Fundamentals of High-Performance Concrete

by Nawy, Edward G.

• ISBN13: 9780471385554
• ISBN10: 0471385557
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2000-11-16
• Publisher: Wiley

Summary

High performance concrete is a key element in virtually all-large construction projects, from tall office and residential buildings to bridges, tunnels and roadways. The fully updated Second Edition helps professionals to understand the performance capabilities of these construction materials when selecting the type of concrete to use for particular projects. The author is one of the worlds acknowledged experts on high performance concrete.

Author Biography

Dr. Edward G. Nawy is a distinguished professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

Table of Contents

Preface	xiii
Acknowledgments	xvii
General Performance Characteristics	1	(26)
Introduction	1	(1)
Cement effects on concrete strength	2	(1)
Portland cement characteristics and content	3	(5)
Other hydraulic cements	8	(2)
Performance comparisons of various cements in concrete	10	(1)
Water/cement, water/cementitious materials, and liquid/cement ratios in concretes	11	(3)
Aggregates	14	(4)
Types of chemical and mineral admixtures	18	(5)
Summary	23	(4)
References	24	(1)
Problems	25	(2)
Permeability Effects on Performance of Concrete	27	(23)
Air voids and permeability	27	(1)
Permeability, diffusion, and sorptivity in concrete	28	(5)
Freezing and thawing action	33	(3)
Concreting in cold weather	36	(2)
Air-entraining agents	38	(2)
ACI recommendations on cold-weather concreting	40	(1)
Freezing and thawing effects on hardened high-strength concrete	40	(2)
Hot-weather concreting	42	(8)
References	47	(2)
Problems	49	(1)
Mineral and Chemical Admixtures in High-Strength High-Performance Concrete	50	(39)
Mineral Admixtures	50	(1)
Fly ash	50	(8)
Granulated graded blast furnace slag	58	(3)
Silica fume	61	(5)
High-reactivity metakaolin	66	(2)
Chemical Admixtures	68	(1)
Polymers	68	(7)
High-range water-reducing admixtures	75	(5)
Corrosion-inhibiting admixtures	80	(9)
References	84	(3)
Problems	87	(2)
Design of Concrete Mixtures for High-Performance Normal- and High-Strength Concrete	89	(34)
Scope	89	(1)
Strength requirements	90	(2)
Selection of constituent materials	92	(2)
Step-by-step procedure for selecting proportions	94	(1)
Flowcharts for proportioning mixtures for normal- and high-strength high-performance concrete	95	(2)
Mixture design for normal-strength concrete	97	(11)
Recommended proportions for high-strength high-performance concrete	108	(15)
References	120	(1)
Problems	121	(2)
High-Performance Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (Low-Density Aggregate Concrete)	123	(36)
Aggregate production	123	(2)
Aggregate properties	125	(2)
Proportioning, mixing, and placement	127	(9)
Creep and shrinkage of lightweight concrete (low-density aggregate concrete)	136	(1)
Durability	137	(1)
Thermal expansion and thermal conductivity	138	(3)
Carbonation in low-density aggregate concrete (lightweight concrete)	141	(1)
High-strength lightweight aggregate concrete in offshore arctic environments	142	(1)
Design of concrete mixtures for structural lightweight aggregate concrete (low-density aggregate concrete)	143	(16)
References	156	(1)
Problems	157	(2)
Long-Term Effects	159	(45)
Creep in concrete	159	(3)
Creep prediction	162	(5)
Shrinkage in concrete	167	(7)
Strength and elastic properties of concrete versus time	174	(4)
Serviceability: long-term considerations	178	(26)
References	201	(1)
Problems	202	(2)
Characteristics of High-Performance Concrete	204	(42)
Introduction	204	(2)
Concrete properties at early ages	206	(4)
Mature elastic strength expressions	210	(1)
Workability and cohesiveness	211	(4)
Permeability	215	(4)
Volumetric stability	219	(13)
Ductility and energy absorption	232	(5)
Constructibility	237	(2)
Bond to parent concrete	239	(1)
Abrasion resistance	240	(1)
Fire resistance	241	(5)
References	242	(3)
Problems	245	(1)
Micro-and Macromechanics of High-Performance Concrete	246	(44)
Historical review	246	(1)
Microscopic and macroscopic behavior	247	(1)
Micro- and macromechanics theories	248	(1)
Classical failure theories	248	(1)
Crack propagation theory	249	(3)
Fracture mechanics theory	252	(15)
Shear friction transfer in two-layer high-strength concrete systems	267	(10)
Confinement in high-strength concrete	277	(13)
References	286	(2)
Problems	288	(2)
Fiber-Reinforced Concrete and Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Composites	290	(35)
Fiber-Reinforced Concrete	290	(1)
Historical development	290	(1)
General characteristics	291	(3)
Mixture proportioning	294	(1)
Mechanics of fiber reinforcement	295	(4)
Mechanical properties of fibrous concrete structural elements	299	(7)
Steel fiber-reinforced cement composites	306	(4)
Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Composites	310	(1)
Historical development	310	(1)
Beams and two-way slabs reinforced with GFRP bars	310	(1)
Carbon fibers and composite reinforcement	311	(7)
Fire resistance of polymer plastic composites	318	(2)
Prestressed concrete prism elements as main composite reinforcement in concrete beams	320	(1)
Summary	321	(4)
References	321	(3)
Problems	324	(1)
Economics of High-Strength High-Performance Concrete	325	(19)
Introduction	325	(1)
Principal factors affecting cost	326	(2)
Advantages of using high-strength concrete	328	(1)
Cost studies and comparisons	329	(9)
High-strength concrete in prestressed concrete bridge girders	338	(1)
Summary	339	(5)
References	343	(1)
Problems	343	(1)
Proportioning Concrete Structural Elements by ACI 318-99 Code: An Overview	344	(29)
Structural concrete	344	(4)
Structural design considerations	348	(6)
Reinforced concrete members	354	(12)
Prestressed concrete	366	(3)
Shear and torsion in prestressed elements	369	(2)
Walls and footings	371	(2)
References	372	(1)
Performance Control for Long-Term Durability: A Summation	373	(34)
Introduction	373	(2)
Concrete constituent materials	375	(4)
Corrosion inhibitors	379	(1)
Mixing water	379	(1)
Mixture proportioning for high performance	379	(3)
Constructability process	382	(4)
Serviceability considerations for long-term durability	386	(6)
Quality control and quality assurance	392	(15)
References	401	(1)
Additional Resources	402	(2)
Problems	404	(3)
High-Performance Concrete in the 21st Century	407	(12)
The new millennium	407	(1)
High-performance concrete construction needs	408	(3)
Design and rehabilitation considerations	411	(2)
Constructability considerations	413	(1)
Monitoring and cost evaluation	414	(2)
Expectations and conclusions	416	(3)
References	416	(3)
Appendix A Tables	419	(8)
Table A.1 PI unit conversion to SI units: general	420	(1)
Table A.2 PI unit conversion to SI units: load and stress intensity	421	(1)
Table A.3 PI unit conversion to MKS metric units	421	(1)
Table A.4 Chemical analysis by XRF of cement, fly ash, and silica fume	421	(1)
Table A.5 Physical properties of some heavyweight aggregates	422	(1)
Table A.6 Density classification of concrete aggregates	422	(1)
Table A.7 Typical solid wastes as aggregates for concrete	423	(1)
Table A.8 High-strength high-rise buildings	424	(1)
Table A.9 Mixture proportions of recent high-rise buildings	425	(1)
Table A.10 Concrete platforms in the North Sea	426	(1)
References	426	(1)
Appendix B Standards and Reports	427	(4)
Author Index	431	(4)
Subject Index	435