Green Fees

by Repetto, Robert; Dower, Roger C.; Jenkins, Robin; Geoghegan, Jacqueline

• ISBN13: 9780915825769
• ISBN10: 0915825767
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1992-11-01
• Publisher: World Resources Inst

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments	v
Foreword	vii
The Potential Gains from Shifting the Revenue Burden from Economic ``Goods'' to Environmental ``Bads''	1	(14)
The Burden of Today's Tax System	2	(5)
The Economic (and Political) Benefits of Environmental Charges	7	(8)
Notes	12	(3)
Pay-By-The-Bag Household Collection Charges to Manage Municipal Solid Waste	15	(20)
Households' Response to Waste Collection Charges	17	(2)
Cost Savings Under Pay-by-the-Bag Systems	19	(5)
The Costs of Solid Waste Collection and Disposal	19	(3)
Estimates of Solid-Waste Collection and Disposal Costs	22	(2)
The Revenues and Net Savings from Waste-Collection Charges	24	(6)
Appendices	30	(1)
A summary of the Empirical Demand Model	30	(2)
Estimated Coefficients	32	(3)
Notes	34	(1)
An Analysis of Tolls to Reduce Congestion on Urban Highways in the United States	35	(18)
Other Costs	38	(2)
The Technology	40	(1)
Estimated Benefits of Urban Congestion Tolls Applied Nationwide	41	(6)
Other Costs	47	(1)
Projections to 1999	48	(1)
Other Considerations	49	(4)
Carbon Taxes to Reduce CO2 Emissions	53	(18)
Defining a Carbon Tax	54	(2)
Setting the Right Level of a Carbon Tax	56	(1)
Economic Consequences of Carbon Taxes	57	(4)
Macroeconomic Impacts of Carbon Taxes	57	(2)
Recycling the Revenues	59	(1)
What the Models Miss	60	(1)
Distributional Consequences of Carbon Taxes	61	(6)
The Impact of Energy Taxes by Income Class	62	(1)
The Impact of Energy Taxes by Region	63	(4)
The Impact of Carbon Taxes by Industry	67	(1)
The International Context for Carbon Taxes	67	(4)
Notes	69	(2)
Other Potential Environmental Charges	71	(14)
Effluent Charges	74	(3)
Charges on Releases of Toxic Substances Documented Under the Toxic Releases Inventory	74	(1)
Vehicular Emissions Charges in Areas That Don't Meet Air Quality Standards	75	(1)
Effluent Charges on Surface Water Discharges	76	(1)
Activity Charges	77	(1)
Recreation Fees on the National Forests and Other Public Lands	77	(1)
Product Charges	78	(3)
Additional Stratospheric Ozone-Depleting Substances	78	(1)
Agricultural Chemical Taxes	79	(2)
Reducing Environmentally Damaging Subsidies and Tax Advantages	81	(2)
Eliminating the Excess of Percentage Over Cost Depreciation for Mineral Extraction Activities	81	(1)
Charging Market Value for Commodities Produced on Public Lands	82	(1)
Conclusion	83	(2)
Notes	84	(1)
References	85