The Great Scientists

by Meadows, Jack

• ISBN13: 9780195206203
• ISBN10: 0195206207
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1987-11-19
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

A lively history of the development of science and its relationship to society, The Great Scientists combines vivid biographies of twelve pivotal scientists, commentary on the social and historical events of their time, and over four hundred illustrations, the majority in full color. The biographies span from classical times to the Atomic Age, covering Aristotle, Galileo, Harvey, Newton, Lavoisier, Humbolt, Faraday, Darwin, Pasteur, Curie, Freud, and Einstein. Apart from Aristotle, who stands at the fountainhead of modern science, these great scientists represent the main fields of inquiry and controversy from the 16th to the early 20th century, from which emerged the modern scientific way of looking at the world. Through the biographies and a wealth of sidebar material, we see how social forces influence scientific work--how, for instance, the blockade of French ports during the Revolution led to the Leblanc process (needed to make gunpowder), which in turn opened the door to the heavy chemical industry that developed in Great Britain after 1820...how the American expansion westward, which placed great importance on knowledge of terrain and weather, resulted in great advances in geology, meteorology, astronomy, and biology...how developments in hydrography led to an surge in ocean mapping expeditions, including the one that took Darwin to the Galapagos, where he gathered crucial evidence for his theory of evolution...and how Stalin's brutal support of agricultural researcher Lysenko's theories of inheritance--exiling or imprisoning scientists who spoke out against the outdated arguments--paralyzed science for decades in the Soviet Union. All of this is highlighted by hundreds of informative, color illustrations, with much archival material never before published, ranging from medieval woodcuts, etchings from Renaissance anatomy texts, and pages from Harvey's journal, to modern false-color X-rays and infrared photographs of solar flares. A beautifully designed, fact-filled, stimulating work, The Great Scientists is an ideal book for anyone with a interest in science and how history can influence scientific discovery.

Author Biography

About the Editor:
Jack Meadows is Professor in the Department of Library and Information Studies at the University of Loughborough. He is the author of The High Firmament, Stellar Evolution, Communication in Science, and Science and Controversy, editor of Development of Science Publishing in Europe, and a consultant for the series of which the present volume is a part.
Other Contributors:
W.H. Brock is Director of the Victorian Studies Centre and Reader in History of Science at the University of Leicester. He is the author of From Protyle to Proton: William Prout and the Nature of Matter, co-author with Jack Meadows of The Lamp of Learning: Taylor and Francis and the Development of Science Publishing, and editor of the scientific correspondence of Justus von Liebig and A.W. von Hofmann.
Alex Keller is Senior Lecturer in the History of Science in the Department of History at the University of Leicester. He is the author of The Infancy of Atomic Physics: Hercules in His Cradle and The Theatre of Machines.