Glencoe Basic Pharmacology

by Hitner, Henry

• ISBN13: 9780028046549
• ISBN10: 0028046544
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1998-10-26
• Publisher: Career Education

Summary

This text provides a basic understanding of pharmacology with an emphasis on drug therapy and drug interaction. In each section, a review of pertinent physiology and related diseases precedes the presentation of the pharmacology of the drugs. New to this edition: a chapter on drugs and the geriatric patient; information on nutrition and vitamins with explanations of drugs and food interactions; more thorough math review; new material on patient education and Internet activities.

Table of Contents

PART I General Concepts	1	(56)
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY	3	(15)
Drug Sources	4	(1)
Terminology Related to Drug Effects	5	(1)
Basic Concepts in Pharmacology	6	(3)
Drug Safety	9	(1)
Drug Momenclature	10	(3)
Chapter Review	13	(5)
CHAPTER 2 BIOLOGICAL FACTORS AFFECTING THE ACTION OF DRUGS	18	(18)
Drug Forms	19	(2)
Routes of Administration	21	(1)
Drug Absorption	22	(2)
Drug Distribution	24	(1)
Drug Metabolism	25	(1)
Drug Excretion	25	(1)
Half-Life	26	(1)
Blood Drug Levels	26	(1)
Bioavailability	26	(1)
Factors of Individual Variation	27	(1)
Pediatric Drug Considerations	28	(2)
Drug Interactions	30	(1)
Terminology Associated With Chronic Drug Use and Abuse	31	(1)
Chapter Review	32	(4)
CHAPTER 3 GERIATRIC PHARMACOLOGY	36	(10)
Drug Use in the Elderly	37	(2)
Effects of Age on Drug Response	39	(1)
Drug Compliance in the Elderly	40	(2)
Chapter Review	42	(4)
CHAPTER 4 MATH REVIEW AND DOSAGE CALCULATIONS	46	(11)
Fractions, Decimals, and Percents	47	(2)
Dosage Calculations	49	(1)
Systems of Measurement	50	(3)
Monitoring IV Infusion Rates	53	(1)
Chapter Review	54	(3)
PART II Pharmacology of the Peripheral Nervous System	57	(70)
CHAPTER 5 AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM	59	(9)
Nervous System Organization	60	(1)
Physiology and Pharamacology	60	(1)
Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Divisions	61	(4)
Chapter Review	65	(3)
CHAPTER 6 DRUGS AFFECTING THE SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM	68	(16)
Adrenergic Nerve Endings	69	(1)
Norepinephrine Versus Epinephrine	69	(1)
Adrenergic Receptors	69	(2)
Alpha-Adrenergic Drugs	71	(1)
Beta-Adrenergic Drugs	72	(2)
Dopamine	74	(1)
Alpha-Adrenergic Blocking Drugs	74	(1)
Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Drugs	75	(2)
Adrenergic Neuronal Blocking Drugs	77	(3)
Chapter Review	80	(4)
CHAPTER 7 DRUGS AFFECTING THE PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM	84	(13)
Parasympathetic System	85	(1)
Chrolinergic Drugs	86	(5)
Anticholinergic Drugs	91	(3)
Chapter Review	94	(3)
CHAPTER 8 DRUGS AFFECTING THE AUTONOMIC GANGLIA	97	(6)
Ganglionic Drugs	98	(2)
Chapter Review	100	(3)
CHAPTER 9 SKELETAL MUSCLE RELAXANTS	103	(13)
Clinical Indications	104	(1)
Peripherally Acting Skeletal Muscle Relaxants	104	(5)
Direct-Acting Skeletal Muscle Relaxants	109	(1)
Centrally Acting Skeletal Muscle Relaxants	109	(3)
Chapter Review	112	(4)
CHAPTER 10 LOCAL ANESTHETICS	116	(11)
Mechanism of Action	117	(1)
Pharmacology	117	(2)
Routes of Administration	119	(1)
Adverse Effects	119	(1)
Clinical Applications	119	(5)
Chapter Review	124	(3)
PART III Pharmacology of the Central Nervous System	127	(132)
CHAPTER 11 INTRODUCTION TO THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM	129	(7)
Parts of the Brain	130	(3)
Functional Components	133	(1)
Chapter Review	134	(2)
CHAPTER 12 SEDATIVE-HYPNOTIC DRUGS AND ALCOHOL	136	(15)
Sleep Cycle	137	(1)
Barbiturate Sedatives and Hypnotics	138	(4)
Miscellaneous Nonbarbiturates	142	(1)
Benzodiazepines	142	(1)
Alcohol	143	(4)
Chapter Review	147	(4)
CHAPTER 13 ANTIPSYCHOTIC AND ANTIANXIETY DRUGS	151	(13)
Types of Mental Illness	152	(1)
Antipsychotic Drugs	152	(4)
Antianxiety Drugs	156	(4)
Chapter Review	160	(4)
CHAPTER 14 ANTIDEPRESSANTS, PSYCHOMOTOR STIMULANTS AND LITHIUM	164	(12)
Types of Depression	165	(1)
Drugs Used to Treat Depression	165	(7)
Chapter Review	172	(4)
CHAPTER 15 PSYCHOTOMIMETIC DRUGS OF ABUSE	176	(14)
LSD-Type Hallucinogens	177	(2)
Psychomotor Stimulants	179	(4)
Miscellaneous Psychotomimetic Drugs	183	(3)
Chapter Review	186	(4)
CHAPTER 16 ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS	190	(9)
Types of Epilepsy	191	(1)
Drugs Used to Control Epilepsy	192	(2)
Drugs Used in the Treatment of Absence Seizures	194	(1)
Treatment of Status Epilepticus	195	(1)
Use of Antiepileptic Drugs During Pregnancy	195	(1)
Antiepileptic Drug Interactions	195	(1)
Chapter Review	196	(3)
CHAPTER 17 ANTIPARKINSON DRUGS	199	(9)
Neurotransmitters Affecting the Basal Ganglia	200	(1)
Drug Therapy	200	(5)
Chapter Review	205	(3)
CHAPTER 18 GENERAL ANESTHETICS	208	(11)
General Anesthesia	209	(2)
Use of General Anesthetics	211	(6)
Chapter Review	217	(2)
CHAPTER 19 NARCOTIC (OPIOLD) ANALGESICS	219	(18)
Sources	220	(2)
Site and Mechanism of Action	222	(2)
Pharamacological Effects	224	(4)
Absorption and Metabolism	228	(1)
Adverse Effects	228	(1)
Acute Narcotic Poisoning	229	(1)
Narcotic Antagonists	229	(2)
Special Considerations	231	(1)
Drug Interactions	231	(3)
Chapter Review	234	(3)
CHAPTER 20 NONNARCOTIC ANALGESICS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIGOUT DRUGS	237	(22)
Salicylates	240	(3)
Acetaminophen	243	(1)
Anti-Inflammatory Drugs	244	(4)
Drugs Useful in Treating Gout	248	(4)
Drug Interactions	252	(2)
Chapter Review	254	(5)
PART IV Pharmacology of the Heart	259	(36)
CHAPTER 21 CARDIAC PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY	361	(7)
Cardiac Function	262	(1)
Main Diseases of the Heart	263	(2)
Chapter Review	265	(3)
CHAPTER 22 CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES AND THE TREATMENT OF CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE	268	(7)
Cardiac Glycosides	269	(3)
Diuretic Therapy of CHF	272	(1)
Chapter Review	273	(2)
CHAPTER 23 ANTIARRHYTHMIC DRUGS	275	(13)
Types of Arrhythmias	276	(2)
Class 1 Antiarrhythmic Drugs	278	(4)
Class 2 Antiarrhythmic Drugs	282	(1)
Class 3 Antiarrhythmic Drugs	282	(1)
Class 4 Antiarrhythmic Drugs	283	(1)
Other Antiarrhythmic Drugs	284	(1)
Special Considerations	284
Chapter Review	293
CHAPTER 24 ANTIANGINAL DRUGS	288	(7)
Nitries and Nitrates	289	(2)
Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Drugs	291	(1)
Calcium Antagonists	291	(1)
Clinical Indications for Antianginal Drugs	292	(1)
Chapter Review	293	(2)
PART V Pharmacology of the Vascular and Renal Systems	295	(92)
CHAPTER 25 DIURETICS	297	(18)
Renal Physiology	298	(3)
Conditions Associated With Renal Dysfunction	301	(1)
Osmotic Diuretics	302	(2)
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors	304	(1)
Thiazide and Thiazide-Like Diuretics	305	(1)
Organic Acid Diuretics	306	(2)
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics	308	(1)
Miscellaneous Diuretics	308	(1)
Special Considerations	308	(1)
Drug Interactions and Incompatibilities	309	(1)
Overdose	309	(3)
Chapter Review	312	(3)
CHAPTER 26 ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS	315	(11)
Physiological Factors Controlling Blood Pressure	316	(1)
Antihypertensive Therapy	317	(6)
Chapter Review	323	(3)
CHAPTER 27 ANTICOAGULANTS AND COAGULANTS	326	(16)
Coagulation	327	(1)
Anticoagulants	328	(7)
Monitoring Coagulation	335	(1)
Thrombolytic Enzymes	336	(1)
Congulants/Hemostatics	337	(2)
Chapter Review	339	(3)
CHAPTER 28 NUTRITION AND THERAPY	342	(18)
Nutrients	343	(3)
Vitamins	346	(1)
Fat-Soluble Vitamins	347	(3)
Water-Soluble Vitamins	350	(2)
Body Water	352	(1)
Minerals	353	(3)
Chapter Review	356	(4)
CHAPTER 29 HYPOLIPIDEMIC DRUGS	360	(12)
Liver Metabolism and Lipoproteins	361	(2)
Monitoring Blood Lipid Levels	363	(1)
Bile Acid Sequestrants	363	(1)
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors	364	(2)
Miscellaneous Hypolipidemics	366	(1)
Clinical Indications	367	(1)
Contraindications	368	(1)
Drug Interactions	368	(2)
Chapter Review	370	(2)
CHAPTER 30 ANTIANEMICS	372	(15)
Causes of Anemia	373	(1)
Iron Deficiency Anemia	374	(2)
Cyanocobalamin Deficiency	376	(2)
Folic Acid Deficiency	378	(3)
Erythropoetin	381	(2)
Chapter Review	383	(4)
PART VI Drugs That Affect the Respiratory System	387	(26)
CHAPTER 31 ANTIALLERGIC AND ANTIHISTAMINIC DRUGS	389	(14)
Action of Histamine	390	(1)
Antiallergic Agents	391	(2)
Antihistaminic Agents	393	(7)
Chapter Review	400	(3)
CHAPTER 32 BRONCHODILATOR DRUGS AND THE TREATMENT OF ASTHMA	403	(10)
Respiratory Diseases	404	(1)
Role of the Autonomic Nervous System	405	(1)
Bronchodilator Drugs	406	(3)
Antiallergic Agents	409	(1)
Mucolytics	409	(1)
Expectorants	410	(1)
Chapter Review	410	(3)
PART VII Pharmacology of the GI Tract	413	(44)
CHAPTER 33 THERAPY OF GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS: GERD, ULCERS, AND VOMITING	415	(30)
Digestion and Ulcer Production	416	(2)
Management of Ulcers	418	(1)
Management of Gastroesophogeal Reflux Disease (GERD)	419	(1)
Antisecretory Drugs	419	(11)
Antacids	430	(2)
Sucralfate	432	(2)
Management of Emesis	434	(7)
Chapter Review	441	(4)
CHAPTER 34 AGENTS THAT AFFECT INTESTINAL MOTILITY	445	(12)
Bowel Function	446	(1)
Antidiarrheals	446	(3)
Laxatives and Cathartics	449	(4)
Chapter Review	453	(4)
PART VIII Pharmacology of the Endocrine System	457	(92)
CHAPTER 35 INTRODUCTION TO THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM	459	(7)
Endocrine System	460	(1)
Uses of Hormones	460	(4)
Chapter Review	464	(2)
CHAPTER 36 ADRENAL STEROIDS	466	(14)
Glucocorticoids	467	(5)
Mineralocorticoids	472	(2)
Special Considerations	474	(1)
Drug Interactions	475	(2)
Chapter Review	477	(3)
CHAPTER 37 GONADAL HORMONES AND THE ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES	480	(24)
Female Sex Hormones	481	(13)
Male Sex Hormones (Androgens)	494	(3)
Impotence	497	(3)
Chapter Review	500	(4)
CHAPTER 38 DRUGS AFFECTING THE THYROID AND PARATHYROID GLANDS AND BONE DEGENERATION	504	(16)
Thyroid Function, Pharmacology, and Disorders	505	(6)
Parathyroid Hormones	511	(5)
Chapter Review	516	(4)
CHAPTER 39 PANCREATIC HORMONES AND ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS	520	(20)
Pancreatic Endocrine Function	521	(1)
Diabetes Mellitus	521	(2)
Treatment of Diabetes	523	(13)
Chapter Review	536	(4)
CHAPTER 40 POSTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONES AND DRUGS AFFECTING UTERINE MUSCLE	540	(9)
Diabetes Insipidus	541	(1)
Drugs Affecting Uterine Muscle	542	(1)
Tocolytics	543	(2)
Chapter Review	545	(4)
PART IX Pharmacology of Infections Diseases	549	(76)
CHAPTER 41 ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS	551	(18)
Morphology of Bacteria	552	(1)
Chemotherapy	553	(1)
Penicillins	554	(3)
Cephalosporins	557	(1)
Aminoglycosides	558	(1)
Tetracyclines	559	(2)
Sulfonamides	561	(1)
Macrolide Antibiotics	562	(1)
Fluroquinolone Antimicrobials	563	(1)
Miscellaneous Antimicrobial Drugs	563	(1)
Drugs Used to Treat Tuberculosis	564	(1)
Chemoprophylaxis	565	(1)
Chapter Review	565	(4)
CHAPTER 42 ANTIFUNGAL AND ANTIVIRAL (AIDS) DRUGS	569	(31)
Antinfungal Drugs	570	(8)
Viral Diseases and Antiviral Drugs	578	(3)
Antiviral Drugs	581	(8)
Drug Interactions	589	(6)
Chapter Review	595	(5)
CHAPTER 43 ANTIPROTOZOAL AND ANTHELMINTIC DRUGS	600	(16)
Protozoal Infections	601	(1)
Malaria	601	(4)
Dysentery	605	(2)
Other Protozoal Infections	607	(1)
Anthelmintic Drugs	608	(4)
Chapter Review	612	(4)
CHAPTER 44 ANTISEPTICS AND DISINFECTANTS	616	(9)
Mechanism of Action	617	(6)
Chapter Review	623	(2)
PART X Antineoplastics and Drugs Affecting the Immune System	625
CHAPTER 45 ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS	627	(11)
Types of Cancer	628	(1)
Alkylating Drugs	629	(1)
Antimetabolites	630	(1)
Miscellaneous Antineoplastic Drugs	631	(3)
Chapter Review	634	(4)
CHAPTER 46 IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY	638
Immune System	639	(1)
Immunosuppressive Drugs	640	(3)
Immunostimulant Drugs	643	(1)
Chapter Review	644