Functional Neurorehabilitation Through The Life Span

by Bertoti, Dolores B.

• ISBN13: 9780803612143
• ISBN10: 0803612141
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2004-03-01
• Publisher: F a Davis Co

Summary

ISBN 1214-1. Package of Bertoti's Functional Neurorehabilitation Through the Life Span and Workbook for Functional Neurorehabilitation Through the Life Span. $57.95.

Table of Contents

Part 1 The Science Behind the Art of Patient Intervention	1	(134)
The Role of Occupational and Physical Therapy in Neurorehabilitation	3	(14)
Introduction	4	(1)
Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation	4	(3)
Definitions and Scope	4	(1)
Historical Review	5	(1)
Relationship Between Neuroscience and Therapeutic Application	6	(1)
Neurorehabilitation: A Joint Effort	7	(1)
Problem-Solving Approach to Patient/Client Intervention: Disablement Model	8	(3)
The Guide to Physical Therapist Practice	11	(1)
Occupational Therapy Practice Framework and the Guide to Occupational Therapy Practice	12	(1)
Clinical Reasoning and Problem Solving	13	(2)
Summary	15	(2)
The Essentials of Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology: A Neurorehabilitation Application Approach	17	(32)
Introduction to the Nervous System	18	(3)
The Language of the Nervous System	18	(1)
General Plan of the Nervous System	18	(1)
Anatomical Divisions	19	(1)
Physiological Divisions	19	(1)
Building Blocks	19	(2)
The Essential Neurophysiology	21	(4)
Signaling and Communication Between Structures	21	(4)
The Essential Neuroanatomy	25	(17)
Development of the Nervous System	25	(1)
Central Nervous System	26	(8)
Peripheral Nervous System	34	(6)
Autonomic Nervous System	40	(1)
Support Systems: Meninges, Ventricular System, Circulation	41	(1)
Clinical Thinking Relationship Between Clinical Signs and Lesions	42	(4)
What and Where Is the Lesion: Clinical Implications	42	(1)
Signs and Symptoms of Neurological Impairments Affecting Movement	43	(3)
Neuroplasticity and Recovery of Function	46	(1)
Effect of Age	46	(1)
Recovery of Function	46	(1)
Neuroplasticity	47	(1)
Summary	47	(2)
A Life Span Approach to the Systems That Produce Human Movement	49	(40)
Introduction	49	(1)
Motor Control: A Historical Review	50	(2)
A Systems Approach to the Nature of Movement	52	(2)
Definition	52	(1)
The Movement System	53	(1)
Life Span Perspective	54	(1)
The Nervous System: Life Span Changes	55	(7)
Clinical Relevance	55	(1)
Early Development of the Nervous System	56	(3)
Maturation of the Nervous System	59	(1)
The Mature Nervous System	60	(1)
The Aging Nervous System	61	(1)
Somatosensory System: Life Span Changes	62	(5)
Contribution to Movement Control	62	(2)
Functional Anatomy Overview	64	(1)
Early Development of the Somatosensory System	64	(1)
Maturation of the Somatosensory System	64	(2)
The Mature Somatosensory System	66	(1)
The Aging Somatosensory System	66	(1)
Visual System: Life Span Changes	67	(6)
Contribution to Movement Control	67	(1)
Functional Anatomy Overview	67	(3)
Early Development of the Visual System	70	(1)
Maturation of the Visual System	70	(2)
The Mature Visual System	72	(1)
The Aging Visual System	72	(1)
Vestibular System: Life Span Changes	73	(5)
Contribution to Movement Control	73	(1)
Functional Anatomy Overview	74	(1)
Early Development of the Vestibular System	75	(1)
Maturation of the Vestibular System	76	(1)
The Mature Vestibular System	77	(1)
The Aging Vestibular System	77	(1)
Motor or Action Systems: Life Span Changes	78	(6)
Contribution to Movement Control	78	(1)
Functional Anatomy Overview	78	(2)
Early Development of the Musculoskeletal System	80	(2)
Maturation of the Musculoskeletal System	82	(1)
The Mature Musculoskeletal System	83	(1)
The Aging Musculoskeletal System	83	(1)
Summary	84	(5)
Life Span Motor Development	89	(46)
Introduction	89	(1)
Definition of Motor Development	90	(1)
Life Span Perspective on Motor Development	90	(1)
Clinical Relevance	91	(1)
Review of Motor Development Theories	92	(4)
Cognitive Theories	92	(1)
Neuromaturational Development Theories	93	(1)
Dynamic Systems Perspective on Motor Development	94	(2)
Key Concepts Related to Motor Development	96	(10)
Perspective	96	(1)
Terminology Related to Direction	96	(1)
Kinesiological Concepts	97	(2)
Developmental Sequence	99	(1)
Milestones and the Acquisition of Motor Skill	100	(1)
Automatic Movements	101	(5)
Functional Movement	106	(3)
Operational Definition	107	(1)
Functional Movement: Main Tasks and Components	107	(2)
Life Span Development of Functional Movement	109	(23)
Newborn	109	(1)
One to Two Months	110	(2)
Three to Five Months	112	(3)
Six Months	115	(2)
Seven to Nine Months	117	(4)
Ten to Twelve Months	121	(3)
Twelve to Eighteen Months	124	(1)
Early Childhood	125	(5)
Middle Through Late Childhood	130	(1)
Adolescence	130	(1)
Adulthood	130	(1)
Aging	131	(1)
Summary	132	(3)
Part 2 An Integrated Clinical Approach to the Management of Common Clinical Problems	135	(250)
Motor Learning Through the Life Span	137	(36)
Introduction	137	(2)
Definition	138	(1)
Motor Learning Versus Motor Control	138	(1)
How Do We Learn?	139	(2)
Types of Learning and Clinical Correlates	140	(1)
Theoretical Background/Motor Learning Theories	141	(2)
Adams' Closed-Loop Theory	141	(1)
Schmidt's Schema Theory	142	(1)
Ecological Theory	143	(1)
Key Elements of Learning and Therapeutic Considerations	143	(7)
The Therapeutic Environment	143	(1)
Arousal and Attention	143	(1)
Motivation and Meaning	144	(1)
Instruction	145	(1)
Guidance	145	(1)
Feedback	145	(2)
Practice	147	(1)
Types of Practice	147	(3)
Skill Acquisition and Retention/Transfer	150	(1)
Stages of Learning	150	(5)
Three-Stage Model of Motor Learning	150	(2)
Gentile's Two-Stage Model of Motor Learning	152	(1)
The Therapist's or Assistant's Role in Facilitating Skill Acquisition	153	(1)
Goal-Directed and Purposeful Activity	154	(1)
Life Span Issues Related to Motor Learning	155	(4)
Learning During Childhood	155	(2)
Adult Learners	157	(1)
Learning Changes Related to Aging	158	(1)
Learning as Affected by Common Neurological Disorders	159	(3)
Learning in Individuals with Mental Retardation and Cognitive Impairment	159	(1)
Learning After Brain Injury	160	(1)
Learning After Cerebrovascular Accident	161	(1)
Learning Challenges for Individuals with Parkinson's Disease	161	(1)
Case Studies	162	(1)
Case Study: Child
Trudy: Child Learning to Propel a Power Wheelchair	162	(2)
Case Study: Adult
James: Adult Learning to Perform Wheelchair Transfers	164	(3)
Summary	167	(6)
Neurorehabilitation Intervention Approaches	173	(48)
Introduction	174	(1)
History	174	(6)
The Evolution of Practice from Theory	174	(1)
Historical Roots Viewed Within Current Perspective	175	(5)
Approaches to Intervention/Frames of Reference	180	(25)
Sensorimotor Approaches	180	(12)
Task-Oriented Models	192	(8)
Functional Training Approach	200	(5)
The Importance of Person-Centered Functional Goals	205	(1)
An Integrated Approach to Intervention with Patients/Clients with Neurological Impairment at Any Age	206	(3)
Case Studies	209	(1)
Case Study: Child
Elijah: Child with Hypotonia and Developmental Delay	210	(5)
Case Study: Adult
Kitty: Adult with Hemiplegia After CVA	215	(2)
Summary	217	(4)
Clinical Management of the Primary Neuromuscular Impairments that Interfere with Functional Movement	221	(46)
Introduction	222	(2)
Separating the Large Problem into ``Mini-Problems''	223	(1)
Abnormal Force Production: Definition and Description	224	(17)
Weakness	224	(5)
Muscle Tone Abnormalities	229	(12)
Coordination Problems	241	(9)
Muscle Activation and Sequencing Problems	241	(1)
Timing Problems	242	(2)
Involuntary Movements	244	(6)
The Nature of the Functional Movement Problem in Individuals with a Neurological Impairment	250	(1)
Case Studies	251	(1)
Case Study: Child
Lori: 12-year-old Girl with Cerebral Palsy	251	(1)
Case Study: Adult
Jake: 62-year-old Man Following CVA	252	(8)
Case Study: Adult
Betty: 58-year-old with Parkinson's Disease	260	(3)
Summary	263	(4)
Management of Disorders of Postural Control and Balance	267	(28)
Introduction	268	(1)
Postural Control	268	(1)
Definition and Description	268	(1)
Balance	268	(1)
Definition and Description	269	(1)
Theoretical Models of Postural Control and Balance	269	(3)
Reflex-Hierarchical Model	270	(1)
Systems Model	271	(1)
Components of Postural Control and Balance	272	(4)
Musculoskeletal Mechanisms	272	(1)
Neuromuscular Mechanisms	272	(1)
Sensory Mechanisms	273	(2)
Perceptual Mechanisms	275	(1)
Cognitive Mechanisms	276	(1)
Strategies for Recovery	276	(3)
Sensory Strategies	276	(1)
Motor Strategies	276	(3)
Age-related Differences to Postural Control and Balance	279	(3)
Early Development	279	(1)
Childhood	280	(1)
Adolescence	280	(1)
Adulthood	280	(1)
Aging	281	(1)
Assessment of Postural Control and Balance	282	(3)
Functional Assessment	282	(2)
Systems Assessment	284	(1)
Intervention for Postural Control and Balance Problems	285	(2)
Impairment Level	285	(1)
Strategy Level	286	(1)
Functional Task Level	287	(1)
Case Studies	287	(1)
Case Study: Child
Katarina: 13-year-old Girl Struck by a Car	287	(3)
Case Study: Adult
Robert: 55-year-old Man with Parkinson's Disease	290	(3)
Summary	293	(2)
Management of the Impaired Upper Extremity	295	(38)
Introduction	295	(1)
Functional Components of Upper Extremity Function	296	(5)
Regard	297	(1)
Reach	297	(1)
Grasp and Manipulation	298	(3)
Release	301	(1)
Upper Extremity Function Across the Life Span	301	(7)
Infant	301	(3)
Preschool/School Age	304	(2)
Adulthood	306	(1)
Older Adult	306	(2)
Neuromuscular Impairments Resulting in Impaired Upper Extremity Function	308	(3)
Weakness	308	(1)
Abnormal Muscle Tone	309	(1)
Incoordination	310	(1)
Upper Extremity Control Problems Associated with Common Neurological Disorders	311	(10)
Cerebral Palsy	311	(4)
Cerebrovascular Accident and Adult Hemiplegia	315	(4)
Parkinson's Disease	319	(2)
Case Studies	321	(1)
Case Study: Child
Michael: Child Born Prematurely	321	(5)
Case Study: Adult
Elizabeth: Adult with Right Cerebrovascular Accident	326	(4)
Summary	330	(3)
Management of Impaired Lower Extremity Function	333	(52)
Introduction	333	(1)
Functional Tasks of the Lower Extremity	334	(3)
Non-Weight Bearing	334	(1)
Weight Bearing	335	(2)
Locomotion Defined	337	(3)
Rolling	338	(1)
Crawling and Creeping	338	(2)
Walking	340	(1)
Gait Terminology	340	(1)
Functional Tasks of Gait	340	(4)
Gait Through the Life Span Lens	344	(2)
Immature Gait	344	(1)
Mature Gait	344	(1)
Gait Changes in the Older Adult	345	(1)
Transfer Tasks	346	(2)
Abnormal Lower Extremity Function and Impaired Locomotion	348	(5)
Implications for Therapeutic Intervention: Functional Costs of Pathological Gait	348	(1)
Neuromuscular Impairments Resulting in Impaired Lower Extremity Function	349	(4)
Functional Limitations in Gait: A Task-Oriented Approach	353	(3)
Weight Acceptance	353	(1)
Single Limb Support	354	(1)
Limb Advancement	354	(1)
Effect of an Assistive or Orthotic Device on the Functional Task of Walking	355	(1)
Lower Extremity Control Problems Associated with Common Neurological Disorders	356	(16)
Cerebral Palsy	357	(4)
Cerebrovascular Accident and Adult Hemiplegia	361	(4)
Ataxia	365	(4)
Parkinson's Disease	369	(1)
Spinal Cord Injury	370	(2)
Case Studies	372	(1)
Case Study: Child
Amanda: Child with Spastic Diplegic CP	372	(5)
Case Study: Adult
Anna: Adult with Ataxic MS	377	(3)
Summary	380	(5)
Glossary	385	(18)
Index	403