Fundamentals of Electromagnetics with Engineering Applications

by Stuart M. Wentworth

• ISBN13: 9780471263555
• ISBN10: 0471263559
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2004-07-01
• Publisher: WILEY

Summary

With the rapid growth of wireless technologies, more and more people are trying to gain a better understanding of electromagnetics. After all, electromagnetic fields have a direct impact on reception in all wireless applications. This text explores electromagnetics, presenting practical applications for wireless systems, transmission lines, waveguides, antennas, electromagnetic interference, and microwave engineering. It is designed for use in a one- or two-semester electromagnetics sequence for electrical engineering students at the junior and senior level. The first book on the subject to tackle the impact of electromagnetics on wireless applications: Includes numerous worked-out example problems that provide you with hands-on experience in solving electromagnetic problems. Describes a number of practical applications that show how electromagnetic theory is put into practice. Offers a concise summary at the end of each chapter that reinforces the key points. Detailed MATLAB examples are integrated throughout the book to enhance the material.

Table of Contents

Introduction	1	(8)
The Electromagnetic Spectrum	2	(2)
Wireless Communications	4	(1)
Dealing with Units	5	(4)
PART I FUNDAMENTAL ELECTROMAGNETICS	9	(250)
Electrostatics	11	(85)
Vectors in the Cartesian Coordinate System	12	(6)
Coulomb's Law	18	(4)
Electric Field Intensity	20	(1)
Field Lines	21	(1)
The Spherical Coordinate System	22	(4)
Line Charges and the Cylindrical Coordinate System	26	(9)
Infinite Length Line of Charge	29	(4)
Ring of Charge	33	(2)
Surface and Volume Charge	35	(9)
Volume Charge	39	(4)
Practical Application: Laser Printer	43	(1)
Electric Flux Density	44	(3)
Gauss's Law and Applications	47	(7)
Coaxial Cable	51	(3)
Divergence and the Point Form of Gauss's Law	54	(5)
Electric Potential	59	(9)
Gradient	63	(5)
Conductors and Ohm's Law	68	(5)
Current and Current Density	69	(3)
Joule's Law	72	(1)
Dielectrics	73	(4)
Practical Application: Electret Microphone	76	(1)
Boundary Conditions	77	(7)
Boundary Value Problems	80	(4)
Capacitance	84	(12)
Electrostatic Potential Energy	87	(1)
Practical Application: Electrolytic Capacitors	88	(1)
Summary	89	(2)
Problems	91	(5)
Magnetostatics	96	(73)
Magnetic Fields and the Cross Product	97	(5)
Oersted's Experiment	101	(1)
Biot-Savart's Law	102	(10)
Solenoid	108	(1)
Surface and Volume Current Densities	109	(3)
Ampere's Circuital Law	112	(8)
Curl and the Point Form of Ampere's Circuital Law	120	(4)
Stokes's Theorem	123	(1)
Magnetic Flux Density	124	(2)
Magnetic Forces	126	(11)
Force on a Current Element	127	(5)
Magnetic Torque and Moment	132	(3)
Practical Application: Loudspeakers	135	(2)
Magnetic Materials	137	(5)
Boundary Conditions	142	(3)
Inductance and Magnetic Energy	145	(8)
Mutual Inductance	148	(2)
Magnetic Energy	150	(3)
Magnetic Circuits	153	(16)
Electromagnets	156	(3)
Practical Application: Maglev	159	(1)
Summary	160	(3)
Problems	163	(6)
Dynamic Fields	169	(40)
Current Continuity and Relaxation Time	169	(2)
Wave Fundamentals	171	(6)
Faraday's Law and Transformer EMF	177	(7)
Transformer EMF	179	(4)
Transformers	183	(1)
Point Form of Faraday's Law	184	(1)
Faraday's Law and Motional EMF	184	(6)
Generators	188	(2)
Displacement Current	190	(3)
Maxwell's Equations	193	(1)
Lossless TEM Waves	194	(6)
Time-Harmonic Fields and Phasors	200	(9)
Summary	204	(1)
Problems	205	(4)
Plane Waves	209	(50)
General Wave Equations	210	(7)
Time-Harmonic Wave Equations	211	(5)
Propagating Fields Relation	216	(1)
Propagation in Lossless, Charge-Free Media	217	(2)
Propagation in Dielectrics	219	(4)
Low-Loss Dielectrics	220	(1)
Loss Tangent	221	(2)
Propagation in Conductors	223	(7)
Current in Conductors	226	(4)
The Poynting Theorem and Power Transmission	230	(5)
UPW Power Transmission	232	(3)
Polarization	235	(5)
Practical Application: Liquid Crystal Displays	239	(1)
Reflection and Transmission at Normal Incidence	240	(6)
General Case	240	(5)
Standing Waves	245	(1)
Reflection and Transmission at Oblique Incidence	246	(13)
TE Polarization	247	(5)
TM Polarization	252	(2)
Summary	254	(2)
Problems	256	(3)
PART II APPLIED ELECTROMAGNETICS	259	(300)
Transmission Lines	261	(77)
Distributed-Parameter Model	262	(5)
Telegraphist's Equations	266	(1)
Time-Harmonic Waves on Transmission Lines	267	(7)
Characteristic Impedance	269	(1)
Lossless Line	270	(1)
Power Transmission	271	(3)
Terminated T-Lines	274	(6)
Input Impedance	276	(2)
Complex Loads	278	(1)
The Complete Circuit	278	(2)
The Smith Chart	280	(15)
Smith Chart Derivation	282	(5)
Using the Smith Chart	287	(4)
Impedance Measurement	291	(4)
Impedance Matching	295	(9)
Quarter-Wave Transformer	296	(1)
Matching with the Smith Chart	297	(1)
Admittance of Shunt Stubs	298	(2)
Shunt-Stub Matching	300	(4)
Microstrip	304	(8)
Attenuation	310	(1)
Other Planar T-Lines	311	(1)
Transients	312	(14)
Pulse Response	316	(5)
Practical Application: Schottky-Diode Terminations	321	(1)
Reactive Loads	321	(3)
Time-Domain Reflectometry	324	(2)
Dispersion	326	(12)
Summary	331	(2)
Problems	333	(5)
Waveguide	338	(50)
Rectangular Waveguide Fundamentals	339	(11)
Wave Propagation	342	(4)
Waveguide Impedance	346	(2)
Practical Application: Microwave Ovens	348	(2)
Waveguide Field Equations	350	(11)
TM Mode	352	(5)
TE Mode	357	(4)
Dielectric Waveguide	361	(8)
TE Mode	364	(1)
TM Mode	365	(1)
Field Equations	366	(3)
Optical Fiber	369	(6)
Numerical Aperture	372	(1)
Signal Degradation	373	(1)
Attenuation	374	(1)
Graded-Index Fiber	374	(1)
Fiber Optic Communication Systems	375	(6)
Optical Sources	376	(2)
Optical Detectors	378	(1)
Repeaters and Optical Amplifiers	379	(2)
Connections	381	(1)
Optical Link Design	381	(7)
Power Budget	382	(1)
Rise-Time Budget	382	(3)
Summary	385	(1)
Suggested References	386	(1)
Problems	386	(2)
Antennas	388	(67)
General Properties	390	(9)
Radiated Power	390	(1)
Radiation Patterns	391	(2)
Directivity	393	(4)
Impedance and Efficiency	397	(1)
A Commercial Antenna	398	(1)
Electrically Short Antennas	399	(8)
Vector Magnetic Potential	399	(3)
The Hertzian Dipole	402	(3)
The Small Loop Antenna	405	(2)
Dipole Antennas	407	(14)
Derivation of Fields	408	(3)
Antenna Properties	411	(6)
Half-Wave Dipole	417	(4)
Monopole Antennas	421	(3)
Image Theory	421	(1)
Antenna Properties	422	(2)
Practical Considerations	424	(1)
Antenna Arrays	424	(11)
Pair of Hertzian Dipoles	427	(4)
N-Element Linear Arrays	431	(3)
Parasitic Arrays	434	(1)
The Friis Transmission Equation	435	(7)
Polarization Effects	439	(2)
Receiver Matching	441	(1)
Radar	442	(2)
Antennas for Wireless Communications	444	(11)
Parabolic Reflectors	445	(1)
Patch Antennas	446	(1)
Slot Antennas	447	(1)
Folded Dipole Antennas	448	(1)
Summary	448	(3)
Suggested References	451	(1)
Problems	451	(4)
Electromagnetic Interference	455	(39)
Interference Sources	456	(3)
Lightning	456	(1)
Electrostatic Discharge	456	(1)
Power Disturbance Sources	457	(1)
Radio Transmitters	458	(1)
Passive Circuit Elements	459	(12)
Conductors	459	(2)
Resistors	461	(4)
Inductors	465	(3)
Capacitors	468	(3)
Digital Signals	471	(4)
Grounds	475	(4)
Bond Wires	475	(1)
Signal Grounds	476	(2)
Loop Area	478	(1)
Shields	479	(6)
Filters	485	(9)
Reflective Filters	485	(5)
Ferrite Chokes	490	(1)
Summary	491	(1)
Suggested References	492	(1)
Problems	492	(2)
Microwave Engineering	494	(65)
Lumped-Element Matching Networks	496	(6)
Scattering Parameters	502	(10)
Reciprocal Networks	506	(2)
Lossless Networks	508	(1)
Return Loss and Insertion Loss	509	(1)
Shift in Reference Plane	510	(1)
The Vector Network Analyzer	511	(1)
Couplers and Dividers	512	(9)
Circulators	513	(1)
Three-Port Dividers	514	(2)
Couplers	516	(5)
Filters	521	(17)
Simple Filters	523	(3)
Multisection Filters	526	(6)
High-Pass Filters	532	(1)
Bandpass Filters	533	(5)
Amplifiers	538	(9)
Designing Matching Networks	541	(6)
Balanced Amplifiers	547	(1)
Receiver Design	547	(12)
Oscillators	548	(1)
Mixers	548	(2)
Microwave CAD	550	(1)
Practical Application: Radio Frequency Identification	551	(1)
Summary	552	(2)
Suggested References	554	(1)
Problems	554	(5)
Appendix A Vector Relations	559	(3)
Appendix B Coordinate System Transformations	562	(4)
Appendix C Complex Numbers	566	(2)
Appendix D Integrals, Conversions, and Constants	568	(2)
Appendix E Material Properties	570	(2)
Appendix F Answers to Selected Problems	572	(11)
Index	583