moisture Migration through Basement Walls	p. 323
Damage due to Moisture Migration through Basement Walls	p. 323
Structural Design and Construction Details	p. 326
Case Study	p. 327
Pipe Breaks and Clogs	p. 330
Surface Drainage	p. 334
Repairs and Crack Diagnosis
Repairs	p. 341
Development of Repair Recommendations	p. 341
Projects Involving Civil Litigation	p. 342
Repair of Slab-on-Grade Foundations	p. 343
Reinforced Mat	p. 343
Reinforced Mat with Piers	p. 346
Partial Removal and/or Strengthening of the Foundation	p. 348
Concrete Crack Repairs	p. 351
Other Foundation Repair Alternatives	p. 354
Repair of Surficial Slope Failures	p. 355
Rebuild the Failure Area	p. 356
Geogrid Repair	p. 356
Soil-Cement Repair	p. 359
Pipe Piles and Wood Lagging	p. 360
Suitability of Repair Method	p. 362
Summary	p. 363
Repair of Gross Slope Failures and Landslides	p. 363
Pier Walls	p. 364
Crack Diagnosis	p. 377
Introduction	p. 377
Pavements Cracks	p. 377
Cracks in Walls	p. 383
Foundation Cracks	p. 394
Ground Cracks and Fissures	p. 401
Damage due to Earthquakes	p. 419
Cracking to Repaired Structures	p. 430
Reducing Potential Liability
Concluding Chapter	p. 435
Future Outlook for Forensic Engineering	p. 435
Reducing Potential Liability	p. 435
Preparation of Reports and File Management	p. 437
Report Preparation	p. 437
Daily Field Reports	p. 438
File Management	p. 438
Examples of Poor File Management	p. 439
Engineering Jargon, Superlatives, and Technical Words	p. 440
Engineering Jargon	p. 440
Superlatives	p. 441
Technical Words	p. 443
Strategies to Avoid Civil Liability	p. 443
Assessing Risk	p. 444
Insuranco	p. 444
Limitation of Liability Clauses	p. 445
Recommended Practices for Design Professionals Engaged as Experts in the Resolution of Construction Industry Disputes (ASFE)	p. 447
Case Management Order	p. 453
References	p. 475
Index	p. 491
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