Geography of the Third World

by Dickenson, John P.; Gould, Bill; Clarke, Colin; Mather, Sandra; Prothero, Mansell; Siddle, David J.; Smith, Clifford

• ISBN13: 9780415106733
• ISBN10: 0415106737
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1996-05-21
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

The Third World and its complexities arouse increasing curiosity and concern throughout the developed world. While the ambitions of colonialism have been increasingly spurned in favor of the goals of human rights, the Third World still finds itself facing an ever increasing income gap with the developed world. With an emphasis on gender and environmental issues, Geography of the Third World, Second Edition explores major issues such as population, farming systems, and rural development. Examining this ongoing development, the text also addresses energy issues, industrialization and the subsequent urbanization. The last segment of the book examines internal interaction including spatial structures and the movement of goods, national economic management, and finally external relationships created by the far-reaching influences of people, commodities, capital, and ideas derived from the Third World.

Table of Contents

Preface to the second edition	viii
Acknowledgements	xiii
Introduction	2	(30)
Defining the Third World	2	(9)
Explaining global patterns of inequality	11	(4)
Approaches to Third World development	15	(12)
Is `The Third World' still a valid generalization?	27	(3)
Summary	30	(2)
Historical Perspective	32	(24)
The Third World on the eve of European expansion	33	(1)
Early European expansion	34	(2)
European expansion in the nineteenth century	36	(10)
The impact of colonialism	46	(1)
Decolonization	47	(1)
The consequences of colonialism for the periphery	48	(1)
Post-colonial linkages	49	(4)
Summary	53	(3)
Population	56	(30)
Population growth and characteristics	56	(8)
Population size, distribution and density	64	(6)
Migration and population redistribution	70	(5)
Factors in population control	75	(4)
Viewpoints on population	79	(4)
Summary	83	(3)
Farming Systems and Agricultural Production	86	(38)
The volume and composition of agricultural production	90	(4)
Farming systems and the environment	94	(14)
Recent trends in food and other agricultural production	108	(5)
The expansion of agricultural land	113	(4)
Production per hectare	117	(4)
Summary	121	(3)
Agrarian Structures and Rural Development	124	(34)
Patterns of landholding	124	(2)
Peasant farming and rural society	126	(10)
Changing agriculture	136	(13)
The adoption of First World models	149	(2)
Transforming peasant agriculture and society from within	151	(4)
Conclusion	155	(1)
Summary	156	(2)
Mining, Energy and Manufacturing	158	(36)
Mining	159	(5)
Energy	164	(6)
Industrialization	170	(3)
Checks to industrialization	173	(1)
The origins of manufacturing in the Third World	174	(2)
The implementation of industrialization	176	(4)
Achievements and problems	180	(6)
The pattern of industrialization	186	(2)
The problem of employment	188	(2)
Summary	190	(4)
Urbanization	194	(40)
Patterns and processes of urbanization	194	(8)
The impact of migration	202	(2)
Employment and unemployment	204	(5)
Housing conditions	209	(4)
Squatter settlements: problem or solution?	213	(6)
Social structure and the urban mosaic	219	(2)
Mexico City: a case study of urban growth and marginality	221	(4)
Urban regions and planning	225	(4)
Conclusion	229	(2)
Summary	231	(3)
Internal Interaction	234	(22)
Interaction and spatial structure	234	(2)
The growth of national transport networks	236	(2)
Local transport	238	(4)
Movement of goods	242	(1)
Provision of economic and social infrastructure	242	(4)
Internal migration	246	(2)
Internal interaction and regional development	248	(5)
Internal interaction, regional inequalities and `urban bias'	253	(1)
Summary	254	(2)
National Economic Management: Development Planning and the Market	256	(20)
Development plans, programmes and models	257	(2)
The role of the market and the enabling role of the state	259	(4)
Structural adjustment and `liberalization'	263	(3)
Regional planning	266	(1)
Development strategies: some examples	266	(7)
A new dependence?	273	(1)
Summary	274	(2)
External Relationships	276	(32)
People	278	(10)
Commodities	288	(6)
Capital	294	(7)
Ideas	301	(3)
Conclusion	304	(1)
Summary	305	(3)
Conclusion	308	(4)
Glossary	312	(3)
Question and topics for discussion	315	(3)
Notes on the authors	318	(2)
List of boxes	320	(1)
List of plates	321	(2)
List of figures	323	(2)
List of tables	325	(1)
Suggestions for further reading	326	(5)
References	331	(3)
Index	334