Girls' Education in the 21st Century

by Tembon, Mercy; Fort, Lucia

• ISBN13: 9780821374740
• ISBN10: 0821374745
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2008-08-12
• Publisher: World Bank

Summary

"The book's chapters reflect the current state of knowledge on education from a gender perspective and highlight the importance of, and challenges to, female education, as well as the interdependence of education and development objectives. The last chapter presents five strategic directions for advancing gender equality in education and their implications for World Bank operations."--BOOK JACKET.

Table of Contents

Foreword	p. xvii
Preface	p. xxi
Acknowledgments	p. xxiii
Contributors	p. xiii
Abbreviations	p. xxvii
Education Quality, Skills Development, and Economic Growth	p. 1
Overview	p. 3
Structure of the Book	p. 6
Note	p. 21
References	p. 21
Schooling, Gender Equity, and Economic Outcomes	p. 23
Schooling as an Investment in Human Capital	p. 24
Policy Objectives	p. 33
Conclusion	p. 35
Notes	p. 36
References	p. 37
Student Learning Outcomes in Mathematics from a Gender Perspective: What Does the International PISA Assessment Tell Us?	p. 41
Introduction	p. 41
Gender Differences in Mathematics Performance	p. 43
Policy Implications	p. 47
References	p. 52
Returns to Education: The Gender Perspective	p. 53
Calculating the Rate of Return to Education	p. 54
The Social Benefits of Schooling	p. 58
Gender Differences	p. 58
Conclusions	p. 64
Note	p. 64
References	p. 64
Is Female Education a Pathway to Gender Equality in the Labor Market? Some Evidence from Pakistan	p. 67
Examining the Education-Occupation Relationship in Pakistan	p. 69
Education, Labor Market Transitions, and Occupational Attainment	p. 73
Education and Earnings	p. 82
Conclusion	p. 87
Notes	p. 89
References	p. 91
Equity in Education: What Is Holding Countries Back?	p. 93
Inequalities in Education: Effects of Gender, Poverty, Orphanhood, and Disability	p. 95
Data and Methodology	p. 96
Poverty	p. 97
The Pattern of Educational Attainment: Survivor Profiles	p. 99
Urban or Rural Residence and Gender	p. 102
Orphanhood	p. 105
Disability	p. 108
Conclusion	p. 112
Notes	p. 112
References	p. 113
The Double Disadvantage of Gender and Social Exclusion in Education	p. 115
Socially Excluded Groups	p. 116
Social Exclusion and Education	p. 117
Creative Ways of Reaching and Teaching Excluded Girls	p. 119
Practical Actions to Promote Education for Excluded Girls	p. 123
Notes	p. 124
References	p. 124
Promoting Education Quality through Gender-Friendly Schools	p. 127
Introduction	p. 127
Bringing Girls and Women into Schools and Learning Spaces through WID	p. 129
School and Society as Gendered Power Structures	p. 130
The Poststructuralist Challenge to Gender, Sexuality, Education, and Development	p. 134
Transformative Action through Rights to Education and Gender Equality	p. 135
Concluding Remarks	p. 139
References	p. 140
Combating Gender-Based Violence in Benin	p. 143
Benin and Millennium Development Goal 3	p. 145
GBV in Benin-A Culturally Accepted Practice with Major Health and Human Rights Implications	p. 146
Policy Frameworks to Address GBV in Schools	p. 149
Why GBV in Schools Persists and Ways to Overcome It to Promote Girls' Education	p. 150
Note	p. 151
References	p. 151
Addressing Gender Disparities in Education in Contexts of Crisis, Postcrisis, and State Fragility	p. 153
Challenges and Opportunities: Gender Issues in Education in Emergencies and Fragile States	p. 155
Promising Policy Developments at the Global Level	p. 161
Implications: Learning for Peace and Equality	p. 168
Conclusions	p. 172
Classroom Assistants in Guinea and Sierra Leone	p. 172
The Gender Equity Support Project of the Sudan Basic Education Program	p. 174
An Integrated Approach to Addressing Sanitary Protection Needs: IRC Ethiopia's Intervention	p. 175
Notes	p. 176
References	p. 177
Experiences from the Field: How Was It Done?	p. 181
Building a Better Future for Afghanistan through Female Education	p. 183
The Situation of Afghan Women Past and Present	p. 184
The Context in Which Afghan Women Live	p. 187
Improving the Circumstances of Afghan Women	p. 188
A Strategy to Empower and Educate Afghan Women	p. 190
Conclusion	p. 197
References	p. 198
The Effects of a Reduction in User Fees on School Enrollment: Evidence from Colombia	p. 201
The Effect of User Fees on Enrollment	p. 202
Some Ideas on Targeting	p. 205
Note	p. 206
References	p. 207
Holy Alliances: Public Subsidies, Islamic High Schools, and Female Schooling in Bangladesh	p. 209
Madrassa Reform in South Asia	p. 210
The Madrassa Reform Scheme in Bangladesh	p. 213
Conclusion and Policy Implications	p. 225
Variable Description, Summary Statistics, and Regression Results	p. 229
Notes	p. 235
References	p. 237
Cultivating Knowledge and Skills to Grow African Agriculture	p. 239
The Context for Agricultural Education and Training in Africa	p. 239
Agricultural Education Is Vital for African Development	p. 241
African AET in Perspective	p. 241
Constraints on Building AET Capacity	p. 242
Priorities for Modernizing Agricultural Education	p. 245
Different Approaches for Different Levels of Training	p. 246
The Time to Act Is Now	p. 247
Notes	p. 251
References	p. 251
Quality and Gender Equality in Education: What Have We Learned from FAWE's 15 Years of Experience?	p. 253
Introduction	p. 253
Background and Evolution of FAWE	p. 254
Overview of Girls' Education in Sub-Saharan Africa	p. 256
FAWE's Major Achievements	p. 257
Components of FAWE's Gender-Responsive School or Center of Excellence (COE) Model	p. 259
Challenges Related to the Achievement of FAWE's Strategic Objectives 2002-06	p. 260
Lessons Learned	p. 263
Conclusion and Way Forward	p. 265
Notes	p. 267
References	p. 267
Strategies for Gender Equality in Basic and Secondary Education: A Comprehensive and Integrated Approach in the Republic of Yemen	p. 269
Where Are We Now?	p. 270
Current Interventions	p. 271
Obstacles to Universal Education	p. 274
A Concluding Word	p. 276
References	p. 277
Conclusion and Recommendations for the Way Forward	p. 279
Strategic Directions for the Future	p. 280
Implications for the World Bank	p. 298
References	p. 302
Index	p. 305
Figures
Improved GDP with Moderately Strong Knowledge Improvement	p. 33
Inequality of Educational Quality and Earnings	p. 34
Growth in Baseline Qualifications	p. 43
Gender Differences in University Attainment, in Percentage Points	p. 44
Performance of Males and Females on the Mathematics Scale in PISA, 2006	p. 45
Performance of Males and Females on the Reading Scale in PISA, 2006	p. 46
Gender Differences in Mathematics and Other Learning Characteristics as Measured by Effect Sizes	p. 48
Typical Age-Earnings Profiles	p. 54
Rate of Return to Additional Years of Schooling in Selected Countries	p. 55
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