Genetics : Ethics, Law, and Policy

by Andrews, Lori B.; Mehlman, Maxwell J.; Rothstein, Mark A.

• ISBN13: 9780314259554
• ISBN10: 0314259554
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2003-04-01
• Publisher: West Group

Table of Contents

Preface	iii
Acknowledgements	v
Table of Cases	xxxiii
PART I. BACKGROUND
Introduction	2	(13)
Genes and the Past	3	(4)
Genes and the Future	7	(3)
Genes and the Present	10	(5)
Scientific Overview	15	(26)
History of Genetic Science	15	(2)
Structure of DNA	17	(4)
Cells and Chromosomes	21	(1)
Genes and Proteins	22	(1)
Genetic Differences Among Individuals	23	(1)
The Human Genome Project	24	(9)
Cell Division	33	(2)
Patterns of Inheritance	35	(3)
The Medical Significance of the Human Genome Project	38	(3)
Eugenics	41	(43)
Introduction	41	(1)
Eugenics Programs in the United States	42	(37)
The ELSI Program	79	(5)
PART II. RESEARCH
Genetics Research	84	(61)
Introduction	84	(2)
Regulation of Research	86	(21)
Research on Previously--Collected Tissue Samples	107	(6)
The Human Genome Diversity Project	113	(13)
The Environmental Genome Project	126	(5)
Research on Human Embryos	131	(14)
Commercialization of Genetic Research: Property, Patents, and Conflicts of Interest	145	(77)
Introduction	145	(3)
The Patenting of Genetic Materials	148	(18)
Licensing Agreements	166	(3)
Concerns About the Patenting of Genes	169	(12)
Policy Proposals to Change Gene Patent Law	181	(11)
International Aspects of Gene Patenting	192	(3)
Technology Transfer Laws and Commercialization	195	(6)
Patients: The Sources of Genes and Cell Lines	201	(21)
PART III. MEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF GENETICS
Genetic Testing and Reproduction	222	(77)
Genetic Testing Technology	222	(4)
Regulation of Genetic Testing Products and Services	226	(11)
Prenatal Screening	237	(31)
Reproductive Technology and Genetics	268	(13)
The Genetic Frontier: Human Cloning	281	(7)
Use of Genetics and Reproductive Technologies for Non-Medical Purposes	288	(11)
Genetic Testing and Screening for Newborns, Children, and Adolescents	299	(35)
Newborn Screening Programs	299	(19)
Genetic Testing of Children and Adolescents	318	(16)
Genetic Counseling, Access to Genetic Services, and Liability Issues	334	(35)
Duties of Health Care Professionals	334	(13)
Access to Genetic Services	347	(11)
Liability Issues	358	(11)
Gene Therapy, Pharmacogenetics, and Enhancement	369	(75)
Gene Therapy	369	(47)
Pharmacogenetics	416	(16)
Genetic Enhancement	432	(12)
PART IV. NON-MEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF GENETICS
Parentage and Family Law	444	(73)
Introduction	444	(2)
Reassessing Traditional Presumptions of Paternity in the DNA Era	446	(17)
Genetics and Switched Babies	463	(9)
Paternity and Assisted Reproduction	472	(20)
Genetics and Immigration	492	(2)
Genetics, Adoption, and Disability	494	(23)
Forensics: Genetic Testing for Identification	517	(45)
Introduction	517	(1)
Admissibility of DNA Evidence in Criminal Cases	518	(21)
DNA Banks	539	(17)
DNA Identification Outside the Criminal Setting	556	(6)
Behavioral Genetics	562	(30)
Introduction	562	(2)
History of Behavioral Genetics	564	(4)
Scientific Issues	568	(4)
Criminal Law	572	(17)
Tort Law	589	(3)
Privacy and Confidentiality	592	(39)
Introduction	592	(2)
Genetic Privacy and Confidentiality	594	(9)
Genetic Exceptionalism	603	(6)
Legal Protections for Medical and Genetic Privacy	609	(19)
Privacy and Discrimination	628	(3)
Insurance	631	(46)
Introduction	631	(2)
Health Insurance	633	(22)
Life and Disability Insurance	655	(18)
Long-Term Care Insurance	673	(4)
Employment	677	(58)
Introduction	677	(16)
Genetic Discrimination Under the Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA)	693	(26)
Genetic Non-Discrimination Laws	719	(16)
Other Uses of Genetic Information	735	(24)
Civil Litigation	735	(12)
Education	747	(9)
Other Uses	756	(3)
Index	759