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CONTRIBUTORS
PREFACE
Part 1: The Profession of Medicine
1 The Practice of Medicine
The Editors
2 Promoting Good Health
Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Kathleen M. McKibbin
3 Decision-Making in Clinical Medicine
Daniel B. Mark, John B. Wong
4 Screening and Prevention of Disease
Katrina A. Armstrong, Gary J. Martin
5 Health Care Systems in Developed Countries
Richard B. Saltman
6 The Safety and Quality of Health Care
David W. Bates
7 Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care
Joseph R. Betancourt, Alexander R. Green
8 Ethical Issues in Clinical Medicine
Bernard Lo, Christine Grady
9 Palliative and End-of-Life Care
Ezekiel J. Emanuel
Part 2: Cardinal Manifestations and Presentation of Diseases
Section 1: Pain
10 Pain: Pathophysiology and Management
James P. Rathmell, Howard L. Fields
11 Chest Discomfort
David A. Morrow
12 Abdominal Pain
Danny O. Jacobs
13 Headache
Peter J. Goadsby
14 Back and Neck Pain
John W. Engstrom
Section 2: Alterations in Body Temperature
15 Fever
Charles A. Dinarello, Reuven Porat
16 Fever and Rash
Elaine T. Kaye, Kenneth M. Kaye
17 Fever of Unknown Origin
Chantal P. Bleeker-Rovers, Jos W. M. van der Meer
Section 3: Nervous System Dysfunction
18 Syncope
Roy Freeman
19 Dizziness and Vertigo
Mark F. Walker, Robert B. Daroff
20 Fatigue
Jeffrey M. Gelfand, Vanja C. Douglas
21 Neurologic Causes of ?Weakness and Paralysis
Michael J. Aminoff
22 Numbness, Tingling, and Sensory Loss
Michael J. Aminoff
23 Gait Disorders, Imbalance and Falls
Jessica M. Baker, Lewis R. Sudarsky
24 Confusion and Delirium
S. Andrew Josephson, Bruce L. Miller
25 Dementia
William W. Seeley, Bruce L. Miller
26 Aphasia, Memory Loss, Hemispatial Neglect, Frontal Syndromes and Other Cerebral Disorders
M.-Marsel Mesulam
27 Sleep Disorders
Thomas E. Scammell, Clifford B. Saper, Charles A. Czeisler
Section 4: Disorders of Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat
28 Disorders of the Eye
Jonathan C. Horton
29 Disorders of Smell and Taste
Richard L. Doty, Steven M. Bromley
30 Disorders of Hearing
Anil K. Lalwani
31 Sore Throat, Earache, and Upper Respiratory Symptoms
Michael A. Rubin, Larry C. Ford, Ralph Gonzales
32 Oral Manifestations of Disease
Samuel C. Durso
Section 5: Alterations in Circulatory and Respiratory Functions
33 Dyspnea
Rebecca M. Baron
34 Cough
Christopher H. Fanta
35 Hemoptysis
Anna K. Brady, Patricia A. Kritek
36 Hypoxia and Cyanosis
Joseph Loscalzo
37 Edema
Eugene Braunwald, Joseph Loscalzo
38 Approach to the Patient with a Heart Murmur
Patrick T. O’Gara, Joseph Loscalzo
39 Palpitations
Joseph Loscalzo
Section 6: Alterations in Gastrointestinal Function
40 Dysphagia
Ikuo Hirano, Peter J. Kahrilas
41 Nausea, Vomiting, and Indigestion
William L. Hasler
42 Diarrhea and Constipation
Michael Camilleri, Joseph A. Murray
43 Unintentional Weight Loss
J. Larry Jameson
44 Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Loren Laine
45 Jaundice
Savio John, Daniel S. Pratt
46 Abdominal Swelling and Ascites
Kathleen E. Corey, Lawrence S. Friedman
Section 7: Alterations in Renal and Urinary Tract Function
47 Dysuria, Bladder Pain, and the Interstitial Cystitis/ Bladder Pain Syndrome
John W. Warren
48 Azotemia and Urinary Abnormalities
David B. Mount
49 Fluid and Electrolyte Disturbances
David B. Mount
50 Hypercalcemia and Hypocalcemia
Sundeep Khosla
51 Acidosis and Alkalosis
Thomas D. DuBose, Jr.
Section 8: Alterations in the Skin
52 Approach to the Patient with a Skin Disorder
Kim B. Yancey, Thomas J. Lawley
53 Eczema, Psoriasis, Cutaneous Infections, Acne, and Other Common Skin Disorders
Leslie P. Lawley, Calvin O. McCall, Thomas J. Lawley
54 Skin Manifestations of Internal Disease
Jean L. Bolognia, Irwin M. Braverman
55 Immunologically Mediated Skin Diseases
Kim B. Yancey, Thomas J. Lawley
56 Cutaneous Drug Reactions
Robert G. Micheletti, Misha Rosenbach, Bruce U. Wintroub, Kanade Shinkai
57 Photosensitivity and Other Reactions to Light
Alexander G. Marneros, David R. Bickers
Section 9: Hematologic Alterations
58 Interpreting Peripheral Blood Smears
Dan L. Longo
59 Anemia and Polycythemia
John W. Adamson, Dan L. Longo
60 Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes
Steven M. Holland, John I. Gallin
61 Bleeding and Thrombosis
Barbara A. Konkle
62 Enlargement of Lymph Nodes and Spleen
Dan L. Longo
Part 3: Pharmacology
63 Principles of Clinical Pharmacology
Dan M. Roden
64 Pharmacogenomics
Dan M. Roden
Part 4: Oncology and Hematology
Section 1: Neoplastic Disorders
65 Approach to the Patient with Cancer
Dan L. Longo
66 Prevention and Early Detection of ?Cancer
Jennifer M. Croswell, Otis W. Brawley, Barnett S. Kramer
67 Cancer Genetics
Fred Bunz, Bert Vogelstein
68 Cancer Cell Biology
Jeffrey W. Clark, Dan L. Longo
69 Principles of Cancer Treatment
Edward A. Sausville, Dan L. Longo
70 Infections in Patients with Cancer
Robert W. Finberg
71 Oncologic Emergencies
Rasim Gucalp, Janice P. Dutcher
72 Cancer of the Skin
Brendan D. Curti, Sancy Leachman, Walter J. Urba
73 Head and Neck Cancer
Everett E. Vokes
74 Neoplasms of the Lung
Leora Horn, Christine M. Lovly
75 Breast Cancer
Daniel F. Hayes, Marc E. Lippman
76 Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers
Robert J. Mayer
77 Lower Gastrointestinal Cancers
Robert J. Mayer
78 Tumors of the Liver and Biliary Tree
Josep M. Llovet
79 Pancreatic Cancer
Daniel D. Von Hoff
80 Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Pancreas
Robert T. Jensen
81 Renal Cell Carcinoma
Robert J. Motzer
82 Cancer of the Bladder and Urinary Tract
Noah M. Hahn
83 Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate
Howard I. Scher, James A. Eastham
84 Testicular Cancer
David J. Vaughn
85 Gynecologic Malignancies
David Spriggs
86 Primary and Metastatic Tumors of the Nervous System
Lisa M. DeAngelis, Patrick Y. Wen
87 Soft Tissue and Bone Sarcomas and Bone Metastases
Shreyaskumar R. Patel
88 Carcinoma of Unknown Primary
Gauri R. Varadhachary, James L. Abbruzzese
89 Paraneoplastic Syndromes: Endocrinologic/Hematologic
J. Larry Jameson, Dan L. Longo
90 Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes and Autoimmune Encephalitis
Josep Dalmau, Myrna R. Rosenfeld
91 Late Consequences of Cancer and Its Treatment
Carl E. Freter, Dan L. Longo
Section 2: Hematopoietic Disorders
92 Hematopoietic Stem Cells
David T. Scadden, Dan L. Longo
93 Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias
John W. Adamson
94 Disorders of Hemoglobin
Edward J. Benz, Jr.
95 Megaloblastic Anemias
A. Victor Hoffbrand
96 Hemolytic Anemias
Lucio Luzzatto
97 Anemia Due to Acute Blood Loss
Dan L. Longo
98 Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes Including Aplastic Anemia and Myelodysplasia
Neal S. Young
99 Polycythemia Vera and Other Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Jerry L. Spivak
100 Acute Myeloid Leukemia
William Blum, Clara D. Bloomfield
101 Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Hagop Kantarjian, Jorge Cortes
102 Acute Lymphoid Leukemia
Dieter Hoelzer
103 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Jennifer A. Woyach, John C. Byrd
104 Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Caron A. Jacobson, Dan L. Longo
105 Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Caron A. Jacobson, Dan L. Longo
106 Less Common Hematologic Malignancies
Ayalew Tefferi, Dan L. Longo
107 Plasma Cell Disorders
Nikhil C. Munshi, Dan L. Longo, Kenneth C. Anderson
108 Amyloidosis
John L. Berk, Vaishali Sanchorawala
109 Transfusion Biology and Therapy
Jeffery S. Dzieczkowski, Pierre Tiberghien, Kenneth C. Anderson
110 Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Frederick R. Appelbaum
Section 3: Disorders of Hemostasis
111 Disorders of Platelets and Vessel Wall
Barbara A. Konkle
112 Coagulation Disorders
Valder R. Arruda, Katherine A. High
113 Arterial and Venous Thrombosis
Jane E. Freedman, Joseph Loscalzo
114 Antiplatelet, Anticoagulant, and Fibrinolytic Drugs
Jeffrey I. Weitz
Part 5: Infectious Diseases
Section 1: Basic Considerations in Infectious Diseases
115 Approach to the Patient with an Infectious Disease
Neeraj K. Surana, Dennis L. Kasper
116 Molecular Mechanisms of Microbial Pathogenesis
Gerald B. Pier
117 Approach to the Acutely Ill Infected Febrile Patient
Tamar F. Barlam, Dennis L. Kasper
118 Immunization Principles and Vaccine Use
Nancy Messonnier, Anne Schuchat, Lisa A. Jackson
119 Health Recommendations for International Travel
Jay S. Keystone, Phyllis E. Kozarsky
120 Climate Change and Infectious Disease
Aaron S. Bernstein
Section 2: Clinical Syndromes: Community-Acquired Infections
121 Pneumonia
Lionel A. Mandell, Richard G. Wunderink
122 Lung Abscess
Rebecca M. Baron, Miriam Baron Barshak
123 Infective Endocarditis
Adolf W. Karchmer
124 Infections of the Skin, Muscles, and Soft Tissues
Dennis L. Stevens
125 Infectious Arthritis
Lawrence C. Madoff
126 Osteomyelitis
Werner Zimmerli
127 Intraabdominal Infections and Abscesses
Miriam Baron Barshak, Dennis L. Kasper
128 Acute Infectious Diarrheal Diseases and Bacterial Food Poisoning
Richelle C. Charles, Stephen B. Calderwood, Regina C. LaRocque
129 Clostridium difficile Infection, Including Pseudomembranous Colitis
Dale N. Gerding, Stuart Johnson
130 Urinary Tract Infections, Pyelonephritis, and Prostatitis
Kalpana Gupta, Barbara W. Trautner
131 Sexually Transmitted Infections: Overview and Clinical Approach
Jeanne M. Marrazzo, King K. Holmes
132 Encephalitis
Karen L. Roos, Kenneth L. Tyler
133 Acute Meningitis
Karen L. Roos, Kenneth L. Tyler
134 Chronic and Recurrent Meningitis
Walter J. Koroshetz, Michael R. Wilson, Avindra Nath
135 Brain Abscess and Empyema
Karen L. Roos, Kenneth L. Tyler
136 Infectious Complications of Bites
Sandeep S. Jubbal, Florencia Pereyra, Lawrence C. Madoff
Section 3: Clinical Syndromes: Health Care-Associated Infections
137 Infections Acquired in Health Care Facilities
Robert A. Weinstein
138 Infections in Transplant Recipients
Robert W. Finberg, Joyce D. Fingeroth
Section 4: Therapy for Bacterial Diseases
139 Treatment and Prophylaxis of Bacterial Infections
David C. Hooper, Erica S. Shenoy, Christy A. Varughese
140 Bacterial Resistance to Antimicrobial Agents
David C. Hooper
Section 5: Diseases Caused by Gram-Positive Bacteria
141 Pneumococcal Infections
David Goldblatt, Katherine L. O’Brien
142 Staphylococcal Infections
Franklin D. Lowy
143 Streptococcal Infections
Michael R. Wessels
144 Enterococcal Infections
Cesar A. Arias, Barbara E. Murray
145 Diphtheria and Other Corynebacterial Infections
William R. Bishai, John R. Murphy
146 Listeria monocytogenes Infections
Elizabeth L. Hohmann, Daniel A. Portnoy
147 Tetanus
C. Louise Thwaites, Lam Minh Yen
148 Botulism
Agam K. Rao, Susan Maslanka
149 Gas Gangrene and Other Clostridial Infections
Amy E. Bryant, Dennis L. Stevens
Section 6: Diseases Caused by Gram-Negative Bacteria
150 Meningococcal Infections
Andrew J. Pollard
151 Gonococcal Infections
Sanjay Ram, Peter A. Rice
152 Haemophilus and Moraxella Infections
Timothy F. Murphy
153 Infections Due to the HACEK Group and Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacteria
Tamar F. Barlam, Dennis L. Kasper
154 Legionella Infections
Victor L. Yu, M. Luisa Pedro-Botet, Yusen E. Lin
155 Pertussis and Other Bordetella Infections
Karina A. Top, Scott A. Halperin
156 Diseases Caused by Gram-Negative Enteric Bacilli
Thomas A. Russo, James R. Johnson
157 Acinetobacter Infections
Rossana Rosa, L. Silvia Munoz-Price
158 Helicobacter pylori Infections
John C. Atherton, Martin J. Blaser
159 Infections Due to Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, and Stenotrophomonas Species
Reuben Ramphal
160 Salmonellosis
David A. Pegues, Samuel I. Miller
161 Shigellosis
Philippe J. Sansonetti, Jean Bergounioux
162 Infections Due to Campylobacter and Related Organisms
Beth D. Kirkpatrick, Martin J. Blaser
163 Cholera and Other Vibrioses
Matthew K. Waldor, Edward T. Ryan
164 Brucellosis
Nicholas J. Beeching
165 Tularemia
Jeannine M. Petersen, Paul S. Mead
166 Plague and Other Yersinia Infections
Michael B. Prentice
167 Bartonella Infections, Including Cat-Scratch Disease
Michael Giladi, Moshe Ephros
168 Donovanosis
Nigel O’Farrell
Section 7: Miscellaneous Bacterial Infections
169 Nocardiosis
Gregory A. Filice
170 Actinomycosis
Thomas A. Russo
171 Whipple’s Disease
Thomas A. Russo
172 Infections Due to Mixed Anaerobic Organisms
Neeraj K. Surana, Dennis L. Kasper
Section 8: Mycobacterial Diseases
173 Tuberculosis
Mario C. Raviglione
174 Leprosy
Robert H. Gelber
175 Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections
Steven M. Holland
176 Antimycobacterial Agents
Divya Reddy, Max R. O’Donnell
Section 9: Spirochetal Diseases
177 Syphilis
Sheila A. Lukehart
178 Endemic Treponematoses
Sheila A. Lukehart
179 Leptospirosis
Jiri F. P. Wagenaar, Marga G. A. Goris
180 Relapsing Fever
Alan G. Barbour
181 Lyme Borreliosis
Allen C. Steere
Section 10: Diseases Caused by Rickettsiae, Mycoplasmas, and Chlamydiae
182 Rickettsial Diseases
David H. Walker, J. Stephen Dumler, Lucas S. Blanton, Thomas J. Marrie
183 Infections Due to Mycoplasmas
R. Doug Hardy
184 Chlamydial Infections
Charlotte A. Gaydos, Thomas C. Quinn
Section 11: Viral Diseases: General Considerations
185 Medical Virology
Fred Wang, Elliott Kieff
186 Antiviral Chemotherapy, Excluding Antiretroviral Drugs
Lindsey R. Baden
Section 12: Infections Due to DNA Viruses
187 Herpes Simplex Virus Infections
Lawrence Corey
188 Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections
Richard J. Whitley
189 Epstein-Barr Virus Infections, Including Infectious Mononucleosis
Jeffrey I. Cohen
190 Cytomegalovirus and Human Herpesvirus Types 6, 7, and 8
Camille Nelson Kotton, Martin S. Hirsch
191 Molluscum Contagiosum, Monkeypox, and Other Poxvirus Infections
Fred Wang
192 Parvovirus Infections
Kevin E. Brown
193 Human Papillomavirus Infections
Darron R. Brown, Aaron Ermel
Section 13: Infections Due to DNA and RNA Respiratory Viruses
194 Common Viral Respiratory Infections
James E. Crowe, Jr.
195 Influenza
Peter F. Wright
Section 14: Infections Due to Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Other Human Retroviruses
196 The Human Retroviruses
Dan L. Longo, Anthony S. Fauci
197 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease: AIDS and Related Disorders
Anthony S. Fauci, Gregory K. Folkers, H. Clifford Lane
Section 15: Infections Due to RNA Viruses
198 Viral Gastroenteritis
Umesh D. Parashar, Roger I. Glass
199 Enterovirus, Parechovirus, and Reovirus Infections
Jeffrey I. Cohen
200 Measles (Rubeola)
Kaitlin Rainwater-Lovett, William J. Moss
201 Rubella (German Measles)
Laura A. Zimmerman, Susan E. Reef
202 Mumps
Steven A. Rubin
203 Rabies and Other Rhabdovirus Infections
Alan C. Jackson
204 Arthropod-Borne and Rodent-Borne Virus Infections
Jens H. Kuhn, Rémi N. Charrel
205 Ebolavirus and Marburgvirus Infections
Jens H. Kuhn
Section 16: Fungal Infections
206 Diagnosis and Treatment of Fungal Infections
John E. Edwards, Jr.
207 Histoplasmosis
Chadi A. Hage, L. Joseph Wheat
208 Coccidioidomycosis
Neil M. Ampel
209 Blastomycosis
S. Travis King, Rathel L. Nolan, III
210 Cryptococcosis
Arturo Casadevall
211 Candidiasis
John E. Edwards, Jr.
212 Aspergillosis
David W. Denning
213 Mucormycosis
Brad Spellberg, Ashraf S. Ibrahim
214 Superficial Mycoses and Less Common Systemic Mycoses
Carol A. Kauffman
215 Pneumocystis Infections
Alison Morris, Henry Masur
Section 17: Protozoal and Helminthic Infections: General Considerations
216 Introduction to Parasitic Infections
Sharon L. Reed, Charles E. Davis
217 Agents Used to Treat Parasitic Infections
Thomas A. Moore
Section 18: Protozoal Infections
218 Amebiasis and Infection with Free-Living Amebae
Rosa M. Andrade, Sharon L. Reed
219 Malaria
Nicholas J. White, Elizabeth A. Ashley
220 Babesiosis
Edouard Vannier, Peter J. Krause
221 Leishmaniasis
Shyam Sundar
222 Chagas Disease and African Trypanosomiasis
François Chappuis, Yves Jackson
223 Toxoplasma Infections
Kami Kim
224 Protozoal Intestinal Infections and Trichomoniasis
Peter F. Weller
Section 19: Helminthic Infections
225 Introduction to Helminthic Infections
Peter F. Weller
226 Trichinellosis and Other Tissue Nematode Infections
Peter F. Weller
227 Intestinal Nematode Infections
Peter F. Weller, Thomas B. Nutman
228 Filarial and Related Infections
Thomas B. Nutman, Peter F. Weller
229 Schistosomiasis and Other Trematode Infections
Birgitte Jyding Vennervald
230 Cestode Infections
A. Clinton White, Jr., Peter F. Weller
Part 6: Disorders of the Cardiovascular System
Section 1: Introduction to Cardiovascular Disorders
231 Approach to the Patient with Possible Cardiovascular Disease
Joseph Loscalzo
232 Basic Biology of the Cardiovascular System
Joseph Loscalzo, Peter Libby, Calum A. MacRae
233 Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease
Thomas A. Gaziano, J. Michael Gaziano
Section 2: Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disorders
234 Physical Examination of the Cardiovascular System
Patrick T. O’Gara, Joseph Loscalzo
235 Electrocardiography
Ary L. Goldberger
236 Noninvasive Cardiac Imaging: Echocardiography, Nuclear Cardiology, and Magnetic Resonance/Computed Tomography Imaging
Marcelo F. Di Carli, Raymond Y. Kwong, Scott D. Solomon
237 Diagnostic Cardiac Catheterization and Coronary Angiography
Jane A. Leopold, David P. Faxon
Section 3: Disorders of Rhythm
238 Principles of Electrophysiology
David D. Spragg, Gordon F. Tomaselli
239 The Bradyarrhythmias: Disorders of the Sinoatrial Node
David D. Spragg, Gordon F. Tomaselli
240 The Bradyarrhythmias: Disorders of the Atrioventricular Node
David D. Spragg, Gordon F. Tomaselli
241 Approach to Supraventricular Tachyarrhythmias
Gregory F. Michaud, William G. Stevenson
242 Physiologic and Non-physiologic Sinus Tachycardia
Gregory F. Michaud, William G. Stevenson
243 Focal Atrial Tachycardia
Gregory F. Michaud, William G. Stevenson
244 Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardias
Gregory F. Michaud, William G. Stevenson
245 Common Atrial Flutter, Macroreentrant and Multifocal Atrial Tachycardias
Gregory F. Michaud, William G. Stevenson
246 Atrial Fibrillation
Gregory F. Michaud, William G. Stevenson
247 Approach to Ventricular Arrhythmias
Roy M. John, William G. Stevenson
248 Premature Ventricular Beats, Non-sustained Ventricular Tachycardia, and Idioventricular Rhythm
Roy M. John, William G. Stevenson
249 Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia
William G. Stevenson, Roy M. John
250 Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia and Ventricular Fibrillation
William G. Stevenson, Roy M. John
251 Electrical Storm and Incessant VT
William G. Stevenson, Roy M. John
Section 4: Disorders of the Heart
252 Heart Failure: Pathophysiology and Diagnosis
Douglas L. Mann, Murali Chakinala
253 Heart Failure: Management
Mandeep R. Mehra
254 Cardiomyopathy and Myocarditis
Neal K. Lakdawala, Lynne Warner Stevenson, Joseph Loscalzo
255 Cardiac Transplantation and Prolonged Assisted Circulation
Mandeep R. Mehra
256 Aortic Valve ?Disease
Patrick T. O’Gara, Joseph Loscalzo
257 Aortic Regurgitation
Patrick T. O’Gara, Joseph Loscalzo
258 Mitral Stenosis
Patrick T. O’Gara, Joseph Loscalzo
259 Mitral Regurgitation
Patrick T. O’Gara, Joseph Loscalzo
260 Mitral Valve Prolapse
Patrick T. O’Gara, Joseph Loscalzo
261 Tricuspid Valve Disease
Patrick T. O’Gara, Joseph Loscalzo
262 Pulmonic Valve Disease
Patrick T. O’Gara, Joseph Loscalzo
263 Multiple and Mixed Valvular Heart Disease
Patrick T. O’Gara, Joseph Loscalzo
264 Congenital Heart Disease in the Adult
Anne Marie Valente, Michael J. Landzberg
265 Pericardial Disease
Eugene Braunwald
266 Atrial Myxoma and Other Cardiac Tumors
Eric H. Awtry
Section 5: Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease
267 Ischemic Heart Disease
Elliott Antman, Joseph Loscalzo
268 Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome (Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Unstable Angina)
Robert P. Giugliano, Christopher P. Cannon, Eugene Braunwald
269 ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Elliott M. Antman, Joseph Loscalzo
270 Percutaneous Coronary Interventions and Other Interventional Procedures
David P. Faxon, Deepak L. Bhatt
271 Hypertensive Vascular Disease
Theodore A. Kotchen
272 Renovascular Disease
Stephen C. Textor
273 Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Thromboembolism
Samuel Z. Goldhaber
274 Diseases of the Aorta
Mark A. Creager, Joseph Loscalzo
275 Arterial Diseases of the Extremities
Mark A. Creager, Joseph Loscalzo
276 Chronic Venous Disease and Lymphedema
Mark A. Creager, Joseph Loscalzo
277 Pulmonary Hypertension
Aaron B. Waxman, Joseph Loscalzo
Part 7: Disorders of the Respiratory System
Section 1: Diagnosis of Respiratory Disorders
278 Approach to the Patient with Disease of the Respiratory System
Patricia A. Kritek, Bruce D. Levy
279 Disturbances of Respiratory Function
Edward T. Naureckas, Julian Solway
280 Diagnostic Procedures in Respiratory Disease
Anne L. Fuhlbrigge, Augustine M.K. Choi
Section 2: Diseases of the Respiratory System
281 Asthma
Peter J. Barnes
282 Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis and Pulmonary Infiltrates with Eosinophilia
Praveen Akuthota, Michael E. Wechsler
283 Occupational and Environmental Lung Disease
John R. Balmes
284 Bronchiectasis
Rebecca M. Baron, Miriam Baron Barshak
285 Cystic Fibrosis
Eric J. Sorscher
286 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Edwin K. Silverman, James D. Crapo, Barry Make
287 Interstitial Lung Disease
Gary M. Hunninghake, Ivan O. Rosas
288 Disorders of the Pleura
Richard W. Light
289 Disorders of the Mediastinum
Richard W. Light
290 Disorders of Ventilation
John F. McConville, Julian Solway, Babak Mokhlesi
291 Sleep Apnea
Andrew Wellman, Susan Redline
292 Lung Transplantation
Elbert P. Trulock, III
Part 8: Critical Care Medicine
Section 1: Respiratory Critical Care
293 Approach to the Patient with Critical Illness
John P. Kress, Jesse B. Hall
294 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Rebecca M. Baron, Bruce D. Levy
295 Mechanical Ventilatory Support
Bartolome R. Celli
Section 2: Shock and Cardiac Arrest
296 Approach to the Patient with Shock
Anthony F. Massaro
297 Sepsis and Septic Shock
Christopher W. Seymour, Derek C. Angus
298 Cardiogenic Shock and Pulmonary Edema
David H. Ingbar, Holger Thiele
299 Cardiovascular Collapse, Cardiac Arrest, and Sudden Cardiac Death
Christine M. Albert, William G. Stevenson
Section 3: Neurologic Critical Care
300 Coma
S. Andrew Josephson, Allan H. Ropper, Stephen L. Hauser
301 Severe Acute Encephalopathies and Critical Care Weakness
J. Claude Hemphill, III, Wade S. Smith, S. Andrew Josephson, Daryl R. Gress
302 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
J. Claude Hemphill, III, Wade S. Smith, Daryl R. Gress
Part 9: Disorders of the Kidney and Urinary Tract
303 Cellular and Molecular Biology of the Kidney
Alfred L. George, Jr., Eric G. Neilson
304 Acute Kidney Injury
Sushrut S. Waikar, Joseph V. Bonventre
305 Chronic Kidney Disease
Joanne M. Bargman, Karl L. Skorecki
306 Dialysis in the Treatment of Renal Failure
Kathleen D. Liu, Glenn M. Chertow
307 Transplantation in the Treatment of Renal Failure
Jamil Azzi, Edgar L. Milford, Mohamed H. Sayegh, Anil Chandraker
308 Glomerular Diseases
Julia B. Lewis, Eric G. Neilson
309 Polycystic Kidney Disease and Other Inherited Disorders of Tubule Growth and Development
Jing Zhou, Martin R. Pollak
310 Tubulointerstitial Diseases of the Kidney
Laurence H. Beck, Jr., David J. Salant
311 Vascular Injury to the Kidney
Ronald S. Go, Nelson Leung
312 Nephrolithiasis
Gary C. Curhan
313 Urinary Tract Obstruction
Julian L. Seifter
Part 10: Disorders of the Gastrointestinal System
Section 1: Disorders of the Alimentary Tract
314 Approach to the Patient with Gastrointestinal Disease
William L. Hasler, Chung Owyang
315 Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Louis Michel Wong Kee Song, Mark Topazian
316 Diseases of the Esophagus
Peter J. Kahrilas, Ikuo Hirano
317 Peptic Ulcer Disease and Related Disorders
John Del Valle
318 Disorders of Absorption
Henry J. Binder
319 Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Sonia Friedman, Richard S. Blumberg
320 Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Chung Owyang
321 Diverticular Disease and Common Anorectal Disorders
Rizwan Ahmed, Susan L. Gearhart
322 Mesenteric Vascular Insufficiency
Satinderjit Locham, Mahmoud Malas
323 Acute Intestinal Obstruction
Danny O. Jacobs
324 Acute Appendicitis and Peritonitis
Danny O. Jacobs
Section 2: Nutrition
325 Nutrient Requirements and Dietary Assessment
Johanna Dwyer
326 Vitamin and Trace Mineral Deficiency and Excess
Paolo M. Suter, Robert M. Russell
327 Malnutrition and Nutritional Assessment
Gordon L. Jensen
328 Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition
L. John Hoffer, Bruce R. Bistrian, David F. Driscoll
Section 3: Liver and Biliary Tract Disease
329 Approach to the Patient with Liver Disease
Marc G. Ghany, Jay H. Hoofnagle
330 Evaluation of Liver Function
Daniel S. Pratt
331 The Hyperbilirubinemias
Allan W. Wolkoff
332 Acute Viral Hepatitis
Jules L. Dienstag
333 Toxic and Drug-Induced Hepatitis
William M. Lee, Jules L. Dienstag
334 Chronic Hepatitis
Jules L. Dienstag
335 Alcoholic Liver Disease
Mark E. Mailliard, Michael F. Sorrell
336 Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Manal F. Abdelmalek, Anna Mae Diehl
337 Cirrhosis and Its Complications
Bruce R. Bacon
338 Liver Transplantation
Raymond T. Chung, Jules L. Dienstag
339 Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts
Norton J. Greenberger, Gustav Paumgartner
Section 4: Disorders of the Pancreas
340 Approach to the Patient with Pancreatic Disease
Darwin L. Conwell, Norton J. Greenberger, Peter A. Banks
341 Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis
Darwin L. Conwell, Peter A. Banks, Norton J. Greenberger
Part 11: Immune-Mediated, Inflammatory, and Rheumatologic Disorders
Section 1: The Immune System in Health and Disease
342 Introduction to the Immune System
Barton F. Haynes, Kelly A. Soderberg, Anthony S. Fauci
343 The Major Histocompatibility Complex
Gerald T. Nepom
344 Primary Immune Deficiency Diseases
Alain Fischer
Section 2: Disorders of Immune-Mediated Injury
345 Urticaria, Angioedema, and Allergic Rhinitis
Katherine N. Cahill, Joshua A. Boyce
346 Anaphylaxis
David Hong, Joshua A. Boyce
347 Mastocytosis
Cem Akin, Joshua A. Boyce
348 Autoimmunity and Autoimmune Diseases
Betty Diamond, Peter E. Lipsky
349 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Bevra Hannahs Hahn
350 Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Haralampos M. Moutsopoulos
351 Rheumatoid Arthritis
Ankoor Shah, E. William St. Clair
352 Acute Rheumatic Fever
Jonathan R. Carapetis
353 Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma) and Related Disorders
John Varga
354 Sjögren’s Syndrome
Haralampos M. Moutsopoulos
355 The Spondyloarthritides
Joel D. Taurog
356 The Vasculitis Syndromes
Carol A. Langford, Anthony S. Fauci
357 Behçet’s Syndrome
Haralampos M. Moutsopoulos
358 Inflammatory Myopathies
Steven A. Greenberg, Anthony A. Amato
359 Relapsing Polychondritis
Carol A. Langford
360 Sarcoidosis
Robert P. Baughman, Elyse E. Lower
361 IgG4-Related Disease
John H. Stone
362 Familial Mediterranean Fever and Other Hereditary Autoinflammatory Diseases
Daniel L. Kastner
Section 3: Disorders of the Joints and Adjacent Tissues
363 Approach to Articular and Musculoskeletal Disorders
John J. Cush
364 Osteoarthritis
David T. Felson, Tuhina Neogi
365 Gout and Other Crystal-Associated Arthropathies
H. Ralph Schumacher, Lan X. Chen
366 Fibromyalgia
Leslie J. Crofford
367 Arthritis Associated with Systemic Disease, and Other Arthritides
Carol A. Langford, Brian F. Mandell
368 Periarticular Disorders of the Extremities
Carol A. Langford
Part 12: Endocrinology and Metabolism
Section 1: Endocrinology
369 Approach to the Patient with Endocrine Disorders
J. Larry Jameson
370 Mechanisms of Hormone Action
J. Larry Jameson
371 Physiology of Anterior Pituitary Hormones
Shlomo Melmed, J. Larry Jameson
372 Hypopituitarism
Shlomo Melmed, J. Larry Jameson
373 Pituitary Tumor Syndromes
Shlomo Melmed, J. Larry Jameson
374 Disorders of the Neurohypophysis
Gary L. Robertson
375 Thyroid Gland Physiology and Testing
J. Larry Jameson, Susan J. Mandel, Anthony P. Weetman
376 Hypothyroidism
J. Larry Jameson, Susan J. Mandel, Anthony P. Weetman
377 Hyperthyroidism
J. Larry Jameson, Susan J. Mandel, Anthony P. Weetman
378 Thyroid Nodular Disease and Thyroid Cancer
J. Larry Jameson, Susan J. Mandel, Anthony P. Weetman
379 Disorders of the Adrenal Cortex
Wiebke Arlt
380 Pheochromocytoma
Hartmut P. H. Neumann
381 Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia
R. V. Thakker
382 Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndromes
Peter A. Gottlieb, Aaron W. Michels
Section 2: Sex- and Gender-Based Medicine
383 Disorders of Sex Development
John C. Achermann, J. Larry Jameson
384 Disorders of the Testes and Male Reproductive System
Shalender Bhasin, J. Larry Jameson
385 Disorders of the Female Reproductive System
Janet E. Hall
386 Menstrual Disorders and Pelvic Pain
Janet E. Hall
387 Hirsutism
David A. Ehrmann
388 Menopause and Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy
JoAnn E. Manson, Shari S. Bassuk
389 Infertility and Contraception
Janet E. Hall
390 Sexual Dysfunction
Kevin T. McVary
391 Women’s Health
Andrea Dunaif
392 Men’s Health
Shalender Bhasin, Shehzad Basaria
393 Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Health
Baligh R. Yehia, Harvey J. Makadon
Section 3: Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, and Metabolic Syndrome
394 Pathobiology of Obesity
Jeffrey S. Flier, Eleftheria Maratos-Flier
395 Evaluation and Management of Obesity
Robert F. Kushner
396 Diabetes Mellitus: Diagnosis, Classification, and Pathophysiology
Alvin C. Powers, Kevin D. Niswender, Carmella Evans-Molina
397 Diabetes Mellitus: Management and Therapies
Alvin C. Powers, Kevin D. Niswender, Michael R. Rickels
398 Diabetes Mellitus: Complications
Alvin C. Powers, John M. Stafford, Michael R. Rickels
399 Hypoglycemia
Philip E. Cryer, Stephen N. Davis
400 Disorders of Lipoprotein Metabolism
Daniel J. Rader, Sekar Kathiresan
401 The Metabolic Syndrome
Robert H. Eckel
Section 4: Disorders of Bone and Mineral Metabolism
402 Bone and Mineral Metabolism in Health and Disease
F. Richard Bringhurst, Marie B. Demay, Henry M. Kronenberg
403 Disorders of the Parathyroid Gland and Calcium Homeostasis
John T. Potts, Jr., Harald Jüppner
404 Osteoporosis
Robert Lindsay, Felicia Cosman
405 Paget’s Disease and Other Dysplasias of Bone
Murray J. Favus, Tamara J. Vokes
Section 5: Disorders of Intermediary Metabolism
406 Heritable Disorders of Connective Tissue
Darwin J. Prockop, John F. Bateman
407 Hemochromatosis
Lawrie W. Powell
408 Wilson’s Disease
George J. Brewer
409 The Porphyrias
Robert J. Desnick, Manisha Balwani
410 Disorders of Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism
John N. Mecchella, Christopher M. Burns
411 Lysosomal Storage Diseases
Robert J. Hopkin, Gregory A. Grabowski
412 Glycogen Storage Diseases and Other Inherited Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism
Priya S. Kishnani, Yuan-Tsong Chen
413 Inherited Disorders of Amino Acid Metabolism in Adults
Nicola Longo
414 Inherited Defects of Membrane Transport
Nicola Longo
Part 13: Neurologic Disorders
Section 1: Diagnosis of Neurologic Disorders
415 Approach to the Patient with Neurologic Disease
Daniel H. Lowenstein, Joseph B. Martin, Stephen L. Hauser
416 Neuroimaging in Neurologic Disorders
William P. Dillon
417 Pathobiology of Neurologic Diseases
Stephen L. Hauser, Arnold R. Kriegstein, Stanley B. Prusiner
Section 2: Diseases of the Central Nervous System
418 Seizures and Epilepsy
Daniel H. Lowenstein
419 Cerebrovascular Diseases
Wade S. Smith, S. Claiborne Johnston, J. Claude Hemphill, III
420 Ischemic Stroke
Wade S. Smith, S. Claiborne Johnston, J. Claude Hemphill, III
421 Intracranial Hemorrhage
Wade S. Smith, J. Claude Hemphill, III, S. Claiborne Johnston
422 Migraine and Other Primary Headache Disorders
Peter J. Goadsby
423 Alzheimer’s Disease
William W. Seeley, Bruce L. Miller
424 Frontotemporal Dementia
William W. Seeley, Bruce L. Miller
425 Vascular Dementia
Joel H. Kramer, William W. Seeley, Bruce L. Miller
426 Dementia with Lewy Bodies
William W. Seeley, Caroline M. Tanner, Bruce L. Miller
427 Parkinson’s Disease
C. Warren Olanow, Christine Klein, Anthony H. V. Schapira
428 Tremor, Chorea, and Other Movement Disorders
C. Warren Olanow, Christine Klein, Jose A. Obeso
429 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Other Motor Neuron Diseases
Robert H. Brown, Jr.
430 Prion Diseases
Stanley B. Prusiner, Bruce L. Miller
431 Ataxic Disorders
Roger N. Rosenberg
432 Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System
Christopher H. Gibbons, John W. Engstrom
433 Trigeminal Neuralgia, Bell’s Palsy, and Other Cranial Nerve Disorders
M. Flint Beal, Stephen L. Hauser
434 Diseases of the Spinal Cord
Stephen L. Hauser
435 Concussion and Other Traumatic Brain Injuries
Geoffrey T. Manley, Stephen L. Hauser, Michael McCrea
436 Multiple Sclerosis
Bruce A. C. Cree, Stephen L. Hauser
437 Neuromyelitis Optica
Bruce A. C. Cree, Stephen L. Hauser
Section 3: Nerve and Muscle Disorders
438 Peripheral Neuropathy
Anthony A. Amato, Richard J. Barohn
439 Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Other Immune-Mediated Neuropathies
Stephen L. Hauser, Anthony A. Amato
440 Myasthenia Gravis and Other Diseases of the Neuromuscular Junction
Anthony A. Amato
441 Muscular Dystrophies and Other Muscle Diseases
Anthony A. Amato, Robert H. Brown, Jr.
Section 4: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
442 Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Gijs Bleijenberg, Jos W. M. van der Meer
Section 5: Psychiatric and Addiction Disorders
443 Biology of Psychiatric Disorders
Robert O. Messing, Eric J. Nestler, Matthew W. State
444 Psychiatric Disorders
Victor I. Reus
445 Alcohol and Alcohol Use Disorders
Marc A. Schuckit
446 Opioid-Related Disorders
Thomas R. Kosten, Colin N. Haile
447 Cocaine and Other Commonly Used Drugs
Karran A. Phillips, Antonello Bonci
448 Nicotine Addiction
David M. Burns
Part 14: Poisoning, Drug Overdose, and Envenomation
449 Heavy Metal Poisoning
Howard Hu
450 Poisoning and Drug Overdose
Mark B. Mycyk
451 Disorders Caused by Venomous Snakebites and Marine Animal Exposures
Charles Lei, Kirsten B. Hornbeak, Paul S. Auerbach, Robert L. Norris
452 Ectoparasite Infestations and Arthropod Injuries
Richard J. Pollack, Scott A. Norton
Part 15: Disorders Associated with Environmental Exposures
453 Altitude Illness
Buddha Basnyat, Geoffrey Tabin
454 Hypothermia and Peripheral Cold Injuries
Daniel F. Danzl
455 Heat-Related Illnesses
Daniel F. Danzl
Part 16: Genes, the Environment, and Disease
456 Principles of Human Genetics
J. Larry Jameson, Peter Kopp
457 The Practice of Genetics in Clinical Medicine
Susan M. Domchek, J. Larry Jameson, Susan Miesfeldt
458 Gene and Cell Based Therapy in Clinical Medicine
Katherine A. High, Malcolm K. Brenner
459 The Human Microbiome
Neeraj K. Surana, Dennis L. Kasper
Part 17: Global Medicine
460 Global Issues in Medicine
Joseph J. Rhatigan, Paul Farmer
461 Worldwide Changes in Patterns of Infectious Disease
George W. Rutherford, Jaime Sepulveda
462 Primary Care and Global Health
Tim Evans, Kumanan Rasanathan
Part 18: Aging
463 The Biology of Aging
Rafael de Cabo, David G. Le Couteur
464 Clinical Problems Associated with the Aging Process
Joseph G. Ouslander, Bernardo Reyes
Part 19: Consultative Medicine
465 Approach to Medical Consultation
Jack Ende, Jeffrey Berns
466 Medical Disorders During Pregnancy
Robert L. Barbieri, John T. Repke
467 Medical Evaluation of the Surgical Patient
Prashant Vaishnava, Kim A. Eagle
Part 20: Frontiers
468 Behavioral Economics and Health
Kevin G. Volpp, George Loewenstein, David A. Asch
469 Complementary, Alternative, and Integrative Health Approaches
Josephine P. Briggs
470 Telomere Disease
Rodrigo T. Calado, Neal S. Young
471 The Role of Epigenetics in Disease and Treatment
Brian C. Capell, Shelley L. Berger
472 Mitochondrial DNA and Heritable Traits and Diseases
Karl L. Skorecki, Bruce H. Cohen
473 Applications of Stem Cell Biology in Clinical Medicine
John A. Kessler
474 Microbial Genomics and Infectious Disease
Roby P. Bhattacharyya, Yonatan H. Grad, Deborah T. Hung
475 The Role of Circadian Biology in Health and Disease
Jonathan Cedernaes, Kathryn Moynihan Ramsey, Joseph Bass
476 Network Medicine: Systems Biology in Health and Disease
Joseph Loscalzo
477 Emerging Neurotherapeutic Technologies
Jyoti Mishra, Karunesh Ganguly
Online Chapters
The following chapters are available online. They can be viewed at www.accessmedicine.com.
Part 21: Video Collection
V1 Video Library of Gait Disorders
Gail Kang, Nicholas B. Galifianakis, Michael D. Geschwind
V2 Primary Progressive Aphasia, Memory Loss, and Other Focal Cerebral Disorders
Maria Luisa Gorno-Tempini, Jennifer Ogar, Joel Kramer, Bruce L. Miller, Gil Rabinovici, Maria Carmela Tartaglia
V3 Video Library of Neuro-Ophthalmology
Jonathan C. Horton
V4 Examination of the Comatose Patient
S. Andrew Josephson
V5 Video Atlas of Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Lesions
Louis Michel Wong Kee Song, Mark Topazian
V6 The Neurologic Screening Exam
Daniel H. Lowenstein
V7 Video Atlas of the Detailed Neurologic Examination
Martin A. Samuels
Part 22: Supplementary Topics
S1 Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances and Acid-Base Disturbances: Case Examples
David B. Mount, Thomas D. DuBose, Jr.
S2 Microbial Bioterrorism
H. Clifford Lane, Anthony S. Fauci
S3 Chemical Terrorism
Jonathan Newmark, James A. Romano, Jr.
S4 Radiation Terrorism
Christine E. Hill-Kayser, Eli Glatstein, Zelig A. Tochner
S5 Infections in War Veterans
Andrew W. Artenstein
S6 Health Care for Military Veterans
Stephen C. Hunt, Charles W. Hoge
S7 Primary Immunodeficiencies Associated with (or Secondary to) Other Diseases
Alain Fischer
S8 Cardiac Trauma
Eric H. Awtry
S9 Technique of Lumbar Puncture
Elizabeth Robbins, Stephen L. Hauser
S10 Classification of the Spinocerebellar Ataxias
Roger N. Rosenberg
S11 Hyperbaric and Diving Medicine
Michael H. Bennett, Simon J. Mitchell
S12 The Clinical Laboratory in Modern Health Care
Anthony A. Killeen
S13 Laboratory Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases
Alexander J. McAdam, Andrew B. Onderdonk
S14 Laboratory Diagnosis of Parasitic Infections
Sharon L. Reed, Charles E. Davis
Part 23: Atlases
A1 Atlas of Rashes Associated with Fever
Kenneth M. Kaye, Elaine T. Kaye
A2 Atlas of Oral Manifestations of Disease
Samuel C. Durso, Janet A. Yellowitz
A3 Atlas of Urinary Sediments and Renal Biopsies
Agnes B. Fogo, Eric G. Neilson
A4 Atlas of Skin Manifestations of Internal Disease
Thomas J. Lawley, Benjamin K. Stoff, Calvin O. McCall
A5 Atlas of Hematology
Dan L. Longo
A6 Atlas of Blood Smears of Malaria and Babesiosis
Nicholas J. White, Joel G. Breman
A7 Atlas of Electrocardiography
Ary L. Goldberger
A8 Atlas of Noninvasive Imaging
Marcelo F. Di Carli, Raymond Y. Kwong, Scott D. Solomon
A9 Atlas of Cardiac Arrhythmias
Ary L. Goldberger
A10 Atlas of Atherosclerosis
Peter Libby
A11 Atlas of Percutaneous Revascularization
Jane A. Leopold, Deepak L. Bhatt, David P. Faxon
A12 Atlas of Chest Imaging
Patricia A. Kritek, John J. Reilly, Jr.
A13 Atlas of Liver Biopsies
Jules L. Dienstag, Atul K. Bhan
A14 Atlas of the Vasculitic Syndromes
Carol A. Langford, Anthony S. Fauci
A15 Atlas of Clinical Manifestations of Metabolic Diseases
J. Larry Jameson
A16 Atlas of Neuroimaging
Andre D. Furtado, Luciano Villarinho, William P. Dillon
IndexI-1
