This book provides the basics needed to develop sensor network software and supplements it with many case studies covering network applications. It also examines how to develop onboard applications on individual sensors, how to interconnect these sensors, and how to form networks of sensors. Included is actual code tested in a laboratory environment, as well as structured examples that allow demonstration of material with only a small network of four (or more) sensor nodes and a laptop. Professionals working in industry, graduate students, computer science professionals, and academic researchers will benefit from this resource.

Dr. S. Sitharama Iyengar is the Roy Paul Daniels Professor and Chairman of the Computer Science Department at Louisiana State University. He heads the Wireless Sensor Networks Laboratory and the Robotics Research Laboratory. Dr. Nandan Parameshwaran is a Senior Lecturer in the School of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of New South Wales. Dr. Vir V. Phoha is a professor of computer science in the College of Engineering and Science at Louisiana Tech University. He holds the W. W. Chew Endowed Professorship and directs the Center for Secure Cyberspace. Dr. N. Balakrishnan is Associate Director of the Indian Institute of Science and Professor at the Department of Aerospace Engineering and the Supercomputer Education and Research Centre. He played a crucial role in building India's first Supercomputer Centre and the National Centre for Science Information. Chuka D. Okoye is a computer science senior at Louisiana Tech University. He has designed several software components for distributed systems since his initial foray into this area in the Google Summer of Code project. Mr. Okoye currently works as a research assistant at the Center for Secure Cyberspace.

Preface	p. xiii
Foreword	p. xvii
Acknowledgments	p. xix
About the Authors	p. xxi
Notations and Abbreviations	p. xxv
Overview
Introduction	p. 3
Some Foundational Information	p. 3
Next-Generation Sensor Networked Tiny Devices	p. 5
Sensor Network Software	p. 6
Performance-Driven Network Software Programming	p. 8
Unique Characteristics of Programming Environments for Sensor Networks	p. 10
Goals of the Book	p. 10
Why TinyOS and NesC	p. 10
Organization of the Book	p. 10
Future Demands on Sensor-Based Software	p. 12
Problems	p. 12
References	p. 14
Wireless Sensor Networks	p. 15
Sensor Network Applications	p. 17
Characteristics of Sensor Networks	p. 20
Nature of Data in Sensor Networks	p. 24
Problems	p. 24
References	p. 25
Sensor Technology	p. 27
Sensor Level	p. 27
Server Level	p. 33
Client Level	p. 36
Programming Tools	p. 36
Problems	p. 37
References	p. 38
Background
Data Structures for Sensor Computing	p. 41
Introduction to Sensor Computing	p. 43
Communication Capabilities	p. 46
General Structure of Programming	p. 48
Details on Embedded Data Structures	p. 51
Linked List	p. 53
Importance of Graph Concepts in Sensor Programming	p. 57
Graph and Trees	p. 61
Trees	p. 66
Graph Traversal	p. 75
Connectivity	p. 76
Planar Graphs	p. 81
Coloring and Independence	p. 83
Clique Covering	p. 84
Intersection Graph	p. 85
Defining Data Structure of Spanning Tree Protocols	p. 86
Problems	p. 90
References	p. 91
Tiny Operating System (TinyOS)	p. 92
Components of TinyOS	p. 93
An Introduction to NesC	p. 93
Event-Driven Programming	p. 96
Problems	p. 97
References	p. 97
Programming in NesC	p. 99
NesC Programming	p. 99
A Simple Program	p. 99
Problems	p. 108
References	p. 109
Sensor Network Implementation
Sensor Programming	p. 113
Programming Challenges in Wireless Sensor Networks	p. 113
Sensing the World	p. 119
Applications Using the Interface SplitControl	p. 122
Problems	p. 129
References	p. 130
Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks	p. 131
Structural Characteristics of Sensor Nodes	p. 132
Distinctive Properties of Wireless Sensor Networks	p. 134
Sensor Network Stack	p. 135
Synchronization in Wireless Sensor Networks	p. 138
Collision Avoidance: Token-Based Approach	p. 144
Carrier Sensing Versus Decoding	p. 148
Problems	p. 153
References	p. 154
Techniques for Protocol Programming	p. 155
The Mediation Device Protocol	p. 156
Contention-Based Protocols	p. 158
Programming with Link-Layer Protocols	p. 161
Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) Protocols	p. 161
Transmitter Role	p. 161
Alternating-Bit-Based ARQ Protocols	p. 163
Selective Repeat/Selective Reject	p. 168
Naming and Addressing	p. 170
Distributed Assignment of Networkwide Addresses	p. 170
Improved Algorithms	p. 177
Content-Based Addressing	p. 179
Flooding	p. 181
Rumor Routing	p. 184
Tracking	p. 188
Querying in Rumor Routing	p. 189
Problems	p. 194
References	p. 194
Real-World Scenarios
Sensor Deployment Abstraction	p. 197
Sensor Network Abstraction	p. 197
Data Aggregation	p. 198
Collaboration Group Abstractions	p. 202
Programming Beyond Individual Nodes	p. 205
Problems	p. 205
References	p. 206
Standards for Building Wireless Sensor Network Applications	p. 207
802.XX Industry Frequency and Data Rates	p. 207
ZigBee Devices and Components	p. 208
ZigBee Application Development	p. 210
Dissemination and Evaluation	p. 212
Problems	p. 212
References	p. 214
INSPIRE: Innovation in Sensor Programming Implementation for Real-Time Environment	p. 215
Motivation and Background	p. 215
Software Microframework Requirements	p. 236
References	p. 237
Performance Analysis of Power-Aware Algorithms	p. 239
Introduction	p. 239
Service Architecture	p. 242
Approaches to WSN Programmability	p. 248
Simulation Capabilities	p. 249
Benchmarking	p. 251
Conclusion	p. 251
Problems	p. 252
References	p. 252
Modeling Sensor Networks Through Design and Simulation	p. 253
Introduction	p. 254
Why a New Simulator	p. 254
Currently Available Simulators	p. 255
Simulation Design	p. 257
Implementation Details	p. 261
Experimental Results	p. 265
Final Comments	p. 271
Appendix	p. 272
Acknowledgments	p. 275
Problems	p. 275
References	p. 275
MATLAB Simulation of Airport Baggage-Handling System	p. 277
Introduction	p. 277
Background	p. 277
Proposed Architecture	p. 283
Simulation Results and Discussion	p. 283
Source Code	p. 286
Problems	p. 295
References	p. 296
Security in Sensor Networks	p. 297
Introduction	p. 297
Security Constraints	p. 297
Denial-of-Service Attacks in Multiple Layers	p. 298
Some Well-Known Algorithms for Security Problems	p. 302
Secure Information Routing	p. 302
Security Protocols for Sensor Networks	p. 303
Final Comments	p. 303
Problems	p. 303
References	p. 304
Closing Comments	p. 305
Bibliography	p. 307
Index	p. 313
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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