Global Shift

by Dicken, Peter

• ISBN13: 9781853963674
• ISBN10: 1853963674
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1998-02-01
• Publisher: Sage Pubns Ltd

Summary

Preoccupation with the `global' is an emblematic feature of our time. While much of the literature is stronger on hype than on reality, the totally revised and updated Third Edition of Global Shift takes a more balanced view of globalization. It identifies both the massive changes that continue to transform the world economy and affect local communities across the globe, and the complex processes involved. It focuses on the interrelated actions of transnational corporations and states within a volatile technological environment. Richly illustrated with more than 200 specially designed figures and tables, this bestselling cross-disciplinary book provides a unique approach to one of the key issues of the new millennium.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgements	xi
Preface to the Third Edition	xiii
A new geo-economy	1	(23)
Something is happening out there	1	(2)
A `new' geo-economy? The globalization debate	3	(3)
A new geo-economy: unravelling the complexity	6	(4)
Even in a globalizing world, all economic activities are geographically localized	10	(2)
Scales of activity; scales of analysis	12	(1)
Aims and organization of the book	13	(6)
PART I: PATTERNS OF GLOBAL SHIFT
Introduction A brief historical perspective	19	(1)
Evolution of a global economy	19	(1)
The emergence of transnational corporations	20	(1)
Post-1945: the shaping of a new global economic system	21	(3)
The global economic map: trends in production, trade and investment	24	(55)
The roller-coaster: aggregate trends in global economic activity	24	(2)
Global shifts in production of goods and services	26	(5)
The changing fabric of trade	31	(11)
The changing global map of foreign direct investment	42	(18)
Changing the lens: the macro-, micro- and mesoscale geography of the world economy	60	(7)
Conclusion: a multipolar, kaleidoscopic global economy	67	(6)
PART II: PROCESSES OF GLOBAL SHIFT
Introduction Traditional explanations and the need for a new approach	73	(1)
International trade theory	73	(2)
Classical location theory	75	(2)
Early attempts to explain international direct investment	77	(1)
The need for a new approach to explaining global shift	77	(2)
`The state is dead ... long live the state'	79	(36)
`Contested territory': the state in a globalizing economy	79	(1)
States as containers, states as regulators, states as competitors	80	(10)
Trade, foreign investment and industry policies	90	(11)
International economic integration: regional economic blocs	101	(11)
Conclusion	112	(3)
National variations in policy stance	115	(30)
The older industrialized economies of Europe and the United States	115	(6)
Japan	121	(5)
Newly industrializing economies in east and southeast Asia and Latin America	126	(17)
Conclusion	143	(2)
Technology: the `great growling engine of change'	145	(32)
Technology and economic transformation	145	(1)
The process of technological change: an evolutionary perspective	146	(5)
The `space-shrinking' technologies	151	(10)
Technological changes in products and processes	161	(11)
The geography of innovation: innovative milieux and technology districts	172	(2)
Conclusion	174	(3)
Transnational corporations: the primary `movers and shapers' of the global economy	177	(24)
Introduction	177	(1)
Why not internationalize? Some general explanations	178	(15)
Transnational corporations are not `placeless': the myth of the `global corporation'	193	(6)
Conclusion	199	(2)
`Webs of enterprise': transnational corporations within networks of relationships	201	(42)
Introduction	201	(1)
Networks of internalized relationships: inside the transnational corporation	201	(22)
Networks of externalized relationships	223	(14)
Connecting the organizational and the geographical dimensions of business networks	237	(3)
Conclusion	240	(3)
Dynamics of conflict and collaboration: `both transnational corporations and states matter'	243	(40)
TNCs and states/states and TNCs: the ties that bind	243	(2)
TNCs and states: evaluating the costs and the benefits	245	(1)
Transnational corporations and host economies	245	(19)
Transnational corporations and home economies	264	(6)
The bargaining relationship between TNCs and states	270	(5)
Conclusion	275	(8)
PART III: GLOBAL SHIFT: THE PICTURE IN DIFFERENT SECTORS
Introduction The choice of case-study sectors	281	(2)
`Fabric-ating fashion': the textiles and clothing industries	283	(33)
Introduction	283	(1)
The textiles--clothing production chain	284	(2)
Global shifts in the textiles and clothing industries	286	(7)
The changing pattern of demand	293	(2)
Production costs and technology	295	(3)
Government policies towards the textiles and clothing industries	298	(4)
Corporate strategies in the textiles and clothing industries	302	(9)
Jobs in the textiles and clothing industries	311	(5)
`Wheels of change': the automobile industry	316	(37)
Introduction	316	(1)
The automobile production chain	317	(1)
Global shifts in the automobile industry	318	(6)
The changing pattern of demand for automobiles	324	(1)
Production costs, technological change and the changing organization of production	325	(4)
The key role of the state	329	(6)
Corporate strategies in the automobile industry	335	(15)
Jobs in the automobile industry	350	(3)
`Chips and screens': the electronics industries	353	(34)
Introduction	353	(1)
The electronics production chain	354	(1)
Global shifts in the electronics industries	355	(3)
The changing pattern of demand	358	(3)
Production costs and technological change	361	(3)
The role of governments in the electronics industries	364	(4)
Corporate strategies in the electronics industries	368	(14)
Summary of global trends in the electronics industries	382	(1)
Jobs in the electronics industries	383	(4)
`Making the world go round': the internationalization of services	387	(42)
Introduction: the growing importance of services in the global economy	387	(1)
The nature of services: disentangling the confusion	388	(2)
Services within the production chain and in the sphere of circulation	390	(1)
The internationalization of services	391	(2)
The emergence of transnational service conglomerates	393	(3)
International outsourcing in the information service industries	396	(3)
The internationalization of financial services	399	(19)
Jobs in the financial services industries	418	(7)
PART IV: STRESSES AND STRAINS OF ADJUSTMENT TO GLOBAL SHIFT
Introduction A summary perspective	425	(1)
Putting the pieces together	425	(3)
Problems of adjustment	428	(1)
Making a living in the global economy	429	(32)
Introduction: where will the jobs come from?	429	(2)
Employment problems of the older industrialized economies	431	(14)
Problems of developing countries in a globalizing economy	445	(7)
Sustaining growth and ensuring equity in the newly industrializing economies	452	(5)
Ensuring survival and reducing poverty in the least industrialized countries	457	(4)
Issues of global governance	461	(8)
Confusion and contestation	461	(6)
`Through a glass, darkly'	467	(2)
Bibliography	469	(19)
Index	488