A Global History of Modern Historiography

by Iggers, Georg G; Wang, Q. Edward; Mukherjee, Supriya

• ISBN13: 9780582096066
• ISBN10: 0582096065
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2008-06-03
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

Has global historical writing and scholarship undergone a process of westernisation over the last two and a half centuries?

Author Biography

Supriya Mukherjee teaches at the University of Memphis.

Table of Contents

Preface and acknowledgements	p. x
Introduction	p. 1
Historiographical traditions in the world: a view of the eighteenth century	p. 19
Where we begin?	p. 19
Transcultural comparisons	p. 19
Characteristics of historiographical thought in different cultures	p. 20
The West	p. 21
Characteristics of Western historiography	p. 21
The emergence of an Enlightenment worldview	p. 22
Erudition and critical historical scholarship	p. 24
Enlightenment historiography	p. 26
German forms of Enlightenment	p. 27
The emergence of a republic of letters	p. 29
From universal history to Eurocentric ideas of progress	p. 29
Concluding observations	p. 32
The Middle East	p. 32
The rise of Islam and the origin of Muslim historiography	p. 33
Main styles in Muslim historiography	p. 35
The bureaucratization and secularization of historiography	p. 36
The decline of the Muslim world and Muslim historiography?	p. 37
India	p. 38
Western views on Indian historical consciousness	p. 38
Indian forms of historical writing	p. 40
Social and intellectual transformations during the early modern period	p. 43
East and South East Asia	p. 46
Shamanism and history: the origin of the 'shi'	p. 46
The formation of Confucian historiography	p. 47
The History Bureau and dynastic history	p. 49
The spread and influence of dynastic historiography	p. 50
'To seek the truth from facts': the rise of evidential learning	p. 52
The advance of nationalism and nationalist history: the West, the Middle East and India in the nineteenth century	p. 69
Historiography in a revolutionary age between 1789 and 1848	p. 69
The political context	p. 69
Romanticism and historiography	p. 70
The impact of emergent nationalism on historiography	p. 71
The relationship between professional scholarship and nationalism	p. 73
The liberal reinterpretation of the Middle Ages	p. 75
The colonial perspective and historiography	p. 76
The decline of liberalism in historiography	p. 77
Ideas of progress and of crisis	p. 79
Hegel's philosophy of history	p. 80
Nationalism and the transformation of Muslim historiography	p. 82
The Muslim 'discovery' of Europe	p. 82
Whose pharaohs? - (re)writing the history of Egypt	p. 87
National identity and historical writing	p. 91
Bridging the old and the new: the 'encyclopedists' and the 'neo-chroniclers'	p. 95
Nationalism and the transformation of Indian historiography	p. 97
Historiography during early colonialism	p. 97
The new pedagogy and the emergence of a modern historical consciousness	p. 100
Religious revivalism and the search for a glorious past	p. 101
The birth of the rationalist paradigm	p. 104
The birth of the nationalist paradigm	p. 105
Nationalism, communalism and historical writing	p. 107
Secular narratives and the emergence of economic nationalism	p. 108
Academic history and the nineteenth-century shaping of the historical profession: transforming historical study in the West and in East Asia	p. 117
The cult of science and the nation-state paradigm (1848-90)	p. 117
The political context of historiography	p. 117
The social context of historiography	p. 119
The turn to 'scientific' history	p. 119
The crisis of Confucian historiography and the establishment of the modern historical profession in East Asia	p. 133
Accommodating the Western influence	p. 134
Civilization and history: a new worldview	p. 137
The interplay of the old and the new	p. 139
George Zerffi, Ludwig Riess and the Rankean influence in Japan	p. 141
Japan's 'Orient' and the changing of the Sinitic world	p. 145
Historical writings in the shadow of two world wars: the crisis of historicism and modern historiography	p. 157
The reorientation of historical studies and historical thought (1890-1914)	p. 157
The changing political and cultural climate	p. 157
The challenge to traditional historiography	p. 158
The existential crisis of modern civilization	p. 171
Historiography between two world wars (1918-39)	p. 172
The historians in World War I	p. 172
The critique of rationality and modernity and the defenders of the enlightenment	p. 175
The appeal of nationalist history around the world: historical studies in the Middle East and Asia in the twentieth century	p. 194
Ottomanism, Turkism and Egyptianization: nationalist history in the Middle East	p. 194
The rise of modern education	p. 194
Writing Turkish history in/for modern Turkey	p. 197
The Egyptianization of historical writing	p. 201
Academic history and national politics	p. 207
Nationalism, scientism, and Marxism: modern historiography in East and South East Asia	p. 208
'New historiography' in China	p. 209
The tension between national history and scientific history	p. 213
Modifying the Rankean model: national history in Japan	p. 217
Myth and history: in search of the origin of the Korean nation	p. 221
War and revolution: the appeal of Marxist historiography	p. 224
Nationalist historiography in modern India	p. 227
Late nineteenth-century antecedents: romantic nationalism	p. 227
The role of religion in nationalist historiography	p. 230
The nation as history and history as science	p. 232
The romance of the local and the emergence of alternative narratives	p. 234
The nation re-imagined: the Nehruvian synthesis	p. 237
Post-independence historiography: old and new trajectories	p. 238
Towards a social science history	p. 241
New challenges in the post-war period: from social history to postmodernism and postcolonialism	p. 250
The Cold War and the emergence of the new world order	p. 250
Varieties of social history (1945-68/70) in the West	p. 251
The United States: from consensus to the New Left	p. 252
France: the Annales	p. 256
Germany: from Historismus to a critical historical social science	p. 262
Marxist historiography between orthodoxy and new directions	p. 266
The 1970s and 1980s: the cultural turn and postmodernism	p. 270
From social science history to the cultural turn	p. 270
Micro-history, the history of everyday life, and historical anthropology	p. 275
Oral history and the history of memory	p. 277
The 'history workshop' movement	p. 278
Feminist and gender history	p. 279
Postcolonialism	p. 281
The Subaltern Studies	p. 284
Latin America: from Dependencia theory to Subaltern Studies	p. 290
The emergence of modern historiography in-Sub-Saharan Africa	p. 295
Postmodernism and the linguistic turn	p. 301
The rise of Islamism and the ebb of Marxism: historical writings in late twentieth-century Asia and the Middle East	p. 317
The ebb and flow of Marxist historiography in East and South East Asia	p. 317
Reinventing Japan: post-war reform of historical education and writing	p. 317
The dominance of Marxist historiography in the People's Republic of China	p. 320
Challenges to Marxist historiography and Eurocentrism	p. 325
Between Marxism and nationalism: academic history in Vietnam	p. 327
The resurgence of national history	p. 329
The Annales School, postmodernism and new changes in Japanese historiography	p. 331
China's search for alternatives to Marxist historiography	p. 334
Islamism and Islamic historiography: the Cold War and beyond	p. 337
Globalizing Islamic historiography	p. 337
The interplay of history and historiography	p. 339
Edward Said and the critique of Orientalism	p. 342
The appeal of Marxism and socialism	p. 344
The Islamic revival: Islamism and nationalism	p. 348
History and politics: the challenges to nationalist historiography	p. 351
Historiography after the Cold War, 1990-2007: a critical retrospect	p. 364
The globalization of the world	p. 364
The reorientation of historical studies	p. 367
The cultural and the linguistic turn	p. 368
Feminist and gender history	p. 371
Redefining the alliance between history and the social sciences	p. 375
New challenges to nationalist history	p. 380
World history, global History and history of globalization	p. 387
Glossary	p. 402
Further reading	p. 410
Index	p. 425
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