The Greek & Latin Roots of English

by Green, Tamara M.

• ISBN13: 9780742514669
• ISBN10: 0742514668
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-08-01
• Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Pub Inc

Summary

Now in its third edition, The Greek & Latin Roots of English rates as one of the foremost resources for students of etymology, across many academic disciplines. The third edition retains the approach of previous editions, with added exercises and updated lessons.

Author Biography

Tamara M. Green is professor and chair of the Classics Department at CUNY-Hunter College.

Table of Contents

Preface	xv
New Material in the Third Edition	xvi
How to Use This Text	xvi
Symbols and Abbreviations Used	xvi
Instructor's Manual	xvi
Photographs	xvi
A Polyglot Stew (Or ``Food for Thought'')	3	(4)
What Shall We Have for Dinner?	3	(4)
Language and History	7	(12)
Language Families	7	(1)
Note	8	(1)
The Branches of the Indo-European Tree	8	(1)
Note	9	(1)
A Brief History of English	9	(4)
Latin and the Power of Rome	9	(1)
Anglo-Saxon Culture and Old English	10	(1)
The Norman Conquest and Middle English	10	(1)
Modern English	11	(1)
American English	12	(1)
An Outline of the History of the English Language	13	(2)
Notes: English Worldwide	14	(1)
Some Useful Terms	14	(1)
Studying Language Can Be Glamorous	14	(1)
Exercises	15	(4)
How Latin Works	19	(14)
Inflected Languages	19	(1)
Latin Nouns and Adjectives	20	(2)
Finding the Stem of a Latin Noun or Adjective	22	(1)
Latin Verbs	22	(1)
Conjugations	23	(1)
Finding the Stem of a Latin Verb	23	(1)
Deponent Verbs	24	(1)
Essential Latin Verbs	25	(1)
Notes: Double Meanings	26	(1)
Doublets	26	(1)
Exercises	26	(7)
Latin into English	33	(14)
Forming New Words	33	(1)
Adjectival Endings Used with Latin Noun Stems	33	(1)
Note	34	(1)
Noun-Forming Suffixes with Latin Nouns and Adjectives	34	(1)
Diminutive-Forming Suffixes with Latin Nouns	35	(1)
Nouns and Adjectives Formed from Latin Verbs	36	(2)
Nouns and Adjectives Formed from the Present Stem	36	(1)
Nouns and Adjectives Formed from the Perfect Passive Stem	37	(1)
Verbal Suffixes	38	(1)
Verbal Learned Borrowings	39	(1)
Note	39	(1)
Exercises	40	(7)
How Greek Works	47	(6)
The Greek Alphabet	47	(1)
Rules for Transliterating Greek Words into English	48	(1)
Cognates	49	(1)
Exercises	49	(4)
Greek into English	53	(8)
Greek Suffixes	53	(1)
Adjective-Forming Suffixes	53	(1)
Noun-Forming Suffixes	54	(1)
Learned Borrowings	55	(2)
Note: Anglo-Saxon Suffixes	56	(1)
Exercises	57	(4)
Latin and Greek Prefixes	61	(14)
Latin Prepositions	61	(1)
Greek Prepositions	62	(1)
Prefixes Derived from Greek and Latin Adjectives and Adverbs	63	(2)
Words of Measurement	63	(1)
Words of Praise	64	(1)
Negatives	65	(1)
Odds and Ends	65	(1)
Exercises	65	(10)
Latin and Greek Numbers	75	(8)
Countdown	75	(1)
Latin Numbers	75	(1)
Examples of Roman Numerals	76	(1)
Greek Numbers	76	(2)
Notes: It's Nothing	77	(1)
The Years Fly By	78	(1)
Exercises	78	(5)
Government and Politics	83	(12)
Greek Politics	83	(1)
Note	83	(1)
Roman Politics	84	(2)
Roman Political Offices	84	(2)
Roman Economics	86	(1)
Notes: Theories of Social and Economic Organization with Classical Roots	86	(1)
We, the People	86	(1)
The Law	87	(2)
Latin Legal Terminology Used in Modern Law	87	(1)
Notes: War and Peace	88	(1)
Who's in Charge Here?	88	(1)
Purity in Politics	88	(1)
Only If the Signs Are Right	88	(1)
Who's Giving Advice Here?	89	(1)
What's in a Name?	89	(1)
Exercises	89	(6)
Psychology	95	(14)
Modern Theories of Psychology	95	(1)
Note	96	(1)
Ancient Psychological Theory	96	(1)
Love and Marriage	97	(2)
States of Feeling	99	(1)
Love and Desire	99	(1)
Hatred and Disapproval	99	(1)
Love Means You Never Have to Say You're Sorry	100	(1)
The Four Humors	100	(1)
Star Wars	101	(1)
The Planets and Their Roman Gods	101	(1)
Science and the Human Mind	101	(2)
Notes: You're an Idiot!	102	(1)
Compared to What?	102	(1)
Be Nice to Your Mother	103	(1)
Exercises	103	(6)
The Social Sciences	109	(12)
Theory and Practice	109	(1)
Sociology	110	(1)
Economics	110	(4)
Notes: She's Worth Her Salt	112	(1)
Let This Be a Warning to You	112	(1)
Utopia	113	(1)
And in Conclusion, a Word from Our Sponsor	114	(1)
Exercises	114	(7)
Human Biology and Medicine I	121	(14)
Modern Medicine and Ancient Terminology	121	(1)
The Human Body	121	(1)
Medical Specialties	122	(2)
An Ounce of Prevention	124	(1)
Diagnosis and Treatment	124	(1)
To Sleep, Perchance to Dream	125	(3)
Notes: The Hippocratic Oath	126	(1)
Shake, Rattle, and Roll	127	(1)
Dig in Your Heels!	127	(1)
Or Change Your Mind!	127	(1)
Looks Can Wound, and Words Can Hurt!	128	(1)
Ave Atque Vale!	128	(1)
Exercises	128	(7)
Human Biology and Medicine II	135	(10)
Advanced Medical Training	135	(1)
The Circulatory System	135	(1)
Note	136	(1)
The Respiratory System	136	(1)
Note: It's Not All in Your Head	136	(1)
The Digestive System	136	(2)
The Reproductive System	138	(1)
Note: It's Not Funny . . .	138	(1)
The Endocrine System	138	(2)
Note: Ahem . . .	140	(1)
Useful Beginnings and Endings	140	(1)
Notes: Use Your Head . . .	141	(1)
Scribble, Scribble!	141	(1)
Exercises	141	(4)
Science and Mathematics	145	(24)
Ancient and Modern Science	145	(1)
Astronomy	146	(1)
Signs of the Zodiac (Latin Names)	147	(1)
You'd Better Stay Home	147	(1)
The Biological Sciences	147	(5)
Zoology	148	(1)
Ornithology	149	(1)
Entomology	149	(1)
Oh What a Tangled Web We Weave . . .	149	(1)
Ichthyology	150	(1)
Visual Symbolism	150	(1)
Herpetology	150	(1)
Botany	150	(1)
Resting on Her Laurels	151	(1)
Genetics	151	(1)
Note	152	(1)
Chemistry	152	(3)
The Elements	152	(2)
Mistaken Identity	154	(1)
Biochemistry	154	(1)
Chemical Suffixes	154	(1)
Islamic Science	155	(1)
Physics	155	(3)
Notes: Come Closer	156	(1)
We're Halfway There	156	(1)
Mechanics	156	(1)
Optics	157	(1)
Thermodynamics	157	(1)
Geology	158	(1)
Paleontology	158	(1)
Jurassic Park, Revisited . . .	159	(1)
I'll Drink to That . . .	159	(1)
Meteorology	159	(1)
Note: It Was a Dark and Stormy Night . . .	159	(1)
The Seasons	160	(1)
Mathematics	160	(1)
Exercises	161	(8)
It's an Academic Question	169	(12)
Greek and Roman Education	169	(3)
Higher Education	170	(1)
Notes: It's All Academic	171	(1)
But Not Too Academic	171	(1)
What Were You Saying?	171	(1)
From Greek into Latin	172	(1)
The Liberal Arts	172	(1)
Books and Libraries	172	(2)
Electronic Literature	173	(1)
Notes: Going Around in Circles	174	(1)
Stop, Thief!	174	(1)
Talking May Be Hazardous to Your Mental Health	174	(1)
Exercises	174	(7)
The Classical Influence	181	(16)
Europe and the Classical Heritage	181	(1)
The Fine Arts	181	(2)
Notes: Studying the Classics	182	(1)
Pots and Pans	182	(1)
City Planning	183	(2)
Going Places	183	(2)
Literature	185	(1)
Theater	185	(2)
The Muses	186	(1)
Music	187	(1)
Notes: Let's Hear It for the Maestro	188	(1)
From A to Z	188	(1)
Athletics, Competition, and Excellence	188	(3)
Notes: Leisure, the Freedom from Activity, Is Legal	189	(1)
Setting a Record	190	(1)
Approval Ratings	190	(1)
Some New Beginnings	191	(1)
Exercises	191	(6)
Myth, Religion, and Philosophy	197	(18)
Greek and Roman Religion and Myth	197	(1)
The Greek and Roman Gods	198	(1)
The Greek Gods and Their Roman Counterparts	198	(1)
The Calendar	199	(1)
The Months	199	(1)
Note: Beware the Ides of March . . .	200	(1)
Other Times . . .	200	(1)
Other Places . . .	200	(1)
Mythic Creatures	201	(2)
Troy	203	(3)
Ancient Peoples and Places	206	(1)
Philosophy	207	(2)
Ancient Greek Schools of Philosophy	208	(1)
Forms of Philosophical and Logical Argumentation	208	(1)
The Language of Christianity	209	(1)
Note	209	(1)
Exercises	209	(6)
Latin Phrases Used in English	215	(6)
Lingua Latina Etiam Vivit! (The Latin Language Still Lives!)	215	(1)
Latin Proverbs	215	(1)
Measurements of Time	215	(1)
Measures and Relationships	216	(1)
Speech and Language	216	(1)
Drama and Theater	216	(1)
People, Places, and Things	217	(1)
Latin Abbreviations and Words Used in Scholarly Research and Writing	217	(1)
Exercises	218	(3)
Latin Vocabulary	221	(8)
Greek Vocabulary	229	(6)
About the Author	235