Handbook of Fractional-horsepower Drives

by Stoelting, Hans-dieter; Kallenbach, Eberhard; Amrhein, Wolfgang

• ISBN13: 9783540731283
• ISBN10: 3540731288
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2008-07-04
• Publisher: Springer Verlag

Summary

"Fractional-Horsepower drives are crucial for all kinds of products, from simple domestic utensils to most complex technological applications. This handbook gives a practical overview on the available drives. It gives a comprehensive reference about design, functionality, properties, and applications of fractional horsepower drives and introduces into their control and the mechanical transducers. Additionally, the book shows us avenues for projecting new drives." "The author addresses practicing engineers as well as students of electrical and mechanical engineering, control and mechanics."--BOOK JACKET.

Table of Contents

Introduction
General View	p. 1
The Electromagnetic Drive System	p. 2
Drive Units	p. 3
Motors	p. 3
Electronic Circuits	p. 8
References	p. 11
Motors for Continuous Rotation
Motors with Commutator	p. 13
Electrically Excited DC Motors	p. 13
Permanent Magnet DC Motors	p. 14
Commutator Series Motor (Universal Motor)	p. 33
Contact System and Commutation	p. 51
Noise Behaviour	p. 65
Radio Interference Suppression	p. 65
Brushless Permanent Magnet Motors	p. 66
Introduction	p. 66
Design Features	p. 72
Dynamic Model of the Brushless AC Motor	p. 92
Electronic Suppression of Torque Ripples	p. 99
Motor Characteristics	p. 104
Sensor Technology	p. 105
Special Designs of Brushless Permanent Magnet Motors	p. 111
Switched Reluctance Motor	p. 116
Magnetic Circuitry	p. 116
Operation	p. 117
Commutation	p. 118
Control Strategies and Motor Performance	p. 121
Sensorless Modes of Operation	p. 123
Characteristics	p. 124
Rotating-Field Motors	p. 125
Asynchronous Motors	p. 125
Synchronous Motors	p. 144
References	p. 155
Electromagnetic Stepping Drives
Overview	p. 161
Classification of Stepping Motors	p. 164
Claw-Poled Stepping Motor	p. 164
Disk Rotor Stepping Motor	p. 166
Reluctance Stepping Motor	p. 167
Hybrid Stepping Motor	p. 168
Control of Stepping Motors	p. 170
Operating Behaviour of Stepping Motors	p. 179
Step Angle	p. 179
Torque	p. 181
Positioning Accuracy	p. 182
Step vs Time Characteristic	p. 183
Operating Characteristics	p. 185
Resonance Frequencies	p. 188
Micro Stepping	p. 188
Assigning Reference Position	p. 190
Motion Sequences	p. 191
Classified Motion Sequences	p. 191
Closer Examination of Dynamic Operation	p. 194
References	p. 203
Drives with Limited Motion
Electromagnets	p. 205
Electromagnets as Drive Sections	p. 205
Direct Current Magnets	p. 207
Alternating Current Magnets	p. 227
Polarized Electromagnets	p. 236
Project Planning of Electromagnets and Magnetic Drives	p. 240
Design of Magnetic Drives	p. 241
Electrodynamic Linear and Multi-Coordinate Drives	p. 250
Working Principle and Basic Structure	p. 251
Configurations of Electrodynamic Linear Motors	p. 255
Types of Construction of Integrated Electrodynamic Multi-Coordinate Drives With Single-Mass Armatures for xy-, x[characters not reproducible], xy[characters not reproducible]- and xy[characters not reproducible]z-Travel	p. 269
Behaviour of Electrodynamic Linear and Multi-Coordinate Motors	p. 285
Control of Electrodynamic Linear and Multi-Coordinate Motors	p. 288
Commercially Offered Systems	p. 298
Linear and Planar Hybrid Stepping Motors	p. 298
Linear Hybrid Stepping Motors	p. 298
Multi-Coordinate Hybrid Stepping Motors	p. 303
Dynamic Properties of Linear Hybrid Stepping Motors	p. 306
Principle of Microstepping	p. 309
Linear Hybrid Stepping Motors as Non-Linear Magnetic Drives	p. 310
References	p. 311
Piezoelectric Drives
Physical Effect	p. 317
Piezoelectric Components	p. 318
Piezoelectric Materials	p. 318
Piezoelectric Elements	p. 320
Piezoelectric Actuators	p. 322
Stack Translator (Stacked Design)	p. 322
Laminar Translators	p. 326
Bending Elements	p. 326
Tube Elements	p. 327
Displacement Amplification	p. 328
Piezoelectric Motors	p. 329
Inchworm and Walking Motors	p. 330
Ultrasonic Motors	p. 332
Driving Electronics	p. 338
Power Amplifier	p. 338
Inverse Control	p. 340
Implementation Examples	p. 341
Positioning System with Piezo Drives	p. 342
Clamping Elements for Inchworm Motors	p. 343
References	p. 345
Open-Loop and Closed-Loop Control of Electric Fractional-Horsepower Motors
Introduction	p. 347
Circuit Components and Pulse-Width Modulation	p. 348
Circuits for Indirect Coupling and Voltage Level Adapting	p. 348
Control Elements for DC and Rotating-Field Motors	p. 352
Control Elements for Stepper Motors	p. 358
Modulation Methods for Three-Phase Motors	p. 359
Control Elements	p. 364
Open-Loop Control of Rotational Speed	p. 367
Control Elements and Power Sections for Universal Motors	p. 367
Open-Loop Rotational Speed Control of DC Motors	p. 368
Open-Loop Rotational Speed Control of Asynchronous Motors	p. 371
Open-Loop Control of Motors with Synchronous Speed	p. 373
Positioning and Rotational Speed Open-Loop Control of Stepper Motors	p. 376
Positioning and Rotational Speed Closed-Loop Control	p. 376
Closed-Loop Control of Universal Motors	p. 376
Closed-Loop Control of DC Motors	p. 377
Closed-Loop Control of Asynchronous Motors	p. 380
Closed-Loop Control of Electronically Commutated Motors	p. 390
Information on the Practice-Oriented Adjustment of Controllers and Simulation of Rotating Speed Closed-Loop Control Circuits	p. 395
Structure of Drive Electronics for Three-Phase Alternating Current Motors Using Circuits with Large-Scale Integration	p. 398
Sensorless Determination and Closed-Loop Control of Rotational Speed, Rotor Position and Internal Torque	p. 401
References	p. 414
Magnetic Bearing Technology
Introduction	p. 417
Passive Magnetic Bearings	p. 419
Permanent Magnet Bearings	p. 420
Active Magnetic Bearing Systems	p. 426
Electromagnetic Bearings	p. 427
Bearingless Motors	p. 434
References	p. 445
Mechanical Transfer Units
Gearings	p. 450
Kinds of Gearings	p. 450
Gear Trains	p. 452
Flexible Drives	p. 472
Screw Mechanisms	p. 477
Coupling Drives	p. 477
Cam Mechanisms	p. 480
Stepping Gears	p. 481
Couplings	p. 482
Firm Couplings	p. 484
Self-aligning Couplings	p. 485
Clutches	p. 487
Axles and Shafts	p. 492
Calculation of Conceptual Design	p. 492
Recalculation	p. 493
Bearings	p. 495
Sliding Bearings	p. 496
Rolling Bearings	p. 502
References	p. 505
Standards and Directions	p. 506
Project Design of Drive Systems
Requirements and Specifications	p. 509
Approach to Drive Functions	p. 511
Classification of Common Drive Functions	p. 511
Classification According to Motion	p. 511
Classification According to Operating Mode	p. 514
Aspects of Motor Selection	p. 517
Comparison of Position-Controlled DC Drives and Stepping Drives	p. 519
Conversion of Mechanical Drive Parameters	p. 524
Samples of Drive Functions	p. 526
Direct Drive of a Disk Storage Device	p. 526
Drive of a Dosing Piston Pump	p. 532
Drive of a Drilling Machine for Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs)	p. 539
Drive of a Light Pointer	p. 546
Drive of a Flexible-Tube Pump or Peristaltic Pump	p. 551
Bowden Wire Drive of a Recording Device	p. 556
Drum Drive	p. 566
Standards and Directions	p. 576
Important Symbols	p. 579
Index	p. 585
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