Geology And Ecosystems

This book is the result of an international working group entitled 'Geology and Ecosystems' that was organized by the IUGS commission on Geological Sciences for Environmental Planning (COGEOENVIRONMENT). The aim of the working group is to increase awareness and build methodological principles of ecological geology as a new branch of science. This book includes the analysis of the relationship between the different geological, hydrochemical, hydrogeological, and engineering-geological processes and the processes within surface ecosystems. Modern engineering activity associated with the mining of minerals, excessive groundwater withdrawal, disposal of industrial and domestic liquid wastes (including radioactive wastes) and their impacts on all components of the environment are analyzed, as is the "water factor" impact on ecosystems. It is intended as a professional update for all scientists and professionals with an interest in the Earth's environments and environmental protection.

Contributing Authors

ix

Foreword

xviii

Acknowledgments

xvii

About the Editors

xix

Part I: Geological Environment as a Basement for the Formation of Ecosystems

Contemporary Conceptions of the Geological Environment: Basic Features, Structure and System of Links

1

(8)

G. Vartanyan

The Geological Environment and Ecosystems

9

(6)

G. Vartanyan

Influence of Modern Geological Processes on the Evolution of Ecosystems

15

(6)

G. Vartanyan

Geological and Geochemical Influences on Estuarine Ecosystems

21

(28)

W. Langston

J. Ridgway

The Role of Tectonic Processes in the Interaction Between Geology and Ecosystems

49

(12)

R. Schlemon

R.E. Riefner

Karst and Ecosystems

61

(16)

J. Taminskas

R. Paskauskas

A. Zvikas

J. Satkunas

Part II: Environmental Impacts of the Extractive Industries

Geoenvironmental Problems of Mineral Resources Development

77

(14)

A. Krivtsov

Groundwater as a Component of the Environment

91

(16)

I.S. Zektser

Groundwater Use and Public Health

107

(6)

L. Elpiner

A. Shapovalov

Methods of Groundwater Pollution Risk Estimation for Ecosystem Sustainability

113

(10)

A. Belousova

Part III: Anthropogenic Development, Geology and Ecosystems

Urbanisation and the Geoenvironment

123

(26)

B. Marker

Assessment of Effects of Discharged Waters Upon Ecosystems

149

(12)

Zh.V. Kuz'mina

S.Y. Treshkin

Impact of Technogenic Disasters on Ecogeological Processes

161

(10)

L. Rogachevskaya

Exogenic Geological Processes as a Landform Shaping Factor

171

(12)

M. Graniczny

Environmental Aspects of Groundwater Pollution

183

(14)

R. Dzhamalov

Part IV: Medical Problems Related to Geology and Ecosystem Interaction

Human Health and Ecosystems

197

(22)

O. Selinus

R. Finkelman

J. Centeno

Medical and Ecological Significance of the Water Factor

219

(10)

L. Elpiner

Part V: Prediction of the Geoenvironmental Evolution of Ecosystems

Prediction of Exogenic Geological Processes

229

(18)

A. Sheko

A. Krupoderov

Prediction of Endogenic Geological Processes

247

(4)

G. Vartanyan

Mathematical Models of the Interaction Between the Geological and Ecological Environment

251

(14)

Q. He

The Influence of Climate Change on Geology and Ecosystem Interaction

265

(16)

J. Satkunas

J. Taminskas

N. Oberman

Part VI: Newest Ecogeological Processes Within River Basins

Ecosystem Monitoring Under Desertification Within Interior Sea-Lakes and Deltas

281

(14)

N. M. Novikova

O. A. Aldyakova

Ecosystems Forming on the Fresh River Deposition

295

(8)

T. Balyuk

J.H. Van Den Berg

Part VII: Main Directions for Ecogeological Studies

Ecogeological Mapping

303

(6)

G. Vartanyan

Monitoring Geological Processes as Part of General Environmental Monitoring

309

(16)

M. Graniczny

Geology and High-Level Nuclear Waste Disposal -- A Brief Overview

325

(10)

A.G. Milnes

Monitoring Endogenic Geological Processes

335

(6)

G. Vartanyan

Permafrost Monitoring

341

N. Oberman

Ecological Education of Geology Students

335

(28)

V.T. Trofimov

V. Shvets

References

363

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