Fundamentals of Database Management Systems, 2nd Edition

by Gillenson, Mark L.

• ISBN13: 9780470624708
• ISBN10: 0470624701
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2011-12-06
• Publisher: Wiley

Summary

Gillenson's new edition of Fundamentals of Database Management Systems provides concise coverage of the fundamental topics necessary for a deep understanding of the basics. In this issue, there is more emphasis on a practical approach, with new "your turn" boxes and much more coverage in a separate supplement on how to implement databases with Access. In every chapter, the author covers concepts first, then show how they're implemented in continuing case(s.) "Your Turn" boxes appear several times throughout the chapter to apply concepts to projects. And "Concepts in Action" boxes contain examples of concepts used in practice. This pedagogy is easily demonstrable and the text also includes more hands-on exercises and projects and a standard diagramming style for the data modeling diagrams. Furthermore, revised and updated content and organization includes more coverage on database control issues, earlier coverage of SQL, and new coverage on data quality issues.

Author Biography

Mark L. Gillenson is Professor of Management Information Systems and Director of MBA Programs in the Fogelman College of Business & Economics of the University of Memphis in Memphis, TN. He received his B.S. degree in Mathematics from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N.Y. and his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Computer and Information Science from The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH. Dr. Gillenson worked for the IBM Corp. for 15 years in a variety of positions, including seven years as a faculty member of the prestigious IBM Systems Research Institute. Subsequently, he was a professor at the University of Miami, Miami FL. Dr. Gillenson's areas of interest are database management systems, particularly database administration and database design, electronic commerce, and software testing. He is an associate editor of the Journal of Database Management and of the journal Pattern Recognition. Dr. Gillenson's research has appeared in MIS Quarterly, Communications of the ACM, Methods of Information in Medicine, and other leading journals. His books include Strategic Planning, Systems Analysis, and Database Design, 1984, Database: Step-by-Step, Second Edition, 1990, and Fundamentals of Database Management Systems, 2005, all published by John Wiley & Sons.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xiii
About the Author	p. xvii
Data: The New Corporate Resource	p. 1
Introduction	p. 2
The History of Data	p. 2
The Origins of Data	p. 2
Data Through the Ages	p. 5
Early Data Problems Spawn Calculating Devices	p. 7
Swamped with Data	p. 8
Modern Data Storage Media	p. 9
Data in Today's Information Systems Environment	p. 12
Using Data for Competitive Advantage	p. 12
Problems in Storing and Accessing Data	p. 12
Data as a Corporate Resource	p. 13
The Database Environment	p. 14
Summary	p. 15
Data Modeling	p. 19
Introduction	p. 20
Binary Relationships	p. 20
What is a Binary Relationship?	p. 20
Cardinality	p. 23
Modality	p. 24
More About Many-to-Many Relationships	p. 25
Unary Relationships	p. 28
One-to-One Unary Relationship	p. 28
One-to-Many Unary Relationship	p. 29
Many-to-Many Unary Relationship	p. 29
Ternary Relationships	p. 31
Example: The General Hardware Company	p. 31
Example: Good Reading Book Stores	p. 34
Example: World Music Association	p. 35
Example: Lucky Rent-A-Car	p. 36
Summary	p. 37
The Database Management System Concept	p. 41
Introduction	p. 42
Data Before Database Management	p. 43
Records and Files	p. 43
Basic Concepts in Storing and Retrieving Data	p. 46
The Database Concept	p. 48
Data as a Manageable Resource	p. 48
Data Integration and Data Redundancy	p. 49
Multiple Relationships	p. 56
Data Control Issues	p. 58
Data Independence	p. 60
DBMS Approaches	p. 60
Summary	p. 63
Relational Data Retrieval: Sql	p. 67
Introduction	p. 68
Data Retrieval with the SQL SELECT Command	p. 68
Introduction to the SQL SELECT Command	p. 68
Basic Functions	p. 70
Built-In Functions	p. 81
Grouping Rows	p. 83
The Join	p. 85
Subqueries	p. 86
A Strategy for Writing SQL SELECT Commands	p. 89
Example: Good Reading Book Stores	p. 90
Example: World Music Association	p. 92
Example: Lucky Rent-A-Car	p. 95
Relational Query Optimizer	p. 97
Relational DBMS Performance	p. 97
Relational Query Optimizer Concepts	p. 97
Summary	p. 99
The Relational Database Model:
Introduction	p. 105
Introduction	p. 106
The Relational Database Concept	p. 106
Relational Terminology	p. 106
Primary and Candidate Keys	p. 109
Foreign Keys and Binary Relationships	p. 111
Data Retrieval from a Relational Database	p. 124
Extracting Data from a Relation	p. 124
The Relational Select Operator	p. 125
The Relational Project Operator	p. 125
Combination of the Relational Select and Project Operators	p. 126
Extracting Data Across Multiple Relations: Data Integration	p. 127
Example: Good Reading Book Stores	p. 129
Example: World Music Association	p. 130
Example: Lucky Rent-A-Car	p. 132
Summary	p. 132
The Relational Database Model: Additional Concepts	p. 137
Introduction	p. 138
Relational Structures for Unary and Ternary Relationships	p. 139
Unary One-to-Many Relationships	p. 139
Unary Many-to-Many Relationships	p. 143
Ternary Relationships	p. 146
Referential Integrity	p. 150
The Referential Integrity Concept	p. 150
Three Delete Rules	p. 152
Summary	p. 153
Logical Database Design	p. 157
Introduction	p. 158
Converting E-R Diagrams into Relational Tables	p. 158
Introduction	p. 158
Converting a Simple Entity	p. 158
Converting Entities in Binary Relationships	p. 160
Converting Entities in Unary Relationships	p. 164
Converting Entities in Ternary Relationships	p. 166
Designing the General Hardware Co. Database	p. 166
Designing the Good Reading Bookstores Database	p. 170
Designing the World Music Association Database	p. 171
Designing the Lucky Rent-A-Car Database	p. 173
The Data Normalization Process	p. 174
Introduction to the Data Normalization Technique	p. 175
Steps in the Data Normalization Process	p. 177
Example: General Hardware Co	p. 185
Example: Good Reading Bookstores	p. 186
Example: World Music Association	p. 188
Example: Lucky Rent-A-Car	p. 188
Testing Tables Converted from E-R Diagrams with Data Normalization	p. 189
Building the Data Structure with SQL	p. 191
Manipulating the Data with SQL	p. 192
Summary	p. 193
Physical Database Design	p. 199
Introduction	p. 200
Disk Storage	p. 202
The Need for Disk Storage	p. 202
How Disk Storage Works	p. 203
File Organizations and Access Methods	p. 207
The Goal: Locating a Record	p. 207
The Index	p. 207
Hashed Files	p. 215
Inputs to Physical Database Design	p. 218
The Tables Produced by the Logical Database Design Process	p. 219
Business Environment Requirements	p. 219
Data Characteristics	p. 219
Application Characteristics	p. 220
Operational Requirements: Data Security, Backup, and Recovery	p. 220
Physical Database Design Techniques	p. 221
Adding External Features	p. 221
Reorganizing Stored Data	p. 224
Splitting a Table into Multiple Tables	p. 226
Changing Attributes in a Table	p. 227
Adding Attributes to a Table	p. 228
Combining Tables	p. 230
Adding New Tables	p. 232
Example: Good Reading Book Stores	p. 233
Example: World Music Association	p. 234
Example: Lucky Rent-A-Car	p. 235
Summary	p. 237
Object-Oriented Database Management	p. 247
Introduction	p. 248
Terminology	p. 250
Complex Relationships	p. 251
Generalization	p. 251
Inheritance of Attributes	p. 253
Operations, Inheritance of Operations, and Polymorphism	p. 254
Aggregation	p. 255
The General Hardware Co. Class Diagram	p. 256
The Good Reading Bookstores Class Diagram	p. 256
The World Music Association Class Diagram	p. 259
The Lucky Rent-A-Vehicle Class Diagram	p. 260
Encapsulation	p. 260
Abstract Data Types	p. 262
Object/Relational Database	p. 263
Summary	p. 264
Data Administration, Database Administration, And Data Dictionaries	p. 269
Introduction	p. 270
The Advantages of Data and Database Administration	p. 271
Data as a Shared Corporate Resource	p. 271
Efficiency in Job Specialization	p. 272
Operational Management of Data	p. 273
Managing Externally Acquired Databases	p. 273
Managing Data in the Decentralized Environment	p. 274
The Responsibilities of Data Administration	p. 274
Data Coordination	p. 274
Data Planning	p. 275
Data Standards	p. 275
Liaison to Systems Analysts and Programmers	p. 276
Training	p. 276
Arbitration of Disputes and Usage Authorization	p. 277
Documentation and Publicity	p. 277
Data's Competitive Advantage	p. 277
The Responsibilities of Database Administration	p. 278
DBMS Performance Monitoring	p. 278
DBMS Troubleshooting	p. 278
DBMS Usage and Security Monitoring	p. 279
Data Dictionary Operations	p. 279
DBMS Data and Software Maintenance	p. 280
Database Design	p. 280
Data Dictionaries	p. 281
Introduction	p. 281
A Simple Example of Metadata	p. 282
Passive and Active Data Dictionaries	p. 284
Relational DBMS Catalogs	p. 287
Data Repositories	p. 287
Summary	p. 287
Database Control Issues: Security, Backup And Recovery, Concurrency	p. 291
Introduction	p. 292
Data Security	p. 293
The Importance of Data Security	p. 293
Types of Data Security Breaches	p. 294
Methods of Breaching Data Security	p. 294
Types of Data Security Measures	p. 296
Backup and Recovery	p. 303
The Importance of Backup and Recovery	p. 303
Backup Copies and Journals	p. 303
Forward Recovery	p. 304
Backward Recovery	p. 305
Duplicate or ''Mirrored'' Databases	p. 306
Disaster Recovery	p. 306
Concurrency Control	p. 308
The Importance of Concurrency Control	p. 308
The Lost Update Problem	p. 308
Locks and Deadlock	p. 309
Versioning	p. 310
Summary	p. 311
Client/Server Database And Distributed Database	p. 315
Introduction	p. 316
Client/Server Databases	p. 316
Distributed Database	p. 321
The Distributed Database Concept	p. 321
Concurrency Control in Distributed Databases	p. 325
Distributed Joins	p. 327
Partitioning or Fragmentation	p. 329
Distributed Directory Management	p. 330
Distributed DBMSs: Advantages and Disadvantages	p. 331
Summary	p. 332
The Data Warehouse	p. 335
Introduction	p. 336
The Data Warehouse Concept	p. 338
The Data is Subject Oriented	p. 338
The Data is Integrated	p. 339
The Data is Non-Volatile	p. 339
The Data is Time Variant	p. 339
The Data Must Be High Quality	p. 340
The Data May Be Aggregated	p. 340
The Data is Often Denormalized	p. 340
The Data is Not Necessarily Absolutely Current	p. 341
Types of Data Warehouses	p. 341
The Enterprise Data Warehouse (EDW)	p. 342
The Data Mart (DM)	p. 342
Which to Choose: The EDW, the DM, or Both?	p. 342
Designing a Data Warehouse	p. 343
Introduction	p. 343
General Hardware Co. Data Warehouse	p. 344
Good Reading Bookstores Data Warehouse	p. 348
Lucky Rent-A-Car Data Warehouse	p. 350
What About a World Music Association Data Warehouse?	p. 351
Building a Data Warehouse	p. 352
Introduction	p. 352
Data Extraction	p. 352
Data Cleaning	p. 354
Data Transformation	p. 356
Data Loading	p. 356
Using a Data Warehouse	p. 357
On-Line Analytic Processing	p. 357
Data Mining	p. 357
Administering a Data Warehouse	p. 360
Challenges in Data Warehousing	p. 361
Summary	p. 362
Databases And The Internet	p. 365
Introduction	p. 366
Database Connectivity Issues	p. 367
Expanded Set of Data Types	p. 373
Database Control Issues	p. 374
Performance	p. 374
Availability	p. 375
Scalability	p. 376
Security and Privacy	p. 376
Data Extraction into XML	p. 379
Summary	p. 381
Index	p. 385
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