Forty Studies That Changed Psychology : Explorations into the History of Psychological Research

by Hock, Roger R., Ph.D.

• ISBN13: 9780136035992
• ISBN10: 013603599X
• Edition: 6th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2008-04-20
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

This unique book closes the gap between psychology books and the research that made them possible. Its journey through the "headline history" of psychology presents 40 of the most famous studies in the history of the science, and subsequent follow-up studies that expanded their findings and relevance.Readers are granted a valuable insider's look at the studies that continue to be cited most frequently, stirred up the most controversy when they were published, sparked the most subsequent related research, opened new fields of psychological exploration, and changed most dramatically our knowledge of human behavior.For individuals with an interest in an introduction to psychology.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xi
Biology and Human Behavior	p. 1
One Brain or Two?	p. 1
Gazzaniga, M. S. (1967). The split brain in man. Scientific American, 217(2), 24-29
More Experience = Bigger Brain	p. 11
Rosenzweig, M. R., Bennett, E. L., & Diamond, M. C. (1972). Brain changes in response to experience. Scientific American, 226(2), 22-29
Are You a "Natural?"	p. 19
Bouchard, T., Lykken, D., McGue, M., Segal, N., & Tellegen, A. (1990). Sources of human psychological differences: The Minnesota study of twins reared apart. Science, 250, 223-229
Watch Out for the Visual Cliff!	p. 27
Gibson, E. J., & Walk, R. D. (1960). The "visual cliff." Scientific American, 202(4), 67-71
Perception and Consciousness	p. 35
Take a Long Look	p. 36
Fantz, R. L. (1961). The origin of form perception. Scientific American, 204(May), 61-72
To Sleep, No Doubt to Dream...	p. 42
Aserinsky, E., & Kleitman, N. (1953). Regularly occurring periods of eye mobility and concomitant phenomena during sleep. Science, 118, 273-274
Dement, W. (1960). The effect of dream deprivation. Science, 131, 1705-1707
Unromancing the Dream	p. 49
Hobson, J. A., & McCarley, R. W. (1977). The brain as a dream-state generator: An activation-synthesis hypothesis of the dream process. American Journal of Psychiatry, 134, 1335-1348
Acting as If You Are Hypnotized	p. 56
Spanos, N. P. (1982). Hypnotic behavior: A cognitive, social, psychological perspective. Research Communications in Psychology, Psychiatry, and Behavior, 7, 199-213
Learning and Conditioning	p. 65
It's Not Just about Salivating Dogs!	p. 65
Pavlov, I. P. (1927). Conditioned reflexes. London: Oxford University Press
Little Emotional Albert	p. 72
Watson, J. B., & Rayner, R. (1920). Conditioned emotional responses. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 3, 1-14
Knock Wood!	p. 78
Skinner, B. F. (1948). Superstition in the pigeon. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 38, 168-172
See Aggression ... Do Aggression!	p. 85
Bandura, A., Ross, D., & Ross, S. A. (1961). Transmission of aggression through imitation of aggressive models. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 63, 575-582
Intelligence, Cognition, and Memory	p. 93
What You Expect Is What You Get	p. 93
Rosenthal, R., & Jacobson, L. (1966). Teachers' expectancies: Determinates of pupils' IQ gains. Psychological Reports, 19, 115-118
Just How Are You Intelligent?	p. 100
Gardner, H. (1983) Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligences. New York: Basic Books
Maps in Your Mind	p. 110
Tolman, E. C. (1948). Cognitive maps in rats and men. Psychological Review, 55, 189-208
Thanks for the Memories!	p. 117
Loftus, E. F. (1975). Leading questions and the eyewitness report. Cognitive Psychology, 7, 560-572
Human Development	p. 126
Discovering Love	p. 126
Harlow, H. F. (1958). The nature of love. American Psychologist, 13, 673-685
Out of Sight, But Not Out of Mind	p. 134
Piaget, J. (1954). The development of object concept. In J. Piaget, The construction of reality in the child (pp. 3-96). New York: Basic Books
How Moral Are You?	p. 143
Kohlberg, L. (1963). The development of children's orientations toward a moral order: Sequence in the development of moral thought. Vita Humana, 6, 11-33
In Control and Glad of It!	p. 150
Langer, E. J., & Rodin, J. (1976). The effects of choice and enhanced personal responsibility for the aged: A field experiment in an institutional setting. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 191-198
Emotion and Motivation	p. 158
A Sexual Motivation...	p. 158
Masters, W. H., & Johnson, V. E. (1966). Human sexual response. Boston: Little, Brown
I Can See It All Over Your Face!	p. 168
Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (1971). Constants across cultures in the face and emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 17, 124-129
Life, Change, and Stress	p. 175
Holmes, T. H., & Rahe, R. H. (1967). The Social Readjustment Rating Scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 11, 213-218
Thoughts Out of Tune	p. 183
Festinger, L., & Carlsmith, J. M. (1959). Cognitive consequences of forced compliance. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 58, 203-210
Personality	p. 191
Are You the Master of Your Fate?	p. 192
Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs, 80, 1-28
Masculine or Feminine ... or Both?	p. 199
Bem, S. L. (1974). The measurement of psychological androgyny. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42, 155-162
Racing Against Your Heart	p. 210
Friedman, M., & Rosenman, R. H. (1959). Association of specific overt behavior pattern with blood and cardiovascular findings. Journal of the American Medical Association, 169, 1286-1296
The One, the Many	p. 217
Triandis, H., Bontempo, R., Villareal, M., Asai, M., & Lucca, N. (1988). Individualism and collectivism: Cross-cultural perspectives on self-ingroup relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 323-338
Psychopathology	p. 227
Who's Crazy Here, Anyway?	p. 227
Rosenhan, D. L. (1973). On being sane in insane places. Science, 179, 250-258
You're Getting Defensive Again!	p. 235
Freud, A. (1946). The ego and the mechanisms of defense. New York: International Universities Press
Learning to be Depressed	p. 242
Seligman, M. E. P., & Maier, S. F. (1967). Failure to escape traumatic shock. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 74, 1-9
Crowding into the Behavioral Sink	p. 249
Calhoun, J. B. (1962). Population density and social pathology. Scientific American, 206(3), 139-148
Psychotherapy	p. 258
Choosing Your Psychotherapist	p. 258
Smith, M. L., & Glass, G. V. (1977). Meta-analysis of psychotherapy outcome studies. American Psychologist, 32, 752-760
Relaxing Your Fears Away	p. 264
Wolpe, J. (1961). The systematic desensitization treatment of neuroses. Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, 132, 180-203
Projections of Who You Are	p. 271
Rorschach, H. (1942). Psychodiagnostics: A diagnostic test based on perception. New York: Grune & Stratton
Picture This!	p. 278
Murray, H. A. (1938). Explorations in personality (pp. 531-545). New York: Oxford University Press
Social Psychology	p. 286
A Prison by Any Other Name...	p. 287
Zimbardo, P. G. (1972). The pathology of imprisonment. Society, 9(6), 4-8
Haney, C., Banks, W. C., & Zimbardo, P. G. (1973). Interpersonal dynamics in a simulated prison. International Journal of Criminology & Penology, 1, 69-97
The Power of Conformity	p. 295
Asch, S. E. (1955). Opinions and social pressure. Scientific American, 193(5), 31-35
To Help or Not to Help	p. 300
Darley, J. M., & Latane, B. (1968). Bystander intervention in emergencies: Diffusion of responsibility. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 8, 377-383
Obey at Any Cost?	p. 308
Milgram, S. (1963). Behavioral study of obedience. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 67, 371-378
Author Index	p. 318
Subject Index	p. 322
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