Genetically Engineered Foods : Assessing Potential Allergenicity

by Fu, Tong-Jen; Gendel, Steven M.

• ISBN13: 9780801874024
• ISBN10: 0801874025
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-01-01
• Publisher: Johns Hopkins Univ Pr

Summary

Advances in biotechnology have the potential to bring foods containing proteins derived from genes of non-food origin into the marketplace. Assessing the potential allergenicity of these transgenic proteins as part of the overall food safety evaluation process presents a challenge for the biotechnology industry. In 1996, the International Food Biotechnology Council and the ILSI Allergy and Immunology Institute jointly developed a decision-tree approach based on available data, and recommended that several factors be considered, including the primary amino acid sequences and physiochemical properties of proteins derived from non-food sources compared with those of known allergens. To evaluate whether more recent research findings can be incorporated into the current decision tree, the National Center for Food Safety and Technology organized a symposium in December 2000 to summarize the current understanding of food allergy and food allergens. In this volume, international experts from academia, government, and industry review the issues important in assessing the potential allergenicity of foods derived from genetically engineered foods. The authors comment on the current decision tree, discuss alternative testing methods, and recommend directions for future research.

Table of Contents

Preface	vii
Tong-Jen Fu
Steven M. Gendel
Part I. Overview of Food Allergy and Food Allergens
Current Understanding of Food Allergy	1	(12)
Wesley Burks
Current Understanding of Gastrointestinal Immunoregulation and Its Relation to Food Allergy	13	(34)
Per Brandtzaeg
Current Understanding of Cross-Reactivity of Food Allergens and Pollen	47	(22)
Stefan Vieths
Stephan Scheurer
Barbara Ballmer-Weber
Current Understanding of Food Allergens	69	(18)
Samuel B. Lehrer
Rosalia Ayuso
Gerald Reese
Part II. Current Approach for Assessing Potential Allergenicity of Proteins
Sequence Analysis for Assessing Potential Allergenicity	87	(12)
Steven M. Gendel
Digestion Stability as a Criterion for Protein Allergenicity Assessment	99	(12)
Tong-Jen Fu
Hypothesis: The Protein Body Effect and Other Aspects of Food Matrix Effects	111	(6)
Suzanne S. Teuber
Application of the IFBC/ILSI Allergenicity Assessment Decision Tree: An Industry Perspective	117	(12)
Ian C. Lamb
Phosphomannose Isomerase, a Novel Plant Selection System: Potential Allergenicity Assessment	129	(10)
Laura S. Privalle
Part III. Other Alternatives for Testing Allergenicity
Food Allergy Animal Models: An Overview	139	(12)
Ricki M. Helm
Assessment of Protein Allergenicity: Studies in Brown Norway Rats	151	(12)
Leon M.J. Knippels
Andre H. Penninks
Protein Allergenicity in Mice: A Potential Approach for Hazard Identification	163	(10)
Keith T. Atherton
Rebecca J. Dearman
Ian Kimber
The Dog as a Model for Food Allergy	173	(12)
Bob B. Buchanan
Oscar L. Frick
Prediction of Allergenicity of Gene-Modified Foods by Serum-Based Testing	185	(12)
Lars K. Poulsen
Where Do We Go from Here? A Discussion Summary	197	(4)
Steven M. Gendel
Index of Contributors	201	(2)
Subject Index	203