Handbook of Developmental Disabilities: Resources for Interdisciplinary Care

by Kurtz, Lisa A.; Dowrick, Peter W.; Levy, Susan E.; Batshaw, Mark L.; Children's Seashore House

• ISBN13: 9780944480427
• ISBN10: 094448042X
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2004-01-01
• Publisher: Pro Ed

Table of Contents

Contributors	xvii
Foreword	xxi
Preface	xxv
Acknowledgments	xxvii
PART I-SCOPE OF PEDIATRIC DEVELOPMENT DISABILITIES	1	(24)
Chapter 1-The Developmental Disabilities	3	(9)
Susan E. Levy
Chapter 2-The Syndromes	12	(13)
Mark L. Batshaw and Gretchen Meyer
PART II-INTERDISCIPLINARY ASSESSMENT OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES	25	(164)
Chapter 3-Guidelines for Referral	27	(3)
Linda Hock Long
Rationale for Developmental Assessment	27	(1)
Special Considerations	28	(2)
Chapter 4-Developmental Milestones	30	(23)
Tools for Developmental Screening	31	(2)
Susan E. Levy
Primitive Reflexes	33	(3)
Shirley A. Scull
Automatic Righting and Equilibrium Reaction	36	(2)
Shirley A. Scull
Gross Motor Sequences	38	(2)
Shirley A. Scull
Visual-Motor and Writing Sequences	40	(1)
Lisa A. Kurtz
Sequences of Prehension	41	(2)
Lisa A. Kurtz
Oral-Motor Reflexes and Skills	43	(1)
Suzanne Vender
Language and Speech	44	(2)
Marleen A. Baron
Cognitive Processes	46	(2)
Susan E. Ansul
Self-Care	48	(5)
Lisa A. Kurtz
Chapter 5-Roles and Functions of the Interdisciplinary Team	53	(27)
Audiology	53	(4)
Carol A. Knightly
Roles and Functions of Audiologists	53	(1)
Typical Services Provided by Audiologists	54	(1)
Criteria for Referral to Audiology	54	(2)
Suggested Outline/Flow Sheet for Initial Audiological Evaluation	56	(1)
Developmental Pediatrics	57	(2)
Susan E. Levy
Roles and Functions of Developmental Pediatricians	57	(1)
Typical Services Provided by Developmental Pediatricians	57	(1)
Criteria for Referral to a Developmental Pediatrician	57	(1)
Suggested Outline/Flow Sheet for Initial Evaluation by Developmental Pediatrics	58	(1)
Nursing	59	(3)
Kathleen Ryan Kuntz
Roles and Functions of Rehabilitation Nurses	59	(1)
Typical Services Provided by the Rehabilitation Nurse	59	(1)
Criteria for Referral to Rehabilitation Nursing	59	(1)
Suggested Outline/Flow Sheet for Initial Nursing Assessment	60	(2)
Occupational Therapy	62	(3)
Lisa A. Kurtz
Roles and Functions of Occupational Therapists	62	(1)
Typical Services Provided by Occupational Therapists	62	(1)
Criteria for Referral to Occupational Therapy	63	(1)
Suggested Outline/Flow Sheet for Initial Occupational Therapy Evaluation	63	(2)
Physical Therapy	65	(2)
Shirley A. Scull
Roles and Functions of Physical Therapists	65	(1)
Typical Services Provided by Physical Therapists	66	(1)
Criteria for Referral	66	(1)
Suggested Outline/Flow Sheet for Initial Physical Therapy Evaluation	67	(1)
Psychology	67	(3)
Linda Gibson Matthews
Roles and Functions of Psychologists	67	(1)
Typical Services Provided by Pediatric Psychologists	68	(1)
Criteria for Referral to Pediatric Psychology	68	(1)
Suggested Outline/Flow Sheet for Initial Psychological Evaluation	69	(1)
Special Education	70	(2)
Jennifer Buzby-Hadden
Roles and Functions of the Special Educator	70	(1)
Typical Services Provided by the Special Educator	70	(1)
Criteria for Referral	71	(1)
Suggested Outline/Flow Sheet for Initial Special Education Evaluation	71	(1)
Speech/Language Pathology	72	(5)
Marleen Anne Baron and Cynthia B. Solot
Roles and Functions of Speech-Language Pathologists	72	(1)
Typical Services Provided by Speech/Language Pathologists	73	(1)
Criteria for Referral	73	(2)
Suggested Outline/Flow Sheet for Initial Speech/Language Evaluation	75	(2)
Social Work	77	(3)
Symme W. Trachtenberg
Roles and Functions of Social Workers	77	(1)
Typical Services Provided by Social Workers	78	(1)
Criteria for Referral to Social Work	78	(1)
Suggested Outline/Flow Sheet for Initial Social Work Assessment	78	(2)
Chapter 6-Roles of Specialists	80	(8)
Ada Dorothy Hayes
General Guidelines for Requesting an Evaluation by Specialists	80	(1)
Standards for Use of Consulting Specialists	81	(1)
Roles of Specialists	81	(7)
Chapter 7-Selected Clinical Assessment Procedures	88	(101)
Assessment of Physical Well-Being	88	(19)
Kathleen Ryan Kuntz
Assessment of Respiratory Function	88	(3)
Assessment of Growth	91	(9)
Assessment of Nutrition	100	(3)
Assessment of Feeding	103	(1)
Assessment of Rest	104	(1)
Assessment of the Skin	105	(2)
Procedures for Musculoskeletal Assessment	107	(10)
Shirley A. Scull and Lisa A. Kurtz
Range of Motion (ROM)	107	(5)
Strength	112	(4)
Gait Analysis	116	(1)
Special Musculoskeletal Tests	116	(1)
Sensory Screening: Sensibility Testing	117	(3)
Stephanie R. Ried
General Principles	117	(1)
Examination Techniques	118	(2)
Sensory Screening: Vision	120	(2)
Sheryl J. Menacker
Visual Acuity Charts	120	(1)
Preferential Looking Visual Acuity Cards	121	(1)
Optokinetic Nystagmus (OKN)	121	(1)
Electrophysiological Testing	121	(1)
Sensory Screening: Hearing	122	(6)
Carol A. Knightly
Interpretation of the Audiogram	122	(4)
Glossary of Audiologic Terminology	126	(2)
Speech/Language Measures	128	(10)
Marleen Anne Baron
Adaptations of Assessment Procedures for Children with Disabilities	129	(3)
Measures of Specific Speech/Language Functions	132	(1)
Glossary of Speech/Language Terminology	133	(5)
Psychoeducational Measures: Curriculum-Based Assessment	138	(5)
Thomas J. Power
Definition of Terms	139	(1)
Characteristics of Curriculum-Based Assessment	139	(1)
Assessment of Reading	140	(1)
Assessment of Mathematics	141	(1)
Case Study	142	(1)
Psychoeducational Measures: Competency-Based Training	143	(5)
John M. Parrish
Description of Competency-Based Training	143	(1)
Designing and Implementing a Competency-Based Curriculum	144	(4)
Glossary	148	(1)
Psychoeducational Measures: Ecological Assessment	148	(4)
Peter W. Dowrick
Definitions	149	(1)
Overview of the Ecological Assessment	149	(1)
Procedures for Conducting an Ecological Assessment	150	(2)
Guidelines for Use of Tests in Pediatrics	152	(7)
Jerilynn Radcliffe and Edward M. Moss
Critical Factors in Selection of Tests	152	(3)
Appropriate/Inappropriate Uses of Tests	155	(2)
Interpretation of Tests	157	(2)
Annotated Index of Selected Assessment Tools	159	(34)
Lisa A. Kurtz, Mary F. Lazar, and Marleen Anne Baron
Developmental Tests Intended for Normal Populations	159	(4)
Developmental Tests Designed for Children with Disabilities	163	(2)
Motor Performance Tests	165	(3)
Tests of Sensorimotor Performance	168	(2)
Tests of Functional Skill	170	(2)
Speech/Language Tests	172	(6)
Intelligence Tests	178	(3)
Behavior and Attention Tests	181	(4)
Achievement/School Performance Tests	185	(4)
PART III-MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT APPROACHES	189	(430)
Chapter 8-Interdisciplinary Team Process	193	(25)
Principles of Interdisciplinary Team Collaboration	193	(4)
Peter W. Dowrick
Characteristics of Successful Collaborations	194	(1)
Outcomes To Be Achieved by Collaboration	194	(1)
Solution-Oriented Collaborations	194	(1)
Planning the Present and the Future	195	(1)
Techniques for Collaboration	195	(2)
Interagency Collaboration	197	(6)
Lynn S. Paterna
The Collaborative Team	197	(1)
Collaborative Team Membership	197	(1)
Protocols for Efficient Collaborative Team Meetings	198	(5)
Case Management	203	(6)
Symme W. Trachtenberg and David F. Lewis
Qualities of Case Management	204	(1)
Skills Involved in Case Management	204	(1)
Techniques for Developing a Case Management Plan	205	(2)
Determining the Need for Out-of-Home Placement	207	(1)
Conclusion	208	(1)
Resolving Conflicts	209	(3)
Dana I. Klar
Transition Issues	212	(6)
Peter W. Dowrick
Techniques for Improving Transitions	213	(2)
Video Futures	215	(3)
Chapter 9-Early Intervention and Special Education	218	(31)
Laws and Issues Concerning Education and Related Services	218	(11)
Lee Kern, Beth A. Delaney, and Bridget A. Taylor
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1990 (IDEA)	218	(4)
Other Federal Laws Affecting Children and Youth with Disabilities	222	(1)
Mainstreaming and Inclusion in Educational Settings	223	(3)
Procedural Safeguards	226	(2)
Summary	228	(1)
The Individualized Education Program	229	(8)
Lee Kern and Peter W. Dowrick
The Individualized Education Program (IEP)	230	(3)
The Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP)	233	(1)
The Individualized Transition Plan (ITP)	234	(1)
Goal Setting	234	(3)
School-Based Vocational Training	237	(12)
Karen M. Ward
Best Practices of Vocational Programs	237	(1)
Program Design	237	(1)
Creating Vocational Training and Employment Sites	238	(2)
Job Carving	240	(1)
Job Analysis	241	(1)
Student Skill Assessment	241	(1)
Job Matching	242	(1)
Quality Issues	242	(1)
Skill Training	242	(2)
Self-Management Techniques	244	(1)
Nonvocational and Social Competence Skills	244	(1)
Follow-Along Support	245	(1)
Issues in Community Training	246	(1)
Partnerships with Adult Service Providers	246	(1)
Resource Allocation	247	(2)
Chapter 10-Developmental Therapy Approaches	249	(20)
Neurodevelopmental Therapy	249	(11)
Lynette E. Byarm
Neurodevelopmental Assessment	250	(2)
Treatment Considerations	252	(1)
Sensorimotor Handling Techniques	252	(2)
Recommendations for Caregiving and Activities of Daily Living	254	(3)
Equipment	257	(1)
Efficacy and Assessment of Treatment	257	(3)
Sensory Integration Therapy	260	(9)
Lisa A. Kurtz
Classification of Sensory Integrative Dysfunction	261	(1)
Assessment Procedures	262	(3)
Suggested Tests for Sensory Integration Assessment	265	(1)
Treatment Considerations	265	(4)
Chapter 11-Mobility and Ambulation	269	(58)
Shirley A. Scull
General Safety Precautions	270	(1)
Transfer Methods for Children with Some Active Lower Extremity Control (At Least Unilaterally)	270	(3)
Transfer Methods for Children with Bilateral Lower Extremity Impairment	273	(5)
Transfer Methods for Children with Total Body Involvement (Dependent on Others for Transfer)	278	(4)
Special Transfers	282	(1)
Adaptive Positioning Devices	283	(11)
Lesley Austin Geyer
Major Categories of Adaptive Positioning Devices	283	(2)
Precautions and Contraindications	285	(1)
Assessment	285	(1)
Selection of Devices	286	(1)
Materials for Fabrication of Custom Devices	286	(8)
Wheelchair Selection and Maintenance	294	(17)
Johanna E. Deitz-Curry
General Principles for Selection of Seating Systems	294	(1)
The Importance of Team Collaboration	295	(1)
The Assessment Process	295	(1)
Measuring for a Wheelchair	296	(1)
Types of Bases for Wheelchairs and Other Mobility Systems	297	(7)
Funding Issues	304	(1)
Wheelchair Maintenance	304	(7)
Ambulation Aids	311	(6)
Shirley A. Scull
General Safety Principles	311	(1)
Types of Gait	312	(1)
Types of Assistive Devices	312	(3)
Ambulation Training Guidelines	315	(1)
Ambulation Training Sequence	316	(1)
Environmental Accessibility	317	(4)
Shirley A. Scull and Lisa A. Kurtz
Accessibility Checklist for Children in Wheelchairs	317	(1)
Functional School Assessment Checklist	318	(3)
Car Seat Safety	321	(6)
Shirley A. Scull
General Safety Principles	321	(1)
Standard Car Seats	322	(1)
Conditions Requiring Special Car Restraint Plans	323	(4)
Chapter 12-Feeding and Nutritional Concerns	327	(15)
Therapeutic Feeding	327	(7)
Peggy S. Eicher and MaryLouise E. Kerwin
Etiology of Feeding Problems	327	(1)
Assessment Techniques	328	(1)
Medical Stability	329	(1)
Developmental Readiness and Motor Control	330	(1)
Environmental Factors	330	(1)
Treatment Approach	330	(4)
Diets	334	(4)
Susan E. Levy
Assessment of Nutritional Status	335	(1)
Nutritional Needs	336	(1)
Requirements for Enteral Feedings	337	(1)
Parenteral Feedings	337	(1)
Elimination	338	(4)
Susan E. Levy and Peggy S. Eicher
Diarrhea	338	(1)
Constipation	339	(1)
Enuresis	339	(1)
Encopresis	340	(2)
Chapter 13-Medical and Nursing Issues	342	(107)
Infection Control	342	(6)
Kathleen Ryan Kuntz
Categories of Precaution	343	(1)
Special Considerations for Universal Precautions	343	(2)
General Infection Control Principles	345	(2)
Sanitization of Toys and Equipment	347	(1)
Safety	348	(2)
Kathleen Ryan Kuntz
General Safety Measures	348	(1)
Special Precautions	349	(1)
Cardiorespiratory Emergency Management	350	(7)
Kathleen Ryan Kuntz
Basic Life Support	350	(3)
Foreign-Body Airway Obstruction	353	(4)
Therapy Considerations for the Medically Fragile Child	357	(4)
Kathleen Ryan Kuntz
Management of Pressure Sores	361	(7)
Kathleen Ryan Kuntz
Wound Healing	362	(1)
Pressure Sore Formation and Classification	362	(2)
Pressure Sore Complications	364	(1)
Treatment of Pressure Sores	364	(4)
Percussion and Postural Damage	368	(3)
Kathleen Ryan Kuntz
Indications for Percussion/Postural Drainage	368	(1)
Procedures	369	(2)
Cardiorespiratory Monitors	371	(3)
Kathleen Ryan Kuntz
Monitoring Mechanisms	372	(1)
Summary	373	(1)
Care of Tracheostomy Sites	374	(4)
Kathleen Ryan Kuntz
Emergency Supplies and Equipment	374	(1)
Specific Procedures	374	(4)
Gastrostomy Care	378	(5)
Kathleen Ryan Kuntz
Gastrostomy Site Care	379	(1)
Verifying Placement and Residual Volume	379	(1)
Gastrostomy Tube Feeding Administration	380	(1)
Gastrostomy Tube Insertion (Foley, MIC)	381	(2)
Nasogastric Tubes/Feeding Pumps	383	(5)
Kathleen Ryan Kuntz
Nasogastric Tube Insertion Site Care	384	(1)
Verifying Placement and Residual Volume	384	(1)
Nasogastric Tube Feeding Administration	385	(1)
Nasogastric Tube Insertion	386	(1)
Care of Tube	387	(1)
Cast Care	388	(3)
Kathleen Ryan Kuntz
Skin and Circulation Assessment	388	(1)
Skin Care	389	(1)
Maintaining Circulation and Mobility	389	(1)
Maintaining Hygiene	390	(1)
Maintaining Cast Integrity	390	(1)
Dietary Considerations (Body Cast)	390	(1)
Lifting/Moving	390	(1)
Ventilators	391	(4)
Kathleen Ryan Kuntz
Management of Children on Ventilators	391	(2)
Weaning from Ventilatory Support	393	(2)
Bladder Catheterization	395	(2)
Kathleen Ryan Kuntz
Dietary Considerations	395	(1)
Signs/Symptoms of Complications	395	(1)
Steps in Clean Intermittent Catheterization	396	(1)
Caregiver Considerations	396	(1)
Equipment Management	397	(1)
Seizures	397	(3)
Kathleen Ryan Kuntz
Introduction to Management of Seizures	397	(1)
Management of an Acute Episode	398	(1)
Management of Chronic Seizure Conditions	399	(1)
Medications	400	(27)
Mark L. Batshaw, Nathan J. Blum, Cynthia Borda, Anna-Maria DaCosta, Sonia V. George, Audrey E. Mars, H. Lynn Starr, and Paul P. Wang
Antiepileptic Drugs	400	(17)
Antispasticity Medications	417	(4)
Antireflux Medications	421	(1)
Antibiotic Medications	422	(1)
Medications To Influence Mood and Behavior	423	(1)
Skin Preparations	424	(1)
Respiratory Medications	425	(2)
Bowel and Bladder Function in Neuromuscular Disorders	427	(3)
Stephanie R. Ried
Types of Neurogenic Bladders	427	(1)
Potential Complications of Bladder Dysfunction	427	(1)
Specific Techniques and Procedures for Bladder Management	427	(2)
Bowel Dysfunction	429	(1)
Techniques and Procedures for Bowel Management	429	(1)
Pain Management	430	(7)
Mary L. Osborne and David E. Cohen
Pain Assessment	430	(3)
Pharmacologic Treatment of Pain	433	(3)
Nonpharmacological Approaches to Pain Management	436	(1)
Orthopedic Intervention	437	(9)
John P. Dormans
Evaluation Techniques	438	(2)
Management Techniques	440	(1)
Specific Deformities	441	(4)
Fractures	445	(1)
Neurosurgical Intervention	446	(3)
Ann-Christine Duhaime
Screening Candidates	446	(1)
Surgical Technique	447	(1)
Complications	447	(1)
Rehabilitation	447	(1)
Comparison with Other Treatments of Spasticity	447	(2)
Chaper 14- Functional Skills Training	449	(16)
Activities of Daily Living	449	(10)
Lesley A. Geyer, Sandra J. Okino, and Lisa A. Kurtz.
Limitations in Movement and Postural Control	450	(6)
Inability To Use One Side of the Body	456	(1)
Visual Impairment	457	(1)
Cognitive Impairment	458	(1)
Low-Vision Management	459	(6)
Lisa A. Kurtz
General Considerations for Functional Vision Assessment	459	(1)
Suggested Procedures for Assessment of Functional Vision	460	(1)
Suggested Techniques for Management of Low Vision	461	(4)
Chapter 15-Orthotics	465	(24)
Principles of Splint Design and Use	465	(16)
Doré Blanchet and Sandra M. McGee
Assessment and Design of Splints	466	(1)
Upper Extremity Splints	466	(4)
Trunk and Lower Extremity Splints and Orthotics	470	(1)
Principles and Techniques for Fabrication	470	(5)
Properties of Thermoplastic Materials	475	(1)
Examples of Splint Fabrication Technique	476	(3)
Precautions and Special Considerations	479	(1)
Splint Wear and Care	480	(1)
Serial and Inhibitive Casting	481	(8)
Sandra M. McGee and Lesley A. Geyer
Special Considerations	481	(1)
Comparison of Casting Materials	482	(1)
Procedures for Applying/Removing/Finishing Casts	482	(1)
Types of Casts	483	(6)
Chapter 16-Communication Skills	489	(18)
Speech and Language Stimulation Activities	489	(4)
Marleen Anne Baron
Alternative Communication Systems	493	(6)
Laura Fus-Rowe
Case Study	494	(1)
Techniques	495	(4)
Amplification	499	(27)
Carol A. Knightly
Guidelines for Professionals	499	(2)
Guidelines for Parents and Caregivers	501	(1)
Functioning of a Hearing Aid	502	(5)
Chapter 17-Assistive Technology	507	(19)
Mary Lisa Wright and Amy S. Goldman
Determining Suggested Applications	509	(2)
Process of Acquisition	511	(2)
Access	513	(11)
Intervention	524	(2)
Chapter 18-Psychosocial Management	526	(79)
Collaboration with Parent and Child	526	(8)
Symme W. Trachtenberg and Nancy Hale Sills
Identifying Family Strengths and Needs	527	(1)
Identifying Family Values-Differences between Parent and Professional	527	(2)
Communication Regarding the Child's Diagnosis and Prognosis	529	(1)
Intervention: Obtaining Services and Resources	529	(4)
Conclusion	533	(1)
Fostering Independence and Self-Esteem	534	(8)
Valerie Wolf Shopp
Assessment and Goal Identification for Independence, Social Skills Training, and Self-Esteem	535	(2)
Strategies To Develop Independence	537	(1)
Strategies To Develop Self-Esteem	538	(1)
Independence and Access	539	(3)
Child Abuse and Neglect	542	(12)
Karen M. Hudson and Angelo P. Giardino
Definitions	542	(2)
Child Abuse and Neglect: Considerations for the Child with a Disability	544	(1)
Evaluation Techniques	545	(5)
People Obligated To Report Suspected Child Abuse	550	(1)
Case Study 1: Suspicious Injury Related to Corporal Punishment in a Child with Osteogenesis Imperfecta	550	(1)
Case Study 2: Excessive Feeding in a Patient with Cerebral Palsy	551	(1)
Pointers for Management of Child Abuse and Neglect Cases	551	(1)
Conclusion	552	(2)
Parent Training	554	(6)
Peter W. Dowrick and Mary L. Osborne
Disability-Related Considerations	554	(1)
General Program Structure	555	(1)
Sample Course	555	(1)
Essential Qualities of Parenting	556	(1)
Developing Cooperation with Parents	557	(1)
Adult Learning: Implications for Program Development	557	(1)
Use of Video	558	(2)
Prevention of Behavior Problems during Training	560	(6)
Joseph S. Lalli, Kelly Kates, and Sean Casey
Assessment of Potential Problems and Solutions	560	(1)
Preventing Problems during Therapy	561	(3)
Monitoring the Prevention of Behavior Problems	564	(1)
Case Study	564	(2)
Using Symptom Checklists and Rating Scales To Make Referrals	566	(7)
Thomas J. Power
Advantages of Checklists and Rating Scales	567	(1)
Limitations of Ratings and Checklists	567	(1)
Assessment Procedures	568	(2)
Determining Cutoff Scores	570	(1)
Case Study	571	(2)
Overview of Behavioral Change Strategies	573	(6)
Thomas J. Power
Externally Managed Strategies	573	(2)
Self-Managed Strategies	575	(3)
Conclusion	578	(1)
Applied Behavior Analysis	579	(9)
John M. Parrish, Lee Kern, and Peter W. Dowrick
Behavior Analysis Techniques and Examples	580	(1)
Consequence-Based Techniques and Examples	581	(5)
Promoting Skill Acquisition	586	(2)
Instruction and Modeling	588	(5)
Shirley A. Harris-Carlson, Mary L. Osborne, and Peter W. Dowrick
Special Considerations for Developmental Disabilities	588	(1)
Case Study	588	(1)
Techniques for Giving Effective Instructions	589	(1)
Modeling	590	(3)
Prevention of Burnout in Parents and Professionals	593	(4)
Symme W. Trachtenberg and Jocelyn I. Trachtenberg
Definition of Burnout	593	(1)
Symptoms of Burnout	593	(1)
Causes of Burnout	594	(1)
Preventing and Treating Burnout	595	(1)
Summary	595	(2)
Sibling Support	597	(24)
Karen M. Hudson, Hillary S. Domers, and Joan Rhodes
Interventions	598	(5)
Conclusion	603	(2)
Chapter 19-Play and Recreation	605	(14)
Kathleen H. Murphey
Play and Development	605	(1)
Play and Children with Developmental Disabilities	606	(1)
Play and Infants (Birth to 12 Months)	606	(2)
Play and Toddlers (12-36 Months)	608	(1)
Play and Preschoolers (3-5 Years)	608	(3)
Play and School-Aged Children	611	(1)
Play and Adolescents	611	(3)
Adaptations for Play	614	(5)
APPENDIXES-RESOURCE DIRECTORY	619	(56)
Appendix A-University-Affiliated Programs and Other National Resources	621	(18)
Peter W. Dowrick
Clearinghouses and Referral Centers	621	(3)
University-Affiliated Program (UAP), Developmental Disabilities (DD) Planning Councils, and Protection and Advocacy Agencies (P&A)	624	(15)
Appendix B-Organizations and Associations	639	(13)
Symme W. Trachtenberg and Peter W. Dowrick
Accessibility	639	(1)
AIDS	640	(1)
Attention-Deficit Disorder	640	(1)
Autism	640	(1)
Career Counseling	641	(1)
Cerebral Palsy	641	(1)
Child Abuse	641	(1)
Cleft Lip and Palate	641	(1)
Computers	641	(1)
Cornelia de Lange Syndrome	641	(1)
Cri du Chat	642	(1)
Cystic Fibrosis	642	(1)
Down Syndrome	642	(1)
Dwarfism (Achondroplasia)	642	(1)
Education-Best Practices	642	(1)
Epilepsy	643	(1)
Fragile X	643	(1)
General Information	643	(1)
Genetics	643	(1)
Guillain-Barre	644	(1)
Hearing, Speech, and Language	644	(1)
Independent Living	644	(1)
Learning Disabilities	645	(1)
Legal Rights	645	(1)
Mental Retardation	646	(1)
Muscular Dystrophy	646	(1)
Neurofibromatosis	646	(1)
Occupational Therapy	646	(1)
Osteogenesis Imperfecta	646	(1)
Parents	646	(1)
Physical Therapy	647	(1)
Recreation and Sports	647	(1)
Rehabilitation Engineering	648	(1)
Rehabilitation Products and Equipment	648	(1)
Rett Syndrome	648	(1)
Scoliosis	648	(1)
Sensory Integration Therapy	649	(1)
Service Dogs	649	(1)
Siblings	649	(1)
Sickle-Cell Disease	649	(1)
Spina Bifida	649	(1)
Soto Syndrome	650	(1)
Tay-Sachs	650	(1)
Tourette Syndrome	650	(1)
Trauma	650	(1)
Treacher Collins Syndrome	650	(1)
Trisomy 18, 13, and Related Disorders	650	(1)
Tuberous Sclerosis	650	(1)
Vision	650	(1)
Williams Syndrome	651	(1)
Appendix C-Product Resources	652	(23)
Lisa A. Kurtz
Index	675