Fundamentals of Sports Injury Management

by Anderson, Marcia K.; Hall, Susan J.; Hitchings, Cheryl

• ISBN13: 9780683300017
• ISBN10: 0683300016
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1997-06-01
• Publisher: Williams & Wilkins

Summary

Bridgewater State College, MA. Introductory textbook for students preparing to work in the field of professional athletic training. Provides a foundation in the prevention, recognition, assessment, management, disposition, and rehabilitation of sport-related injuries and illnesses.

Table of Contents

Preface	v	(6)
Acknowledgments	xi	(16)
Field Strategies	xxvii
Section I Foundations of Sports Injury Management	5	(58)
1 Sports Injury Management and the Athletic Trainer	5	(26)
Sports Medicine	6	(1)
Responsibilities of the Primary Sports Medicine Team	7	(5)
Team Physician	8	(1)
Primary Care Physician	8	(1)
Athletic Trainer	8	(1)
Coach or Sport Supervisor	9	(2)
Sport Participants	11	(1)
Student Athletic Trainer	11	(1)
Physical Therapist	11	(1)
Standards of Professional Practice	12	(3)
NATA Certification for the Athletic Trainer	13	(1)
Continuing Education Requirements	14	(1)
Registration and Licensure	14	(1)
Legal Liability	15	(5)
Negligence	16	(1)
Failure to Warn	16	(1)
Informed Consent	17	(1)
Foreseeability of Harm	17	(1)
Product Liability	18	(1)
Confidentiality	18	(2)
Preventing Litigation	20	(1)
Medical Records and Record Keeping	20	(7)
Preparticipation Exams	20	(1)
Medical Data Information Cards	21	(1)
Accident Reports	21	(3)
Injury Management, Rehabilitation, and Progress Charts	24	(3)
Career Opportunities in Athletic Training	27	(2)
High School and Collegiate Settings	27	(1)
Sports Medicine Clinics	28	(1)
Dual High School/Clinic Athletic Trainer	28	(1)
Industrial Health Care Programs	29	(1)
Professional Sport Teams	29	(1)
Summary	29	(2)
2 The Mechanics of Tissue Injury and Healing	31	(32)
Injury Mechanisms	32	(6)
Force and Its Effects	32	(4)
Torque and Its Effects	36	(2)
Soft Tissue Injuries	38	(8)
Anatomical Properties of Soft Tissue	38	(3)
Skin Injury Classifications	41	(1)
Other Soft Tissue Injury Classifications	42	(2)
Soft Tissue Healing	44	(2)
Bone Injuries	46	(7)
Anatomical Properties of Bone	46	(3)
Bone Injury Classifications	49	(3)
Epiphyseal Injury Classifications	52	(1)
Bony Tissue Healing	52	(1)
Nerve Injuries	53	(2)
Anatomical Properties of Nerves	54	(1)
Nerve Injury Classifications	54	(1)
Nerve Healing	55	(1)
Pain	55	(2)
Neurological Basis of Pain	55	(1)
Factors That Mediate Pain	56	(1)
Referred Pain and Radiating Pain	56	(1)
Nutrition	57	(1)
Summary	58	(5)
Section II Sports Injury Management	63	(186)
3 Emergency Procedures	63	(50)
Emergency Situations	64	(1)
Obstructed Airway	65	(1)
Partial Airway Obstruction	65	(1)
Total Airway Obstruction	66	(1)
Cardiopulmonary Emergencies	66	(1)
Unconscious Athlete	66	(2)
Hemorrhage	68	(2)
External Bleeding	68	(2)
Internal Hemorrhage	70	(1)
Fractures	70	(3)
Shock	73	(1)
Hyperthermia	74	(7)
Internal Heat Regulation	75	(3)
Measuring the Heat Stress Index	78	(1)
Preventing Heat Emergencies	78	(1)
Heat Cramps	79	(1)
Heat Exhaustion	80	(1)
Heat Stroke	80	(1)
Emergency Care for Heat Stress	81	(1)
Hypothermia	81	(4)
Preventing Cold-related Injuries	82	(1)
Frostbite Injuries	83	(1)
Systematic Body Cooling	84	(1)
Emergency Plan	85	(2)
Primary Injury Assessment	87	(9)
Assess Unresponsiveness	88	(1)
Open the Airway	88	(3)
Establish Breathing	91	(2)
Establish Circulation	93	(3)
Secondary Injury Assessment	96	(10)
History of the Injury	97	(2)
Observation	99	(3)
Palpation	102	(3)
Special Tests	105	(1)
Determination of Findings	106	(1)
Moving the Injured Participant	107	(2)
Summary	109	(4)
4 Sports Injury Assessment	113	(32)
Anatomical Foundations	114	(6)
Body Segments and Anatomical Position	115	(1)
Directional Terms	116	(3)
Regional Terms	119	(1)
Joint Movement Terms	119	(1)
Assessing an Injury	120	(1)
On-the-field vs. Off-the-field Assessment	120	(1)
History of the Injury	121	(4)
Primary Complaint	123	(1)
Mechanism of Injury	123	(1)
Characteristics of the Symptoms	123	(1)
Disability Resulting From the Injury	124	(1)
Related Medical History	125	(1)
Observation and Inspection	125	(4)
Observation	127	(2)
Inspection of the Injury Site	129	(1)
Palpation	129	(3)
Special Tests	132	(6)
Joint Range of Motion	132	(1)
Resisted Manual Muscle Testing	133	(2)
Neurologic Testing	135	(1)
Stress Tests	136	(2)
Functional Testing	138	(1)
Injury Recognition	138	(2)
SOAP Notes	140	(2)
Subjective Evaluation	140	(1)
Objective Evaluation	140	(1)
Assessment	141	(1)
Plan	141	(1)
Summary	142	(3)
5 Therapeutic Exercise and Therapeutic Modalities	145	(36)
Psychology and the Injured Participant	146	(1)
Developing a Therapeutic Exercise Program	147	(1)
Phase One: Controlling Inflammation	148	(3)
Control of Inflammation	150	(1)
Protect and Restrict Activity	150	(1)
Phase Two: Restoration of Motion	151	(5)
Joint Range of Motion	153	(1)
Flexibility	153	(3)
Phase Three: Developing Muscular Strength, Endurance, and Power	156	(7)
Muscular Strength	157	(3)
Muscular Endurance	160	(1)
Muscular Power	160	(1)
Open- vs. Closed-chain Exercises	161	(2)
Phase Four: Return to Sport Activity	163	(2)
Coordination	163	(1)
Sport-specific Skill Conditioning	164	(1)
Cardiovascular Endurance	165	(1)
Therapeutic Modalities and Medications	165	(14)
Cryotherapy	167	(4)
Thermotherapy	171	(4)
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation	175	(2)
Intermittent Compression Units	177	(1)
Continuous Passive Motion (CPM)	177	(1)
Massage	177	(1)
Medications	178	(1)
Summary	179	(2)
6 Protective Equipment	181	(28)
Principles of Protective Equipment	182	(2)
Protective Equipment for the Head and Face	184	(8)
Football Helmets	184	(2)
Ice Hockey Helmets	186	(1)
Batting Helmets	186	(1)
Other Helmets	186	(1)
Face Guards	187	(1)
Mouth Guards	188	(1)
Eye Wear	189	(1)
Ear Wear	190	(1)
Throat and Neck Protectors	190	(2)
Protective Equipment for the Upper Body	192	(6)
Shoulder Protection	192	(1)
Elbow, Forearm, Wrist, and Hand Protection	192	(1)
Thorax, Rib, and Abdominal Protection	193	(1)
Sport Bras	194	(1)
Lumbar/Sacral Protection	195	(3)
Protective Equipment for the Lower Body	198	(8)
Hip and Buttock Protection	198	(1)
Thigh Protection	198	(1)
Knee and Patella Protection	198	(3)
Lower Leg Protection	201	(1)
Ankle and Foot Protection	202	(4)
Summary	206	(3)
7 Protective Taping and Wraps	209	(40)
Principles of Taping and Wrapping	209	(8)
Uses of Tape and Wraps	211	(1)
Types of Tape and Wraps	211	(2)
Application of Tape	213	(3)
Application of Wraps	216	(1)
Common Taping and Wrapping Techniques	217	(26)
Taping and Wrapping Techniques for the Lower Extremity	218	(18)
Taping and Wrapping Techniques for the Upper Extremity	236	(7)
Summary	243	(6)
Section III Injuries to the Lower Extremity	249	(132)
8 Foot, Ankle, and Lower Leg	249	(48)
Anatomy Review of the Foot, Ankle, and Lower Leg	250	(7)
Bones of the Foot	250	(1)
Ligaments of the Foot and Ankle	250	(2)
Plantar Arches	252	(3)
Muscles of the Lower Leg and Foot	255	(1)
Nerves and Blood Supply of the Foot, Ankle, and Lower Leg	255	(2)
Major Muscle Actions of the Foot, Ankle, and Lower Leg	257	(5)
Toe Flexion and Extension	259	(1)
Dorsiflexion and Plantar Flexion	260	(1)
Inversion and Eversion	261	(1)
Pronation and Supination	261	(1)
Prevention of Injuries	262	(4)
Toe and Foot Conditions	266	(6)
Turf Toe	266	(1)
Hammer and Claw Toes	267	(1)
Ingrown Toenail	267	(1)
Blisters and Calluses	267	(3)
Morton's Neuroma	270	(1)
Bunions (Hallux Valgus)	270	(1)
Bursitis (Pump Bump, Runner's Bump)	270	(2)
Athlete's Foot	272	(1)
Contusions	272	(2)
Foot Contusions	273	(1)
Lower Leg Contusions	273	(1)
Acute Compartment Syndrome	273	(1)
Foot and Ankle Sprains	274	(2)
Toe and Foot Sprains/Dislocations	274	(1)
Lateral Ankle Sprains	274	(1)
Medical Ankle Sprains	275	(1)
Acute Strains of the Foot and Lower Leg	276	(2)
Muscle Cramps	277	(1)
Lower Leg Tendon Strains	277	(1)
Achilles Tendon Rupture	277	(1)
Overuse Conditions	278	(3)
Plantar Fasciitis	278	(1)
Achilles Tendinitis	279	(1)
Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome (MTSS)	280	(1)
Exercise-induced Compartment Syndrome	280	(1)
Fractures	281	(3)
Assessment of the Foot, Ankle, and Lower Leg	284	(1)
History	284	(1)
Observation and Inspection	285	(1)
Palpations	286	(2)
Bony Palpations	287	(1)
Soft Tissue Palpations	287	(1)
Special Tests	288	(4)
Joint Range of Motion	288	(1)
Resisted Manual Muscle Testing	288	(1)
Neurologic Assessment	288	(2)
Stress and Functional Tests	290	(2)
Rehabilitation	292	(2)
Summary	294	(3)
9 The Knee	297	(42)
Anatomy Review of the Knee	298	(6)
Tibiofemoral Joint	298	(2)
Menisci	300	(1)
Joint Capsule and Bursae	300	(1)
Ligaments of the Knee	300	(1)
Patellofemoral Joint	301	(1)
Muscles Crossing the Knee	301	(1)
Nerves and Blood Supply of the Knee	301	(3)
Major Muscle Actions of the Knee	304	(2)
Flexion and Extension	304	(1)
Rotation and Passive Abduction and Adduction	304	(1)
Patellofemoral Joint Motion	305	(1)
Prevention of Injuries	306	(1)
Contusions and Bursitis	306	(5)
Ligamentous Injuries	311	(5)
Unidirectional Instabilities	311	(3)
Management of Ligament Injuries	314	(2)
Meniscal Injuries	316	(1)
Patella and Related Injuries	317	(4)
Patellofemoral Stress Syndrome	317	(1)
Chondromalacia Patellae	318	(1)
Acute Patellar Subluxation and Dislocation	319	(1)
Patellar Tendinitis (Jumper's Knee)	319	(1)
Osgood-Schlatter Disease	320	(1)
Extensor Tendon Rupture	321	(1)
Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome	321	(1)
Fractures	322	(3)
Assessment of the Knee	325	(1)
History	325	(1)
Observation and Inspection	325	(2)
Palpations	327	(1)
Bony Palpations	327	(1)
Soft Tissue Palpations	327	(1)
Palpation for Swelling	327	(1)
Special Tests	328	(6)
Joint Range of Motion	328	(1)
Resisted Manual Muscle Testing	328	(2)
Neurologic Assessment	330	(1)
Stress and Functional Tests	330	(4)
Rehabilitation	334	(3)
Summary	337	(2)
10 Thigh, Hip, and Pelvis Injuries	339	(42)
Anatomy of the Thigh, Hip, and Pelvis	340	(4)
Bony Structure of the Thigh, Hip, and Pelvis	340	(1)
Hip Joint	341	(1)
Nerves and Blood Vessels of the Thigh, Hip, and Pelvis	342	(2)
Major Muscle Actions of the Hip	344	(3)
Flexion	344	(1)
Extension	345	(1)
Abduction	345	(1)
Adduction	346	(1)
Medical and Lateral Rotation of the Femur	346	(1)
Prevention of Injuries	347	(4)
Contusions	351	(3)
Quadriceps Contusion	351	(1)
Myositis Ossificans	351	(2)
Hip Pointers	353	(1)
Bursitis	354	(1)
Sprains and Dislocations	355	(1)
Strains	356	(3)
Vascular Disorders	359	(1)
Hip Fractures	360	(4)
Assessment of the Thigh, Hip, and Pelvis	364	(1)
History	364	(1)
Observation and Inspection	364	(2)
Palpations	366	(1)
Bony Palpations	367	(1)
Soft Tissue Palpations	367	(1)
Special Tests	367	(7)
Joint Range of Motion	368	(1)
Resisted Manual Muscle Testing	368	(1)
Neurologic Assessment	369	(1)
Stress and Functional Tests	370	(4)
Rehabilitation	374	(1)
Summary	375	(6)
Section IV Injuries to the Upper Extremity	381	(120)
11 Shoulder Injuries	381	(48)
Anatomy Review of the Shoulder	382	(7)
Sternoclavicular Joint	382	(1)
Acromioclavicular Joint	383	(1)
Coracoclavicular Joint	383	(1)
Glenohumeral Joint	383	(1)
Scapulothoracic Joint	384	(2)
Muscles of the Shoulder	386	(1)
Bursae	386	(2)
Nerves and Blood Vessels of the Shoulder	388	(1)
Major Muscle Actions of the Shoulder Complex	389	(5)
Throwing	389	(2)
Coordination of Shoulder Movements	391	(1)
Glenohumeral Flexion	392	(1)
Glenohumeral Extension	393	(1)
Glenohumeral Abduction	393	(1)
Glenohumeral Adduction	393	(1)
Lateral and Medical Rotation of the Humerus	393	(1)
Prevention of Injuries	394	(4)
Sprains to the Shoulder Complex	398	(6)
Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain	398	(1)
Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain	398	(3)
Glenohumeral Joint Sprain	401	(1)
Glenohumeral Dislocations	402	(2)
Recurrent Subluxations and Dislocations	404	(1)
Overuse Injuries	404	(3)
Rotator Cuff/Impingement Injuries	404	(2)
Bursitis	406	(1)
Bicipital Tendon Injuries	406	(1)
Fractures	407	(3)
Assessment of the Shoulder	410	(1)
History	410	(1)
Observation and Inspection	410	(1)
Palpations	411	(2)
Bony Palpations	413	(1)
Soft Tissue Palpations	413	(1)
Special Tests	413	(8)
Joint Range of Motion	413	(1)
Resisted Manual Muscle Testing	414	(1)
Neurologic Assessment	415	(1)
Stress and Functional Tests	415	(6)
Rehabilitation	421	(5)
Summary	426	(3)
12 Upper Arm, Elbow, and Forearm Injuries	429	(34)
Anatomy Review of the Elbow	430	(3)
Bony Structure of the Elbow	430	(1)
Ligaments of the Elbow	430	(1)
Muscles of the Elbow	431	(1)
Nerves and Blood Vessels of the Elbow	431	(2)
Major Muscle Actions of the Elbow	433	(3)
Flexion and Extension	434	(1)
Pronation and Supination	435	(1)
Prevention of Injuries	436	(1)
Contusions	436	(4)
Olecranon Bursitis	440	(1)
Sprains and Dislocations	441	(2)
Strains	443	(1)
Overuse Conditions	444	(4)
Medial Epicondylitis	444	(1)
Lateral Epicondylitis	445	(3)
Impingement of the Ulnar Nerve	448	(1)
Fractures	448	(1)
Assessment of the Elbow	449	(1)
History	449	(1)
Observation and Inspection	450	(1)
Palpations	451	(2)
Bony Palpations	451	(2)
Soft Tissue Palpations	453	(1)
Special Tests	453	(5)
Joint Range of Motion	454	(1)
Resisted Manual Muscle Testing	454	(1)
Neurologic Testing	454	(1)
Stress and Functional Tests	454	(4)
Rehabilitation	458	(1)
Summary	459	(4)
13 Wrist and Hand Injuries	463	(38)
Anatomy Review of the Wrist and Hand	464	(6)
Bones and Articulations of the Wrist and Hand	464	(1)
Muscles of the Wrist and Hand	465	(1)
Nerves and Blood Vessels of the Wrist and Hand	465	(2)
Retinacula of the Wrist	467	(3)
Major Muscle Actions of the Wrist and Hand	470	(2)
Flexion	470	(1)
Extension and Hyperextension	470	(1)
Radial and Ulnar Deviation	471	(1)
Carpometacarpal Joint Motion	471	(1)
Metacarpophalangeal Joint Motion	471	(1)
Interphalangeal Joint Motion	472	(1)
Prevention of Injuries	472	(1)
Contusions and Abrasions	473	(1)
Sprains	473	(4)
Wrist Sprains	473	(1)
Gamekeeper's Thumb	474	(1)
Interphalangeal Collateral Ligament Sprains	474	(1)
Dislocations	475	(2)
Strains	477	(3)
Jersey Finger (Profundus Tendon Rupture)	477	(1)
Mallet Finger	477	(1)
Boutonniere Deformity	478	(1)
Tendinitis and Stenosing Tenosynovitis	478	(1)
Ganglion Cysts	479	(1)
Fingertip Injuries	480	(1)
Nerve Entrapment Syndromes	480	(3)
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome	481	(1)
Ulnar Neuropathy	482	(1)
Fractures	483	(3)
Distal Radial and Ulnar Fractures	483	(1)
Carpal Fractures	483	(2)
Metacarpal Fractures	485	(1)
Phalangeal Fractures	486	(1)
Assessment of the Wrist and Hand	486	(1)
History	487	(1)
Observation and Inspection	488	(1)
Palpations	488	(3)
Bony Palpations	489	(1)
Soft Tissue Palpations	489	(2)
Special Tests	491	(3)
Joint Range of Motion	491	(1)
Resisted Manual Muscle Testing	491	(1)
Neurologic Testing	491	(1)
Stress and Functional Tests	492	(2)
Rehabilitation	494	(1)
Summary	495	(6)
Section V Injuries to the Axial Region	501	(116)
14 Head and Facial Injuries	501	(38)
Anatomy Review of the Head and Facial Region	502	(4)
Bones of the Skull	502	(1)
The Scalp	503	(1)
The Brain	503	(1)
The Eyes	504	(1)
Nerves and Blood Vessels of the Head and Face	505	(1)
Prevention of Injuries	506	(1)
Cranial Injury Mechanisms	507	(1)
Skull Fractures	508	(2)
Cerebral Hematomas	510	(3)
Epidural Hematoma	511	(1)
Subdural Hematoma	511	(2)
Concussions	513	(3)
Grade I Concussion	514	(1)
Grade II Concussion	515	(1)
Grade III Concussion	515	(1)
Grade IV Concussion	515	(1)
Grade V Concussion	515	(1)
Grade VI Concussion	516	(1)
Second Impact Syndrome	516	(1)
Scalp Injuries	516	(1)
Assessment of Cranial Injuries	517	(7)
Vital Signs	518	(1)
History	519	(1)
Observation and Inspection	520	(1)
Palpation	520	(1)
Special Tests	520	(1)
Determination of Findings	521	(3)
Facial Injuries	524	(1)
Facial Soft Tissue Injuries	524	(1)
Facial Fractures	524	(1)
Nasal Injuries	525	(2)
Epistaxis	526	(1)
Nasal Fractures	526	(1)
Oral and Dental Injuries	527	(2)
Lacerations of the Mouth	527	(1)
Dental Injuries	528	(1)
Ear Injuries	529	(2)
External Ear Injury	529	(1)
Internal Ear Injury	530	(1)
Eye Injuries	531	(4)
Periorbital Ecchymosis (Black eye)	531	(1)
Foreign Bodies	532	(1)
Conjunctivitis (Pinkeye)	533	(1)
Corneal Abrasion	533	(1)
Subconjunctival Hemorrhage	533	(1)
Hemorrhage into the Anterior Chamber	533	(1)
Detached Retina	533	(1)
Orbital "Blowout" Fracture	534	(1)
Displaced Contact Lens	534	(1)
Summary	535	(4)
15 Injuries to the Spine	539	(42)
Anatomy Review of the Spine	540	(5)
Vertebrae and Intervertebral Discs	540	(2)
Ligaments of the Spine	542	(1)
Muscles of the Spine and Trunk	542	(1)
Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves	542	(3)
Major Muscle Actions of the Spine	545	(2)
Flexion, Extension, and Hyperextension	546	(1)
Lateral Flexion and Rotation	546	(1)
Anatomical Variations Predisposing Individuals to Spine Injuries	547	(2)
Spinal Curvatures	547	(1)
Pars Interarticularis Fractures	548	(1)
Prevention of Injuries	549	(6)
Cervical Spine Injuries	555	(3)
Cervical Strains and Sprains	556	(1)
Cervical Fractures and Dislocations	557	(1)
Brachial Plexus Injuries	558	(2)
Thoracic Spine Injuries	560	(1)
Thoracic Contusions, Strains, and Sprains	560	(1)
Thoracic Spinal Fractures and Apophysitis	560	(1)
Lumber Spine Injuries	561	(5)
Low Back Pain	562	(1)
Lumber Contusions, Strains, and Sprains	563	(1)
Sciatica	564	(1)
Lumbar Disc Injuries	565	(1)
Lumbar Fractures and Dislocations	565	(1)
Sacrum and Coccyx Injuries	566	(1)
Assessment of the Spine	566	(1)
History	567	(1)
Observation and Inspection	568	(2)
Posture	568	(1)
Scan Exam	569	(1)
Inspection of the Injury Site	569	(1)
Gross Neuromuscular Assessment	570	(1)
Palpations	570	(2)
Anterior Aspect	571	(1)
Posterior Aspect	571	(1)
Special Tests	572	(5)
Joint Range of Motion	572	(1)
Resisted Manual Muscle Testing	572	(1)
Neurologic Assessment	573	(1)
Stress and Functional Tests	573	(4)
Rehabilitation	577	(1)
Summary	578	(3)
16 Throat, Thorax, and Visceral Injuries	581	(36)
Anatomy Review of the Throat	582	(1)
Anatomy Review of the Thorax	583	(2)
Anatomy Review of the Visceral Region	585	(6)
Prevention of Injuries	591	(1)
Throat Injuries	592	(1)
Thoracic Injuries	593	(3)
Stitch in the Side	593	(1)
Breast Injuries	594	(1)
Strain of the Pectoralis Major Muscle	594	(1)
Costochondral Injury	594	(1)
Sternal and Rib Fractures	595	(1)
Internal Complications	596	(4)
Hyperventilation	597	(1)
Pulmonary Contusion	597	(1)
Pneumothorax	597	(1)
Tension Pneumothorax	598	(1)
Traumatic Asphyxia	598	(1)
Hemothorax	598	(1)
Heart Injuries	599	(1)
Sudden Death in Athletes	599	(1)
Abdominal Wall Injuries	600	(2)
Skin Wounds and Contusions	600	(1)
Muscle Strains	600	(1)
Solar Plexus Contusion ("Wind Knocked Out")	601	(1)
Hernias	601	(1)
Intra-abdominal Injuries	602	(3)
Splenic Rupture	603	(1)
Liver Contusion and Rupture	603	(1)
Appendicitis	604	(1)
Kidney and Bladder Injuries	604	(1)
Assessment of the Throat, Thorax, and Viscera	605	(1)
History	605	(2)
Observation and Inspection	607	(1)
Palpations	607	(2)
Special Tests	609	(2)
Summary	611	(6)
Section VI Special Conditions Related to Sports	617	(44)
17 Conditions Related to the Reproductive System	617	(16)
Anatomy of the Genitalia	618	(2)
Female Reproductive System	619	(1)
Male Reproductive System	620	(1)
Injuries and Conditions of the Genitalia	620	(4)
Male Genital Injuries	621	(1)
Female Genital Injuries	622	(1)
Dermatologic Conditions	623	(1)
Bloodborne Viral Diseases	624	(3)
Hepatitis B	624	(2)
AIDS	626	(1)
Menstrual Irregularities	627	(2)
Dysmenorrhea	627	(1)
Exercise-associated Amenorrhea	628	(1)
Birth Control and Sport Participation	629	(1)
Pregnancy and Sport Participation	629	(2)
Summary	631	(2)
18 Other Health Conditions Related to Sports	633	(28)
Respiratory Tract Conditions	634	(6)
Common Cold	634	(1)
Sinusitis	634	(1)
Pharyngitis (Sore Throat)	635	(1)
Influenza	636	(1)
Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever)	636	(1)
Acute Bronchitis	637	(1)
Infectious Mononucleosis	637	(1)
Bronchial Asthma	637	(1)
Exercise-induced Asthma	638	(2)
The Gastrointestinal Tract	640	(1)
Gastroenteritis	640	(1)
Diarrhea	640	(1)
Constipation	641	(1)
The Diabetic Athlete	641	(4)
Diabetic Coma	643	(1)
Insulin Shock	644	(1)
Exercise and Diabetes	644	(1)
Epilepsy	645	(1)
Hypertension	646	(2)
Anemia	648	(1)
Iron-deficiency Anemia	648	(1)
Sickle Cell Anemia	648	(1)
Substance Abuse	649	(4)
Therapeutic Drugs	649	(1)
Performance-enhancing Drugs	650	(1)
Recreational Drugs	650	(1)
Signs of Substance Abuse	650	(1)
Drug Testing	650	(3)
Disordered Eating	653	(5)
Disordered Eating Not Otherwise Specified (NOS)	654	(1)
Bulimia Nervosa	654	(1)
Anorexia Nervosa	655	(1)
Exercise and Weight Management	656	(2)
Summary	658	(3)
Credits	661	(2)
Glossary	663	(14)
Index	677