A Handbook for Supplementary AIDS and Services: A Best Practice and Idea Guide to Enable Children With Disabilities to Be Educated With Nondisabled Children to the Maximum Extent Appropriate

by Burns, Edward

• ISBN13: 9780398073435
• ISBN10: 0398073430
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-03-01
• Publisher: Charles C Thomas Pub Ltd

Summary

A guide for special education teachers covers the best practices, legal aspects, and research surrounding supplementary aids and services for children with disabilities.

Table of Contents

Preface	v
FAPE	3	(29)
Aids and Services	6	(3)
Regular Classroom Participation	9	(2)
Other Educated-related Settings	10	(1)
Case Law	10	(1)
Regulations and Services	11	(4)
FAPE Implementation	15	(2)
Planning Classroom Services	17	(2)
School-wide Services	17	(1)
Pre-referral Planning	18	(1)
Referral Planning	18	(1)
Child Study Team	19	(2)
Regular Classroom Planning	21	(11)
Philosophy	21	(1)
Commitment	21	(1)
Expectations	21	(1)
In-Service	22	(1)
Responsibility	23	(1)
Communication	24	(1)
Planning Time	24	(1)
Parent Planning	24	(1)
Collaboration and Planning	25	(1)
IEP planning	25	(7)
Services	32	(22)
Special Education	34	(3)
Consultant Teacher Services	37	(2)
Overlap of Services	39	(2)
Services and Placements	41	(2)
The Presumption	43	(11)
A Service and Not a Place	43	(1)
Referral for Services	44	(1)
Mislabeling	45	(2)
Related Services	47	(1)
Section 504 Services	48	(6)
The Regular Classroom	54	(27)
Classroom Participation	55	(1)
The General Curriculum	56	(1)
The Classroom Teacher	56	(1)
IEP Participation	57	(1)
Teacher Interaction	57	(3)
Behavior and Classroom Participation	60	(5)
Define Behavior	63	(1)
Help!	63	(1)
Interaction	63	(1)
Behavior Expectations	64	(1)
Provide Reinforcement	64	(1)
Avoid Punishment	64	(1)
Learn to Ignore	64	(1)
Appropriate Time-out	64	(1)
Empathy	65	(1)
Don't Overact	65	(1)
Parent Input	65	(1)
Functional Behavioral Assessment	65	(3)
Regular Classroom Participation	68	(13)
Regular Classroom Placement Trends	73	(1)
Measuring Classroom Participation	74	(7)
The Full Range of Services	81	(28)
An Effort to Accommodate	82	(2)
Classroom Services	84	(1)
Full Range of Services Defined	84	(10)
Special Education	89	(1)
Related Services	90	(1)
Supplementary Services	90	(1)
Support Services	90	(2)
Full Program Options	92	(1)
Accommodations and Modifications	92	(1)
Test Accommodations	93	(1)
Assistive Technology	94	(1)
Service Providers	94	(2)
Tests for Mainstreaming	96	(13)
Educational Benefit	96	(2)
Sufficient Effort	98	(1)
Regulatory Tests	99	(1)
Rowley Two-Prong Test	99	(1)
Roncker Test	100	(1)
Daniel Test	100	(2)
Greer Test	102	(1)
The Cost of Services	103	(1)
Holland Test	104	(5)
Continuum of Alternative Placements	109	(18)
A Policy of Services	109	(1)
Regular Classroom Alternative Placements	110	(3)
Discrete Placement Models	113	(5)
Resource Room Services	118	(6)
Push-out or Push-in	124	(1)
Supplemented or Supplanted Instruction	124	(3)
Other Educational Settings	125	(2)
Least Restrictive Environment	127	(29)
A Preference for Mainstreaming	131	(3)
Reverse Mainstreaming	132	(1)
Inclusion	133	(1)
The LRE	134	(1)
Nonacademic Activities	135	(1)
Test Modifications	135	(5)
LRE Literacy	139	(1)
Braille Literacy	139	(1)
The Least Restrictive Curriculum	140	(1)
Location and LRE	140	(3)
Nonparticipation	143	(4)
Placement	147	(9)
Placement Determination	147	(3)
Section 504 Placements	150	(6)
Documenting Services	156	(31)
IEP Documentation	156	(1)
IEP Redundancy	156	(2)
Needed Redundancy	157	(1)
Designating IEP Services	158	(5)
Generalizing Services	161	(2)
The Full Range Revisited	163	(2)
IEP Special Factors	165	(3)
Consideration and Implementation	167	(1)
Frequency and Location of Services	167	(1)
Accessibility	168	(1)
Needs Assessment	168	(1)
IEP Development	169	(4)
IEP and Placement	171	(1)
Alternative Placement Considerations	172	(1)
Section 504 Documentation	172	(1)
Goals and the General Curriculum	173	(6)
Standards	174	(1)
Benchmarks	174	(5)
Evaluating Supplementary Aids and Services	179	(3)
Summative Evaluation	181	(1)
Regular Classroom Progress	182	(5)
Individual Indicators	182	(1)
Group Indicators	182	(1)
Additional Reports	183	(4)
Direct Services	187	(17)
Required Services	187	(1)
Services and Nondisabled Children	188	(1)
Regular Classroom Teacher Services	189	(1)
Eclectic Services	189	(1)
Remedial Services	190	(2)
Title I	190	(1)
School-wide Remediation	190	(1)
State-mandated Remediation	190	(1)
Academic Intervention Management	191	(1)
Instructional Support Services (IST)	191	(1)
Qualified Personnel	192	(4)
Paraprofessionals	193	(1)
Classroom Aides	193	(2)
Tutoring	195	(1)
Volunteers	195	(1)
Direct Related Services	196	(1)
Direct Service Models	196	(8)
One-to-One	197	(1)
Pre-teaching	197	(1)
Small Group--Homogeneous Grouping	197	(1)
Small Group--Heterogeneous Grouping	197	(1)
Collaborative Teaching	198	(1)
Parallel Teaching	198	(1)
Co-teaching	198	(1)
Lead Teaching	199	(1)
Remedial Teaching	199	(1)
Modified Teaching	199	(1)
Grazing	199	(1)
Re-teaching	199	(1)
Modeling	199	(1)
Direct Resource Room Services	200	(1)
Pull-out Services	200	(1)
Peer Tutoring	200	(1)
Aides, Assistants and Paraprofessionals	201	(3)
Indirect Services	204	(21)
Teacher Consultation	205	(8)
Consultation Before Placement	205	(1)
Consultation During Placement	206	(1)
Planning Time	206	(1)
The Role of the Consultant Teacher	207	(1)
Implementation	208	(1)
Progress	208	(1)
Classroom Observations	208	(1)
Feedback	209	(1)
Curriculum Development	209	(1)
Program Coordination	210	(1)
Case Management	210	(1)
Equipment	210	(1)
In-service	211	(1)
Vocational Preparation	211	(1)
Assessment	211	(2)
Schedules	213	(1)
Curriculum Accommodations	213	(1)
``Progress in the General Curriculum''	214	(2)
Academic Accommodations	214	(1)
Different Curriculum	215	(1)
Least Restrictive Modifications	216	(5)
Adaptations	216	(1)
General Environment	216	(1)
Time Accommodations	217	(1)
Content Modifications	218	(1)
Instructional Accommodations	219	(1)
Format Accommodations	219	(1)
Grading Accommodations	220	(1)
Assignment Accommodations	221	(1)
Extra-curricular Modifications	221	(1)
Low-incidence Accommodations	221	(4)
Deaf-blindness	222	(1)
Traumatic-Brain Injury	222	(1)
Chronic Illness	222	(1)
Epilepsy	223	(2)
Assistive Technology and Aids	225	(28)
AT Defined	225	(7)
AT Devices	226	(1)
AT Services	227	(4)
Ethics and AT	231	(1)
Low-Technology Devices and Aids	232	(7)
Aids	234	(1)
Academic Aids	234	(1)
Environment Aids	235	(1)
Classroom Acoustics	236	(1)
Classroom Lighting	236	(1)
General AT Benefits	237	(1)
Structural Aids	237	(1)
ANSI	238	(1)
Equipment	238	(1)
Computer Technology	239	(4)
Keyboard Adaptations	239	(1)
Screen Adaptations	240	(1)
Switches	240	(1)
Scanning	240	(2)
Determining Switch Needs	242	(1)
Output Alternatives	243	(1)
AT for Visual Impairments	244	(1)
Magnification Aids	244	(1)
AT in the Classroom	245	(1)
Objectivity	245	(1)
Support	245	(1)
AT Resources	246	(2)
APH	247	(1)
Internet Resources	248	(5)
References	253	(4)
Index	257