Global Sociology : Introducing Five Contemporary Societies

by SCHNEIDER L

• ISBN13: 9780072487329
• ISBN10: 0072487321
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-07-25
• Publisher: MCG

Summary

Global Sociology is a softcover supplement to any standard sociology text, providing broad and comprehensive sociological description of five diverse contemporary societies with wide geographic distribution. The text is structured so as to parallel the major sections of a standard introductory sociology text. By comparing other societies with their own, students learn about the range of social variation, and they learn what makes their own society distinctive.

Table of Contents

Photo Credits	ix
List of Tables	xvii
Introduction: To the Student	xix
Preface: To the Instructor	xxiii
Acknowledgments	xxvii
Japan: A Conforming Culture	2	(66)
Introduction	3	(1)
Japan's History	3	(4)
The Great Opening to China	4	(1)
The Tokugawa Era: Contact with the West Refused	4	(1)
The Meiji Restoration: The First Opening to the West	4	(1)
The Occupation Reforms: The Second Opening to the West	5	(1)
The Current Crisis: The Third Opening?	6	(1)
Japanese Culture	7	(9)
Cultural Integration	8	(2)
The Value of Harmony	10	(1)
The Value of Fitting In	11	(2)
The Value of Perseverance	13	(1)
The Value of Duty	13	(1)
Japanese Norms	14	(1)
Religion and Japanese Culture	15	(1)
Social Structure and Group Life	16	(6)
Group Life in Modern Japan	17	(5)
Socialization	22	(4)
The Process of Socialization: Explicit Instruction	22	(1)
Role Models Aid Socialization	23	(1)
Ceremomies Support Socialization	23	(1)
Defining the Situation	23	(2)
Socialization in the Workplace	25	(1)
Deviance in a Demanding Society	26	(8)
Low Levels of Deviance	26	(1)
Defining Deviance	27	(3)
Effective Social Controls	30	(1)
``Friendly Authoritarianism''	31	(1)
Surveillance	32	(1)
Japan's Social Compact	33	(1)
Social Inequality in Japan: Class, Status and Power	34	(18)
A History of Change	34	(1)
Class Inequality in Japan Today	35	(4)
Status Inequality in Japan: Minority Groups	39	(1)
Unequal Individuals in Japanese Groups	40	(2)
Status Inequality Based on Gender	42	(7)
Inequalities of Power in Japan Today	49	(3)
Social Change and the Future	52	(16)
Signs of Stress	52	(4)
Signs of Change	56	(4)
Unresolved Social Problems	60	(1)
Thinking Sociologically	61	(1)
For Further Reading	61	(1)
Bibliography	62	(6)
Mexico: Nation of Networks	68	(58)
Introduction	69	(1)
Understanding Mexico: The Conflict Perspective	69	(1)
Mexican History	70	(4)
The Pre-Columbian Period (c. 300 B.C.-A.D. 1519)	70	(1)
The Colonial Period (1519-1810)	71	(1)
The Modern Period (1810-Present)	72	(2)
Mexican Culture	74	(8)
Catholicism in Mexican Culture	75	(3)
A Culture of Opposites	78	(2)
Gender Dualities	80	(1)
Individualism and Familism	81	(1)
Cynicism and Fatalism	81	(1)
Social Structure and Group Life	82	(3)
Social Networks in Mexican Society	82	(2)
Social Groups in Mexican Society: The Household	84	(1)
Social Institutions	85	(16)
Mexican Social Institutions: The Family	85	(4)
Mexican Political Institutions: The Patronage System and Democracy	89	(8)
Building the Institutions of Democracy	97	(4)
Social Inequality	101	(11)
Racial Inequality in Mexican Society	101	(2)
Class Inequality in Mexican Society	103	(9)
Social Change and Mexico's Poor	112	(14)
Protectionist Mexico	112	(1)
The New Free-Market'' Mexico	113	(4)
Globalization and Migration	117	(1)
Migration and Mexican Politics	117	(1)
Globalization and the Environment	118	(1)
The Future	119	(1)
Thinking Sociologically	119	(1)
For Further Reading	120	(1)
Bibliography	120	(6)
The Bushmen of Namibia: Ancient Culture in a New Nation	126	(60)
Introduction	127	(5)
Who Are the Bushmen?	128	(2)
The Bushmen and Prehistory	130	(2)
History of the Bushmen	132	(4)
Settlers and the Bushmen	133	(1)
The Colonial Era in Namibia	133	(1)
The Fate of Hunter/Gatherers	133	(3)
Part I: Bushmen Culture: A Design for Living	136	(8)
Nyae Nyae: 1957	136	(3)
A Flexible Culture	139	(1)
How Hard is the Foraging Life?	140	(4)
Social Structure and Group Life	144	(7)
Authority and Anarchy	144	(1)
The Family: Putting Flexibility First	145	(1)
The Band: Linking Families	146	(1)
Kinship: Elaborating Connections	147	(2)
Roles: Focusing on Gender	149	(2)
Social Inequality	151	(2)
Gender Inequality	152	(1)
Deviance and Social Control	153	(3)
Deviance and Social Interaction	153	(3)
Socialization	156	(7)
Childhood Socialization	157	(2)
Rites of Passage to Adulthood	159	(2)
New Roles in Maturity	161	(2)
Part II: Social Change and the Future: The Postcolonial Era	163	(23)
The Liberation Struggle	164	(1)
Independent Namibia	165	(3)
The Bushmen in Modern Namibia	168	(1)
The Lucky Ones: The Ju/'hoansi of Bushmanland	169	(4)
Landless Bushmen: The Hai//om	173	(3)
The Future of the Bushmen	176	(4)
Namibia: Challenges for the Future	180	(2)
Thinging Sociologically	182	(1)
For Further Reading	182	(1)
Bibliography	183	(3)
Egypt: Faith, Gender, and Class	186	(70)
Introduction	187	(2)
Egypt's History	189	(6)
The Pharaonic Period	189	(1)
Greek and Roman Empires	190	(1)
The Arab/Islamic Conquest	191	(1)
Islamic Civilization	191	(1)
European Colonialism	192	(1)
An Independent Egypt	193	(1)
Egypt Today	194	(1)
Egyptian Culture	195	(8)
Islamic Beliefs, Norms, and Values	196	(4)
The Value of Community in Egyptian Culture	200	(2)
The Value of Generosity in Egyptian Culture	202	(1)
The Value of Honor	203	(1)
Social Structure and Egyptian Roles	203	(20)
Social Structure in the Countryside	203	(4)
Women's Roles in the Traditional Countryside	207	(4)
Men's Roles in the Traditional Countryside	211	(1)
Social Structure in the City	212	(3)
Gender Roles in Urban Egypt	215	(8)
Social Inequality in Egypt	223	(13)
Class Inequality	223	(10)
Racial Inequality in Egypt	233	(1)
Religious Inequality	234	(2)
Social Change and the Future	236	(20)
Economic Change and Poverty	236	(2)
Population Change	238	(2)
Political Conflict and Political Change	240	(7)
Democracy and Repression	247	(2)
Thinking Sociologically	249	(1)
For Further Reading	249	(1)
Bibliography	250	(6)
Germany: Social Institutions and Social Change in a Modern Western Society	256
Introduction	256
Social Change Today: Reunification	258
German History: Central Themes	259
German Culture: Continuity and Change	262
Order	262
Obedience	263
Seriousness	264
Divergent Values in East and West	266
Social Institutions of the Two Germanys	269
Bureaucracy	270
The Capitalist Economy in West German	271
German-Style Capitalism	272
The Socialist Economy in East Germany	274
German-Style Socialism	276
Inequality in East and West	279
Representative Democracy in West Germany	282
Authoritarian Government in East Germany	285
The Welfare State	288
Educational Institutions	291
Deviance and Social Control	293
Totalitarian Social Controls	283
Deviance and Social Control in the Federal Republic	298
Political Deviance in the Berlin Republic	300
Social Change and the Future	302
Collective Behavior and Social Movements	304
Institutional Change	305
Germany Today: Life in the Berlin Republic	307
Looking Towards The Future	314
Thinking Sociologically	317
For Further Reading	318
Bibliography	318
Index	I-1