Forest Restoration in Landscapes

by Mansourian, Stephanie; Vallauri, Daniel; Dudley, Nigel

• ISBN13: 9780387255255
• ISBN10: 0387255257
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-08-01
• Publisher: Springer Nature

Summary

The importance of restoration continues to grow, and this book integrates the restoration of forest functions into landscape conservation plans. The global conservation organization WWF has made forest landscape restoration a key topic and priority for its environmental work. Due to the WWFa??s extensive global reach, and together with its many partners and counterparts, it has acquired a significant level of experience on the topic of forest restoration at large scales. This book represents the collective body of knowledge and experience of WWF and its many partners--which is collected here for the first time and which will be invaluable to all of those working in the field. This guide will serve as a first stop for practitioners and researchers in any organization or region and as a key reference on the subject. Along with concise, practical information for a variety of specific systems and issues, it gives many suggestions for further research. From the Foreword by Chief Anyaoku, President, WWF International: "Is it a sign of the times that the Nobel committee chose to award the Nobel Peace prize to Wangari Maathai for having planted 30 million trees? We believe so. . . .The 21st Century will be a time of forest restoration."

Table of Contents

Foreword	v
Emeka Anyaoku
Preface	vii
Chris Hails
Note from the Editors	ix
Acknowledgements	xi
Acronyms	xxi
Contributors' List	xxiii
Part A Toward a Wider Perspective in Forest Restoration
Section I Introducing Forest Landscape Restoration
Forest Landscape Restoration in Context	3	(5)
Nigel Dudley
Stephanie Mansourian
Daniel Vallauri
Overview of Forest Restoration Strategies and Terms	8	(9)
Stephanie Mansourian
Section II The Challenging Context Of Forest Restoration Today
Impact of Forest Loss and Degradation on Biodiversity	17	(5)
Nigel Dudley
The Impacts of Degradation and Forest Loss on Human Well-Being and Its Social and Political Relevance for Restoration	22	(9)
Mary Hobley
Restoring Forest Landscapes in the Face of Climate Change	31	(10)
Jennifer Biringer
Lara J. Hansen
Section III Forest Restoration in Modern Broad-Scale Conservation
Restoration as a Strategy to Contribute to Ecoregion Visions	41	(10)
John Morrison
Jeffrey Sayer
Colby Loucks
Why Do We Need to Consider Restoration in a Landscape Context?	51	(8)
Nigel Dudley
John Morrison
James Aronson
Stephanie Mansourian
Addressing Trade-Offs in Forest Landscape Restoration	59	(6)
Katrina Brown
Part B Key Preparatory Steps Toward Restoring Forests Within a Landscape Context
Section IV Overview of the Planning Process
An Attempt to Develop a Framework for Restoration Planning	65	(8)
Daniel Vallauri
James Aronson
Nigel Dudley
Section V Identifying and Addressing Challenges/Constraints
Assessing and Addressing Threats in Restoration Programmes	73	(5)
Doreen Robinson
Perverse Policy Incentives	78	(6)
Kirsten Schuyt
Land Ownership and Forest Restoration	84	(10)
Gonzalo Oviedo
Challenges for Forest Landscape Restoration Based on WWF's Experience to Date	94	(7)
Stephanie Mansourian
Nigel Dudley
Section VI A Suite of Planning Tools
Goals and Targets of Forest Landscape Restoration	101	(8)
Jeffrey Sayer
Identifying and Using Reference Landscapes for Restoration	109	(6)
Nigel Dudley
Mapping and Modelling as Tools to Set Targets, Identify Opportunities, and Measure Progress	115	(6)
Thomas F. Allnutt
Policy Interventions for Forest Landscape Restoration	121	(5)
Nigel Dudley
Negotiations and Conflict Management	126	(10)
Scott Jones
Nigel Dudley
Practical Interventions that Will Support Restoration in Broad-Scale Conservation Based on WWF Experiences	136	(9)
Stephanie Mansourian
Section VII Monitoring and Evaluation
Monitoring Forest Restoration Projects in the Context of an Adaptive Management Cycle	145	(5)
Sheila O'Connor
Nick Salafsky
Dan Salzer
Monitoring and Evaluating Forest Restoration Success	150	(11)
Daniel Vallauri
James Aronson
Nigel Dudley
Ramon Vallejo
Section VIII Financing and Promoting Forest Landscape Restoration
Opportunities for Long-Term Financing of Forest Restoration in Landscapes	161	(5)
Kirsten Schuyt
Payment for Environmental Services and Restoration	166	(5)
Kirsten Schuyt
Carbon Knowledge Projects and Forest Landscape Restoration	171	(5)
Jessica Orrego
Marketing and Communications Opportunities: How to Promote and Market Forest Landscape Restoration	176	(9)
Soh Koon Chng
Part C Implementing Forest Restoration
Section IX Restoring Ecological Functions
Restoring Quality in Existing Native Forest Landscapes	185	(7)
Nigel Dudley
Restoring Soil and Ecosystem Processes	192	(5)
Lawrence R. Walker
Active Restoration of Boreal Forest Habitats for Target Species	197	(6)
Harri Karjalainen
Restoration of Deadwood as a Critical Microhabitat in Forest Landscapes	203	(5)
Nigel Dudley
Daniel Vallauri
Restoration of Protected Area Values	208	(7)
Nigel Dudley
Section X Restoring Socioeconomic Values
Using Nontimber Forest Products for Restoring Environmental, Social, and Economic Functions	215	(8)
Pedro Regato
Nora Berrahmouni
An Historical Account of Fuelwood Restoration Efforts	223	(5)
Don Gilmour
Restoring Water Quality and Quantity	228	(5)
Nigel Dudley
Sue Stolton
Restoring Landscapes for Traditional Cultural Values	233	(8)
Gladwin Joseph
Stephanie Mansourian
Section XI A Selection of Tools that Return Trees to the Landscape
Overview of Technical Approaches to Restoring Tree Cover at the Site Level	241	(9)
Stephanie Mansourian
David Lamb
Don Gilmour
Stimulating Natural Regeneration	250	(7)
Silvia Holz
Guillermo Placci
Managing and Directing Natural Succession	257	(5)
Steve Whisenant
Selecting Tree Species for Plantation	262	(7)
Florencia Montagnini
Developing Firebreaks	269	(5)
Eduard Plana
Rufi Cerdan
Marc Castellnou
Agroforestry as a Tool for Forest Landscape Restoration	274	(11)
Thomas K. Erdmann
Part D Addressing Specific Aspects of Forest Restoration
Section XII Restoration of Different Forest Types
Restoring Dry Tropical Forests	285	(6)
James Aronson
Daniel Vallauri
Tanguy Jaffre
Porter P. Lowry II
Restoring Tropical Moist Broad-Leaf Forests	291	(7)
David Lamb
Restoring Tropical Montane Forests	298	(8)
Manuel R. Guariguata
Restoring Floodplain Forests	306	(7)
Simon Dufour
Herve Piegay
Restoring Mediterranean Forests	313	(7)
Ramon Vallejo
Restoring Temperate Forests	320	(11)
Adrian Newton
Alan Watson Featherstone
Section XIII Restoring After Disturbances
Forest Landscape Restoration After Fires	331	(8)
Peter Moore
Restoring Forests After Violent Storms	339	(6)
Daniel Vallauri
Managing the Risk of Invasive Alien Species in Restoration	345	(5)
Jeffrey A. McNeely
First Steps in Erosion Control	350	(6)
Steve Whisenant
Restoring Forests After Land Abandonment	356	(5)
Jose M. Rey Benayas
Restoring Overlogged Tropical Forests	361	(9)
Cesar Sabogal
Robert Nasi
Opencast Mining Reclamation	370	(9)
Jose Manuel Nicolau Ibarra
Mariano Moreno de las Heras
Section XIV Plantations in the Landscape
The Role of Commercial Plantations in Forest Landscape Restoration	379	(5)
Jeffrey Sayer
Chris Elliot
Attempting to Restore Biodiversity in Even-Aged Plantations	384	(8)
Florencia Montagnini
Best Practices for Industrial Plantations	392	(9)
Nigel Dudley
Part E Lessons Learned and the Way Forward
What Has WWF Learned About Restoration at an Ecoregional Scale?	401	(4)
Nigel Dudley
Local Participation, Livelihood Needs, and Institutional Arrangements: Three Keys to Sustainable Rehabilitation of Degraded Tropical Forest Lands	405	(10)
Unna Chokkalingam
Cesar Sabogal
Everaldo Almeida
Antonio P. Carandang
Tini Gumartini
Wil de Jong
Silvio Brienza, Jr.
Abel Meza Lopez
Murniati
Ani Adiwinata Nawir
Lukas Rumboko
Takeshi Toma
Eva Wollenberg
Zhou Zaizhi
A Way Forward: Working Together Toward a Vision for Restored Forest Landscapes	415	(9)
Stephanie Mansourian
Mark Aldrich
Nigel Dudley
Appendix: A Selection of Identified Ecological Research Needs Relating to Forest Restoration	424	(3)
Index	427