Functional Behavioral Assessment and Function-Based Intervention An Effective, Practical Approach

by Umbreit, John; Ferro, Jolenea B.; Liaupsin, Carl J.; Lane, Kathleen L.

• ISBN13: 9780131149892
• ISBN10: 013114989X
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-04-04
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

Written by the leading authorities in the field, this book presents a complete system for conducting FBA's, developing effective interventions, and implementing and monitoring those interventions. Utilizing step-by-step strategies with supporting examples, this book will first discuss the principles around behavior management, then show how behavior management relates to functional behavioral assessment, and then offer methods for developing effective funcational based interventions. General Inservice and Special Education teachers, school administrators, school psychologists and/or counselors, behavior specialists and other educational service agencies.

Table of Contents

A Functional Approach to Problem Behavior	1	(12)
FBA and Function-Based Intervention Defined	1	(1)
Why Conduct an FBA?	2	(1)
What Are the Functions of Behavior?	3	(5)
Reinforcers	4	(1)
Positive and Negative Reinforcement	5	(1)
Types of Reinforcers	6	(2)
Selecting Reinforcers	8	(1)
Function-Based Intervention in Natural Settings	8	(2)
Linking the Intervention to the FBA	10	(1)
How This Book Is Organized	10	(1)
References	11	(2)
PART ONE Conducting the FBA	13	(80)
Identifying the Problem: Defining Target and Replacement Behaviors	15	(12)
What Is Behavior?	16	(1)
Defining the Target Behavior	17	(4)
Selecting a Replacement Behavior	21	(4)
Criteria for Selecting an Appropriate Replacement Behavior	21	(4)
Summary	25	(1)
Steps for Defining Target and Replacement Behaviors	25	(1)
Exercises	26	(1)
Functional Behavioral Assessment: Interviews	27	(30)
General Recommendations for Conducting Functional Assessment Interviews	29	(1)
Informants Interview	30	(10)
The Preliminary Functional Assessment Survey	30	(10)
Concluding Components	40	(1)
Student Interview	40	(5)
Student-Assisted Functional Assessment Interview	40	(5)
Concluding Components	45	(1)
Summary	45	(1)
Steps in Conducting Functional Assessment Interviews	46	(1)
Exercies	46	(8)
References	54	(3)
Functional Behavioral Assessment: Direct Observation	57	(20)
The A-B-C Model	58	(6)
Purpose and Limitations of the A-B-C Model	60	(1)
The ``Antecedent''	61	(2)
The ``Consequence''	63	(1)
How to Collect A-B-C Data	64	(5)
When to Observe	65	(1)
How to Observe	66	(2)
How Much to Observe	68	(1)
Summary	69	(1)
Examples of A-B-C Data Collection	69	(5)
Steps and Activities Required in Collecting A-B-C Data	74	(1)
Exercises	74	(1)
References	75	(2)
Determining the Function of the Behavior: Using the Function Matrix	77	(16)
Determining the Function of the Behavior	78	(5)
Why Bother?	78	(1)
Using Data	79	(1)
The Function	80	(2)
Multiple Functions	82	(1)
The Function Matrix	83	(2)
A Useful Tool	83	(1)
The Layout	84	(1)
Using the Function Matrix	85	(1)
Writing a Statement of Function	85	(2)
Purpose of the Statement of Function	85	(1)
Antecedent	86	(1)
Student	86	(1)
Behavior	86	(1)
Function	87	(1)
Additional Information	87	(1)
Examples	87	(5)
Example 1: Negative Reinforcement---Activities	87	(2)
Example 2: Negative Reinforcement---Attention	89	(1)
Example 3: Multiple Functions	90	(2)
Summary	92	(1)
Steps for Determining the Function of the Target Behavior	92	(1)
Exercises	92	(1)
PART TWO Developing and Testing the Intervention	93	(118)
Intervention Method 1: Teach the Replacement Behavior	95	(24)
Function-Based Intervention Methods	96	(5)
Categorizing Intervention Methods	96	(1)
Selecting a Method and Strategy	97	(2)
Other Considerations	99	(2)
Method 1: Teach the Replacement Behavior	101	(5)
Description	101	(1)
Adjusting the Antecedent Conditions	102	(3)
Adjusting the Consequence	105	(1)
Method 1 Examples	106	(9)
Summary	115	(1)
Steps in Selecting an Intervention Method and Developing an Intervention Using Method 1: Teach the Replacement Behavior	116	(1)
Exercises	117	(1)
References	117	(2)
Intervention Method 2: Improve the Environment	119	(24)
Antecedent Variables	120	(4)
Evidence from FBA Research	120	(2)
Literature on Effective Instruction	122	(1)
Other Considerations	123	(1)
Method 2: Improve the Environment	124	(4)
Description	124	(1)
Linking the FBA to an Antecedent Intervention	125	(3)
Method 2 Examples	128	(11)
Summary	139	(1)
Steps in Developing an Intervention When Using Method 2: Improve the Environment	140	(1)
Exercises	141	(1)
References	141	(2)
Intervention Method 3: Adjust the Contingencies	143	(14)
Method 3: Adjust the Contingencies	144	(1)
Method 3 Examples	145	(7)
Important Concepts and Common Errors	152	(3)
Summary	155	(1)
Steps in Developing an Intervention When Using Method 3: Adjust the Contingencies	155	(1)
Exercises	155	(1)
References	156	(1)
Identifying an Appropriate Measurement System	157	(26)
Why Measure Behavior?	158	(2)
Dimensions of Behavior	160	(1)
Measuring Behavior	161	(6)
Event-Based Methods	162	(3)
Time-Based Methods	165	(2)
How to Collect Data: Methods and Considerations	167	(10)
Picking an Appropriate Measurement Method	168	(1)
Identifying Information	169	(1)
When to Observe	170	(1)
How Often to Observe	170	(1)
Determining Observation Length (Event-Based Methods)	170	(1)
Determining Observation Length (Time-Based Methods)	171	(1)
Interobserver Agreement	172	(2)
Factors That Can Affect Measurement	174	(2)
Common Mistakes	176	(1)
Examples of Behavioral Measurement	177	(2)
Steps in Identifying and Using an Appropriate Measurement System	179	(1)
Exercises	180	(1)
References	180	(3)
Testing the Intervention	183	(16)
Why Test the Intervention?	183	(1)
How to Test the Intervention	184	(4)
What to Do if the Test Does Not Work	186	(2)
Examples of Intervention Testing	188	(9)
Steps in Testing the Intervention	197	(1)
Exercise	197	(1)
References	197	(2)
The Behavior Intervention Plan	199	(12)
Elements of the Behavior Intervention Plan	202	(7)
Behavioral Definitions	203	(1)
Rationale	203	(1)
Baseline Data	203	(1)
Function of the Behavior	203	(1)
Behavioral Objective	204	(1)
Intervention Procedure	205	(1)
Fading and Generalization	206	(1)
Data to be Collected	206	(1)
Program Review Date	207	(1)
Personnel and Roles	207	(1)
Emergency Procedures	208	(1)
Steps and Activities for Developing a Behavior Intervention Plan	209	(1)
Exercises	210	(1)
References	210	(1)
PART THREE Implementing the Intervention	211	(38)
Factors That Affect Success: Social Validity, Treatment Integrity, and Generalization and Maintenance	213	(20)
Social Validity	214	(5)
Definition and Justification	214	(1)
Methods of Assessment	215	(4)
Treatment Integrity	219	(4)
Definition and Justification	219	(1)
Methods of Assessment	220	(2)
Recommendations	222	(1)
Generalization and Maintenance	223	(4)
Definition and Justification	223	(1)
Approaches	223	(4)
Summary	227	(1)
Steps for Ensuring Social Validity. Treatment Integrity, and Maintenance and Generalization	227	(2)
Exercises	229	(1)
References	230	(3)
Monitoring the Intervention and Analyzing Outcomes	233	(16)
Monitoring Student Behavior	234	(5)
Monitoring the Implementation of the Intervention	239	(3)
Monitoring Other Factors That Enhance an Intervention's Success	242	(1)
Steps and Activities Required in Monitoring Interventions and Outcomes	243	(1)
Exercises	244	(4)
References	248	(1)
PART FOUR Putting It All Together: From Problem Identification to Effective Intervention	249	(46)
The Entire Process When Using Method 1: Teach the Replacement Behavior	251	(16)
Conducting the FBA	252	(3)
Student and Background	252	(1)
Teacher Interview	252	(1)
Student Interview	252	(1)
Behavioral Definitions	253	(1)
Observational Data	254	(1)
Determining the Function	254	(1)
Developing and Testing the Function-Based Intervention	255	(6)
Selecting an Intervention Method	255	(2)
Identifying a Measurement System	257	(1)
Testing the Intervention	258	(3)
Formulating the Behavior Intervention Plan	261	(3)
Behavioral Definitions	261	(1)
Rationale	261	(1)
Baseline Data	261	(1)
Function of the Behavior	261	(1)
Behavioral Objective	261	(1)
Intervention Procedures	262	(1)
Fading and Generalization	262	(1)
Data to be Collected	263	(1)
Program Review Date	263	(1)
Personnel and Roles	263	(1)
Emergency Procedures	263	(1)
Implementing and Monitoring the Intervention	264	(3)
The Entire Process When Using Method 2: Improve the Environment	267	(14)
Conducting the FBA	268	(3)
Student and Background	268	(1)
Teacher Interview	268	(1)
Student Interview	268	(1)
Behavioral Definitions	269	(1)
Observational Data	269	(1)
Determining the Function	270	(1)
Developing and Testing the Function-Based Intervention	271	(4)
Selecting an Intervention Method	271	(2)
Identifying a Measurement System	273	(2)
Testing the Intervention	275	(1)
Formulating the Behavior Intervention Plan	275	(3)
Behavioral Definitions	275	(1)
Rationale	276	(1)
Baseline Data	276	(1)
Function of the Behavior	276	(1)
Behavioral Objective	276	(1)
Intervention Procedures	276	(1)
Fading and Generalization	277	(1)
Data to be Collected	277	(1)
Program Review Date	278	(1)
Personnel and Roles	278	(1)
Emergency Procedures	278	(1)
Implementing and Monitoring the Intervention	278	(2)
Reference	280	(1)
The Entire Process When Using Method 3: Adjust the Contingencies	281	(14)
Conducting the FBA	282	(3)
Student and Background	282	(1)
Teacher Interview	282	(1)
Student Interview	282	(1)
Behavioral Definitions	283	(1)
Observational Data	283	(1)
Determining the Function	284	(1)
Developing and Testing the Function-Based Intervention	285	(5)
Selecting an Intervention Method	285	(1)
Identifying a Measurement System	286	(3)
Testing the Intervention	289	(1)
Formulating the Behavior Intervention Plan	290	(3)
Behavioral Definitions	290	(1)
Rationale	290	(1)
Baseline Data	290	(1)
Function of the Behavior	291	(1)
Behavioral Objective	291	(1)
Intervention Procedures	291	(1)
Fading and Generalization	292	(1)
Data to be Collected	292	(1)
Program Review Date	292	(1)
Personnel and Roles	292	(1)
Emergency Procedures	292	(1)
Implementing and Monitoring the Intervention	293	(2)
Conclusion . . . and Some Suggestions	295	(2)
Name Index	297	(4)
Subject Index	301