Fundamentals of Metallurgy

by Seetharaman; Seshadri

• ISBN13: 9780849334436
• ISBN10: 0849334438
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2005-11-01
• Publisher: CRC Press

Summary

"With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Fundamentals of metallurgy will be an invaluable reference for steelmakers and manufacturers requiring high-performance steels in such areas as automotive and aerospace engineering. It will also be useful for those who deal with non-ferrous metals and alloys, designers of functional materials, environmentalists and, above all, high-technology industries which require materials with tailored properties."--BOOK JACKET.

Table of Contents

Contributor contact details	xi
Preface	xiii
Part I Understanding the effects of processing on the properties of metals
1 Descriptions of high-temperature metallurgical processes	3	(79)
HY SOHN, University of Utah and S SRIDHAR, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
1.1 Introduction	3	(1)
1.2 Reactions involving gases and solids	4	(13)
1.3 Reactions involving liquid phases	17	(10)
1.4 Casting processes	27	(4)
1.5 Thermomechanical processes	31	(3)
1.6 References	34	(3)
1.7 Appendix: notation	37	(1)
2 Thermodynamic aspects of metals processing	38	(140)
RE AUNE and S SEETHARAMAN, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden
2.1 Introduction	38	(1)
2.2 Basic concepts in thermodynamics	39	(5)
2.3 Chemical equilibrium	44	(5)
2.4 Unary and multicomponent equilibria	49	(8)
2.5 Thermodynamics of solutions	57	(9)
2.6 Thermodynamics of multicomponent dilute solutions	66	(4)
2.7 Modelling of metallic systems	70	(2)
2.8 Thermodynamics of ionic melts	72	(7)
2.9 Basics of electrochemical thermodynamics	79	(1)
2.10 Conclusions	79	(1)
2.11 Further reading	80	(1)
2.12 References	80	(2)
3 Phase diagrams, phase transformations, and the prediction of metal properties	82	(27)
K MORITA, The University of Tokyo and N SANO, Nippon Steel Corporation, Japan
3.1 Introduction	82	(1)
3.2 Phase diagrams and potential diagrams	83	(4)
3.3 Ternary phase diagrams	87	(8)
3.4 Solidification in ternary systems and four-phase equilibria	95	(7)
3.5 Examples of solidification behaviour from a phase diagram perspective	102	(5)
3.6 Conclusions	107	(1)
3.7 References	108	(1)
4 Measurement and estimation of physical properties of metals at high temperatures	109	(69)
KC MILLS, Imperial College London, UK
4.1 Introduction	109	(4)
4.2 Factors affecting physical properties and their measurement	113	(7)
4.3 Measurements and problems	120	(2)
4.4 Fluid flow properties	122	(14)
4.5 Properties related to heat transfer	136	(10)
4.6 Properties related to mass transfer	146	(2)
4.7 Estimating metal properties	148	(21)
4.8 Acknowledgements	169	(1)
4.9 References	169	(6)
4.10 Appendix A: calculation of structural parameters NBO/T and optical basicity	175	(1)
4.11 Appendix B: notation	176	(2)
5 Transport phenomena and metals properties	178	(172)
AK LAHIRI, Indian Institute of Science, India
5.1 Introduction	178	(1)
5.2 Mass transfer	178	(22)
5.3 Heat transfer	200	(17)
5.4 Fluid flow	217	(18)
5.5 Further reading	235	(1)
5.6 References	236	(1)
6 Interfacial phenomena, metals processing and properties	237	(33)
K MUKAI, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan
6.1 Introduction	237	(1)
6.2 Fundamentals of the interface	238	(19)
6.3 Interfacial properties of a metallurgical melts system	257	(3)
6.4 Interfacial phenomena in relation to metallurgical processing	260	(7)
6.5 Further reading	267	(1)
6.6 References	267	(3)
7 The kinetics of metallurgical reactions	270	(80)
S SRIDHAR, Carnegie Mellon University, USA and HY SOHN, University of Utah
7.1 Introduction	270	(1)
7.2 Fundamentals of heterogeneous kinetics	270	(8)
7.3 Solid-state reactions	278	(12)
7.4 Gas–solid reactions	290	(21)
7.5 Liquid–liquid reactions	311	(2)
7.6 Solid–liquid reactions	313	(5)
7.7 Gas–liquid reactions	318	(3)
7.8 Comprehensive process modeling	321	(20)
7.9 References	341	(5)
7.10 Appendix: notation	346	(4)
8 Thermoanalytical methods in metals processing	350	(19)
ON MOHANTY, The Tata Iron and Steel Company, India
8.1 Introduction	350	(6)
8.2 Thermogravimetry (TG)	356	(2)
8.3 Differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	358	(5)
8.4 Evolved gas analysis (EGA) and detection (EGD)	363	(2)
8.5 References	365	(4)
Part II Improving process and product quality
9 Improving process design in steelmaking	369	(30)
D SICHEN, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden
9.1 Introduction	369	(1)
9.2 Overview of process design	369	(6)
9.3 Thermodynamics and mass balance	375	(10)
9.4 Kinetics — mass transfer and heat transfer	385	(2)
9.5 Optimization of interfacial reactions	387	(6)
9.6 Micro-modelling	393	(3)
9.7 Conclusions	396	(1)
9.8 References	396	(3)
10 Solidification and steel casting	399	(54)
AW CRAMB, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
10.1 Introduction	399	(1)
10.2 Solidification fundamentals	400	(13)
10.3 The growth of solids	413	(15)
10.4 The casting of steels	428	(21)
10.5 Conclusions	449	(1)
10.6 Acknowledgements	450	(1)
10.7 References	450	(3)
11 Analysing metal working processes	453	(1)
G ENOBERG, SSAB Tunnplåt AB and MIK Research AB (MIKRAB) and L KARLSSON, Dalarna University, Sweden
11.1 Introduction	453	(1)
11.2 Work hardening	454	(3)
11.3 Rate effects	457	(5)
11.4 Interaction with phase transformations	462	(1)
11.5 Examples of material behaviour during processing	463	(5)
11.6 Development trends	468	(1)
11.7 References	469	(2)
12 Understanding and improving powder metallurgical processes	471	(1)
F LEMOISSON and L FROYEN, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
12.1 Introduction	471	(1)
12.2 Production processes for powders	471	(15)
12.3 Funning processes towards near-net shape	486	(14)
12.4 Conclusions	500	(1)
12.5 References	500	(3)
13 Improving steelmaking and steel properties	503	(1)
T Emi, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden
13.1 Introduction	503	(3)
13.2 Developing processes and properties with reference to market, energy, and environment	506	(17)
13.3 Optimization of processes to meet properties and productivity	523	(14)
13.4 Economic optimization	537	(9)
13.5 Environmental optimization	546	(4)
13.6 Future trends	550	(3)
13.7 Further reading	553	(1)
13.8 References	553	(2)
Index	555