Preface

Introduction: Historians and Their Sources

1 Political Terrorism during Reconstruction: Congressional Hearings and Reports on the Ku Klux Klan

Using the Source: Congressional Hearings and Reports

What Can Congressional Hearings and Reports Tell Us? 0

checklist: Interrogating Congressional Hearings and Reports

Source Analysis Table

The Source: Testimony and Reports from the Joint Select Committee to Inquire into the Condition of Affairs in the Late Insurrectionary States

WITNESS TESTIMONY

1. Testimony of Samuel T. Poinier, Washington, D.C., June 7, 1871

2. Testimony of D. H. Chamberlain, Washington, D.C., June 10, 1871

3. Testimony of Elias Thomson, Spartanburg, South Carolina, July 7, 1871

4. Testimony of Lucy McMillan, Spartanburg, South Carolina, July 10, 1871

5. Testimony of Mervin Givens, Spartanburg, South Carolina, July 12, 1871

COMMITTEE REPORTS

6. Majority Report of the Joint Select Committee to Inquire into the Condition of Affairs in the Late Insurrectionary States, February 19, 1872, Submitted by Luke P. Poland

7. Minority Report of the Joint Select Committee to Inquire into the Condition of Affairs in the Late Insurrectionary States, February 19, 1872, Submitted by James B. Beck

Analyzing Congressional Hearings and Reports

The Rest of the Story

To Find Out More

2 Picturing a Western Myth: Photography and the Blackfeet Indians

Using the Source: Photographs

What Can Photographs Tell Us?

checklist: Interrogating Photographs

Source Analysis Table

The Source: Photographs of the Blackfeet at Glacier National Park and on the Reservation, 1890–1930

COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHS FROM GLACIER NATIONAL PARK

1. Greetings from Glacier National Park, c. 1920

2. Great Northern Railway Calendar, 1923

3. Blackfeet and Park Golfers, c. 1930

4. Spearfishing in Glacier National Park, date unknown

5. Two Guns White Calf Reading, date unknown

AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN ON BLACKFEET RESERVATION IN MONTANA

6. Old Ration Place, date unknown

7. Blackfeet Performance, c. 1930

8. Family at Sun Dance Encampment, 1908

9. Students with Their Harvest, 1912

10. Mad Plume Family Harvest, c. 1920

11. Blackfeet Girl at Glacier National Park Switchboard, c. 1920

12. Sewing Class at the Cut Bank Boarding School, 1907

Analyzing Photographs

The Rest of the Story

To Find Out More

3 Reading the 1894 Pullman Strike: Chicago’s Daily Papers Report the News

Using the Source: Newspaper Articles

What Can Newspaper Articles Tell Us?

checklist: Interrogating Newspaper Articles

Source Analysis Table

The Source: Chicago Newspaper Articles on the Pullman Strike, May 12, 1894–July 15, 1894

FIRST FULL DAY OF THE LOCAL PULLMAN STRIKE

1. Chicago Tribune, May 12, 1894, page 1

2. Chicago Times, May 12, 1894, page 1

FOURTH DAY OF THE LOCAL PULLMAN STRIKE

3. Chicago Tribune, May 15, 1894, page 8

4. Chicago Times, May 15, 1894, page 1

FIRST DAY OF THE NATIONAL ARU BOYCOTT OF PULLMAN CARS

5. Chicago Tribune, June 26, 1894, page 8

6. Chicago Times, June 26, 1894, page 1

THIRD DAY OF THE NATIONAL RAILWAY BOYCOTT

7. Chicago Tribune, June 28, 1894, page 1

8. Chicago Times, June 28, 1894, page 1

SIXTH DAY OF THE NATIONAL RAILWAY BOYCOTT

9. Chicago Tribune, July 1, 1894, page 1

10. Chicago Times, July 1, 1894, page 1

FEDERAL TROOPS HAD BEEN IN CHICAGO FOR THREE DAYS

11. Chicago Tribune, July 7, 1894, page 1

12. Chicago Times, July 7, 1894, page 1

THE STRIKE DRAWS TO A CLOSE

13. Chicago Tribune, July 15, 1894, page 1

14. Chicago Times, July 15, 1894, page 1

Analyzing Newspaper Articles

The Rest of the Story

To Find Out More

4 Settling into Our Memories: Three Immigrant Women’s Autobiographies

Using the Source: Autobiographies

What Can Autobiographies Tell Us?

checklist: Interrogating Autobiographies

Source Analysis Table

The Source: Immigrant Women’s Autobiographies

1. I Came a Stranger: The Story of a Hull-House Girl by Hilda Satt Polacheck

2. Out of the Shadow: A Russian Jewish Girlhood on the Lower East Side by Rose Cohen

3. Rosa: The Life of an Italian Immigrant as recounted by Marie Hall Ets

Analyzing Autobiographies

The Rest of the Story

To Find Out More

5 Selling Respectability: Advertisements in the African American Press, 1910–1913

Using the Source: Magazine Advertisements

What Can Magazine Advertisements Tell Us?

checklist: Interrogating Advertisements

Source Analysis Table

The Source: Advertisements from The Crisis, November 1910–March 1913

HOUSING

1. Philip A. Payton, Jr., Company

2. White Rose Working Girls’ Home

3. Hotel Dale

ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES

4. Bussing-Wheaton Kitchen Supplies

5. Jackson Specialty Company

6. N.Y. & N.J. Industrial Exchange

7. International Realty Corporation

8. Cottman & Cottman Shipping

9. Nyanza Drug Co. & Pharmacy

10. Blackdom, New Mexico

EDUCATION AND RACE PRIDE

11. Wilberforce University

12. Daytona Educational and Industrial School for Negro Girls

13. Knoxville College

14. Provident Hospital and Training School for Colored Nurses

15. Self-Published Books on the Race Question

16. Mary White Ovington on the Race Question

17. National Negro Doll Company

BEAUTY AND FASHION

18. Solomon Garrett, Tonsorial Artist

19. Madame C. J. Walker Manufacturing Company

20. The Dunbar Company: Face Powder

Analyzing Magazine Advertisements

The Rest of the Story

To Find Out More

6 Living under Fire: World War I Soldiers’ Diaries

Using the Source: Wartime Diaries

What Can Wartime Diaries Tell Us?

checklist: Interrogating Diaries

Source Analysis Table

The Source: World War I Diaries from the St. Mihiel and Meuse-Argonne Battles, September 17, 1918– November 11, 1918

1. Corporal Eugene Kennedy, Company E, 303rd Engineers, Seventy-eighth Division, AEF

2. Captain John M. Trible, Medical Corps, Sanitary Train, Third Infantry Division, AEF

3. Sergeant Elmer F. Straub, 150th Field Artillery, Forty-second Rainbow Division

Analyzing Wartime Diaries

The Rest of the Story

To Find Out More

7 Singing of Struggle: Mexican Workers’ Folk Songs from the American Southwest

Using the Source: Folk Music

What Can Folk Music Tell Us?

checklist: Interrogating Song Lyrics

Source Analysis Table

The Source: Mexican Corridos, 1910–1930

1. An Emigrant’s Farewell (Despedida de un norteño)

2. Advice to the Northerners (Consejos a los norteños)

3. The Northerners (Los norteños)

4. Defense of the Emigrants (Defensa de los norteños)

5. Ballad of Pennsylvania (Corrido de Pensilvania)

6. Verses of the Beet-Field Workers ( Versos de los betabeleros)

7. Mexicans Who Speak English (Los Mexicanos que hablan ingles)

8. Radios and Chicanos (Radios y chicanos)

9. The Ranch (El rancho)

10. Red Bandannas (Los paños colorados)

Analyzing Folk Songs

The Rest of the Story

To Find Out More

8 Painting a New Deal: U.S. Post Office Murals from the Great Depression

Using the Source: Public Art

What Can Public Art Tell Us?

checklist: Interrogating Public Art

Source Analysis Table

The Source: Post Office Murals Depicting Work in Local Communities, 1936–1942

1. The Riveter by Ben Shahn, Bronx, New York, 1938

2. Development of the Land by Elsa Jemne, Ladysmith, Wisconsin, 1938

3. Postman in a Storm by Robert Tabor, Independence, Iowa, 1938

4. Legend of James Edward Hamilton — Barefoot Mailman by Stevan Dohanos, West Palm Beach, Florida, 1940

5. Tennessee Valley Authority by Xavier Gonzalez, Huntsville, Alabama, 1937

6. Plowshare Manufacturing by Edward Millman, Moline, Illinois, 1937

7. Sorting the Mail by Reginald Marsh, Washington, D.C., 1936

8. Mining by Michael Lenson, Mount Hope, West Virginia, 1942

9. Orange Picking by Paul Hull Julian, Fullerton, California, 1942

10. Tobacco Industry by Lee Gatch, Mullins, South Carolina, 1939

Analyzing Public Art

The Rest of the Story

To Find Out More

9 Challenging Wartime Internment: Supreme Court Records from Korematsu v. United States

Using the Source: Supreme Court Records

What Can Supreme Court Records Tell Us?

checklist: Interrogating Court Documents

Source Analysis Table

The Source: Briefs and Supreme Court Opinions in Korematsu v. United States, October Term, 1944

1. Part Three of the Brief Submitted by the Solicitor General of the United States and the Department of Justice Supporting Korematsu’s Conviction

2. Brief Submitted by Wayne M. Collins, Counsel for Appellant

3. Amicus Curiae Briefs Submitted by the American Civil Liberties Union

4. Amicus Curiae Brief Submitted by the Japanese American Citizens’ League on Behalf of Fred Korematsu

5. The Opinion of the Supreme Court, Issued December 18, 1944

6. Justice Owen J. Roberts, Dissenting from the Majority

7. Justice Frank Murphy, Dissenting from the Majority

8. Justice Robert Jackson, Dissenting from the Majority

Analyzing Supreme Court Records

The Rest of the Story

To Find Out More

10 The Cold War Heats Up: Presidential Recordings from the Cuban Missile Crisis

Using the Source: Presidential Tapes

What Can Presidential Tapes Tell Us?

checklist: Interrogating Presidential Tapes

Source Analysis Table

The Source: Presidential Tape Recordings from the Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962

1. Tuesday, October 16, 6:30 p.m. (Day One of the crisis)

2. Thursday, October 18, 11:10 a.m. (Day Three of the crisis)

3. Saturday, October 27, 10:00 a.m. (Day Twelve of the crisis)

4. Saturday, October 27, 4:00 p.m. (Day Twelve of the crisis)

Analyzing Presidential Tapes

The Rest of the Story

To Find Out More

11 Speaking of Equality: The Senate Debate on the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Using the Source: Senate Speeches

What Can Senate Speeches Tell Us?

checklist: Interrogating Congressional Speeches

Source Analysis Table

The Source: Speeches from the Senate Debate on the Civil Rights Act of 1964

1. Majority Leader Mike Mansfield (D-Montana), February 17, 1964

2. Senator Richard Russell (D-Georgia), February 25, 1964

3. Senator John Stennis (D-Mississippi), March 10, 1964

4. Senator Hubert Humphrey (D-Minnesota), March 30, 1964

5. Senator Thomas Kuchel (R-California), March 30, 1964

6. Senator Sam Ervin (D-North Carolina), April 11, 1964

7. Senator Strom Thurmond (D-South Carolina), April 14, 1964

8. Senator James O. Eastland (D-Mississippi), April 18, 1964

9. Senator Everett Dirksen (R-Illinois), June 10, 1964

10. Senator Barry Goldwater (R-Arizona), June 18, 1964

Analyzing Senate Speeches

The Rest of the Story

To Find Out More

12 Red Power in South Dakota: Oral Histories about the Occupation of Wounded Knee

Using the Source: Oral Histories

What Can Oral Histories Tell Us?

checklist: Interrogating Oral Histories

Source Analysis Table

The Source: Oral Histories about the Occupation of Wounded Knee

1. Interview with Asa Primeaux, June 1, 1973

2. Interview with Dick Wilson, July 17, 1973

3. Interview with Bessie Cornelius, July 17, 1973

4. Interview with Jere Brennan, July 18, 1973

5. Interview with Mike Her Many Horses, July 18, 1973

6. Interview with Lewis Bad Wound, September 24, 1974

7. Interview with Robert McBride, May 26, 1976

Analyzing Oral Histories

The Rest of the Story

To Find Out More

13 Drawn to Summits: Political Cartoons on President Reagan and the Arms Race

Using the Source: Political Cartoons

What Can Political Cartoons Tell Us?

checklist: Interrogating Political Cartoons

Source Analysis Table

The Source: Political Cartoons from the Reagan Era, 1981–1988

1. He’s got to eat to have the strength to start reducing by Jim Mazzotta, Fort Myers News Press, 1982

2. Surely they’ll not be so stupid as to keep on coming! by Bob Artley, Worthington Daily Globe, 1982

3. I’m surprised at how the president dealt with the Russians . . . by Walt Handelsman, Catonsville Times, 1983

4. Go on, Yuri, make my day . . . by Mike Peters, Dayton Daily News, 1984

5. The U.S. bargaining chip! The Soviet bargaining chip, chip, chip, chip! by Chuck Asay, Colorado Springs Sun, 1985

6. Gentlemen, start your engines! by Jeff MacNelly, Chicago Tribune, 1985

7. The Soviets are a bunch of rabid, murdering . . . by Mike Graston, Windsor Star, 1985

8. Hey, maybe we should do this more often by Hy Rosen, Albany Times-Union, 1985

9. Reykjavik summit destroyed by Star Wars by Jerry Fearing, St. Paul Dispatch-Pioneer Press, 1986

10. Little Ronnie Reagan and his imaginary friend by Mike Keefe, Denver Post, 1987

11. Evolution by Joe Majeski, Wilkes-Barre Times-Leader, 1988

Analyzing Political Cartoons

The Rest of the Story

To Find Out More

CAPSTONE Organizing Their Lives: Women, Work, and Family, 1950–2000

Using Multiple Sources on Women, Work, and Family, 1950–2000

What Can Multiple Source Types Tell Us?

Source Analysis Table

The Sources: Documents on Women, Work, and Family, 1950–2000

1. Meeting of Union of Auto, Aerospace, and Agricultural Implement Workers of America (UAW-CIO), Public debate. March 27–April 1, 1955

2. Modern American Housewife, Letter to the editor. Ladies’ Home Journal, March 1956

3. Women Know They Are Not Men: When Will Business Learn This Valuable Secret and Arrange Women’s Working Conditions Accordingly? Survey report. Florida Scott-Maxwell, Ladies’ Home Journal, November 1958

4. American Women: Report of the President’s Commission on the Status of Women, Government report. October 1963

5. Should Mothers Work? Advice column. Dr. Benjamin Spock, Ladies’ Home Journal, January–February 1963

6. Why Feminists Want Child Care, Position paper. National Organization for Women (N.O.W.), 1969

7. Veto of the Comprehensive Child Development Act, Presidential message. President Richard M. Nixon, December 9, 1971

8. What’s Wrong with ‘Equal Rights’ for Women? Political newsletter. The Phyllis Schlafly Report, February 1972

9. Parents Are People, Children’s song. Carol Hall for Free to Be You and Me, 1972

10. Ms. Magazine Cover, Illustration. Miriam Wosk, Spring 1972

11. The Second Stage, Book. Betty Friedan, 1981

12. Should We Expect Black Women to Be Supermothers? Magazine article. Claudia Tate, Ebony, September 1984

13. For Better or For Worse, Cartoon strip. Lynn Johnston, 1984

14. National Opinion Research Center Poll: Women, Work, and Family, Survey data. 1972–1998

Analyzing Sources on Women, Work, and Family

The Rest of the Story

To Find Out More

APPENDIX I: Avoiding Plagiarism: Acknowledging the Source

APPENDIX II: Documenting the Source

INDEX